Use of Surfactants to Extract a Platinum Group Metal or Gold from Organic Compositions

• US 20190316223A1
• Filed: 05/19/2017
• Published: 10/17/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 05/19/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Commissariat a L'Energie Atomique (AES Corporation), Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique, Universite De Strasbourg (Financière Meeschaert SA)
• Original Assignee: Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique
• Inventors: Bihel, Frederic Jean-Jacques, Bourgeois, Damien, Desgranges, Stephane, Meyer, Daniel, Contino-Pepin, Christiane, Schmitt, Martine, Wagner, Patrick Herve Denis
• Granted Patent: US 10,752,976 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 41/0028 Disruption, e.g. by heat or ultrasounds, sonophysical or sonochemical activation, e.g. thermosensitive or heat-sensitive liposomes, disruption of calculi with a medicinal preparation and ultrasounds
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 41/0033 Sonodynamic cancer therapy with sonochemically active agents or sonosensitizers, having their cytotoxic effects enhanced through application of ultrasounds ultrasound therapy per se A61N7/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 47/549 Sugars, nucleosides, nucleotides or nucleic acids
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 47/62 the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 47/6907 the form being a microemulsion, nanoemulsion or micelle
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 49/0028 Oxazine dyes
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 49/0036 Porphyrins used in photodynamic therapy A61K41/0071 or A61K41/0076; used as targeting group or modifying agent for targeting a therapeutic compound A61K47/546
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 49/0078 microemulsion, nanoemulsion
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 49/1806 Suspensions, emulsions, colloids, dispersions
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 49/226 Solutes, emulsions, suspensions, dispersions, semi-solid forms, e.g. hydrogels
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2231/4211 Suzuki-type, i.e. RY + R'B(OR)2, in which R, R' are optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, acyl and Y is the leaving group
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2231/4283 using N nucleophiles, e.g. Buchwald-Hartwig amination
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 23/56 Platinum group metals
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 23/96 of catalysts comprising metals, oxides or hydroxides of the noble metals
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2531/0288 Sterically demanding or shielding ligands
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2531/824 Palladium
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2531/985 in a water / organic solvent system
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 31/064 Dendrimers
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 31/2291 Olefins
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 31/2404 Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 35/0013 : Colloids
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 35/23 : in a colloidal state
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 37/32 : Freeze drying, i.e. lyophilisation
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 2/30 : non-ionic
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 20/54 : Amides , e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 20/58 : containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen , e.g. N-methylolacrylamide, N-acryloylmorpholine
• CPC Class Codes: C08G 83/003 : Dendrimers
• CPC Class Codes: C08G 83/004 : After treatment of dendrimers
• CPC Class Codes: C08G 83/008 : Supramolecular polymers
• CPC Class Codes: C22B 11/04 : by wet processes extraction of metal compounds by leaching in organic solutions C22B3/16; treatment or purification of solutions by liquid-liquid extraction C22B3/26
• CPC Class Codes: C22B 11/044 : from pyrometallurgical residues, e.g. from ashes, dross, flue dust, mud, skim, slag, sludge
• CPC Class Codes: C22B 15/0084 : Treating solutions with organic compounds C22B3/20
• CPC Class Codes: C22B 3/00 : Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
• CPC Class Codes: C22B 3/10 : Hydrochloric acid , other halogenated acids or salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C22B 3/41 : using a solution of normally solid organic compounds, e.g. dissolved polymers, sugars, or the like
• CPC Class Codes: C22B 3/44 : by chemical processes treatment or purification of solutions by liquid-liquid extraction C22B3/26, by ion-exchange extraction C22B3/42
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 10/20 : Recycling
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 20/584 : Recycling of catalysts

Abstract

The present invention is in the field of surfactants to extract a platinum group metal or gold, in particular palladium, from organic compositions. In particular, the invention concerns the use of surfactants to back-extract a platinum group metal or gold, in particular palladium, from organic compositions further comprising an extractant of said platinum group metal or gold, in particular palladium from an aqueous solution.

Claims

1. A process of extraction of at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold from a first organic liquid composition comprising:

at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold, and

an organic solvent, said organic solvent being water immiscible, said process comprising the following steps;

a) contacting said first organic liquid composition with a first aqueous solution comprising a surfactant to obtain after phase separation,

a second aqueous solution comprising the at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold and the surfactant, and

a second organic liquid composition comprising the organic solvent;

b) recovering of said second aqueous solution,

said surfactant comprising;

an hydrophobic central core of valence m equal to 1, 2 or 3;

when m=1, a hydrophilic group G of the following formula, attached to the central core;

2. The process according to claim 1, wherein said first organic liquid composition results from the liquid/liquid extraction of an original acidic aqueous phase comprising at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold, with said organic solvent.

3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent comprises or consists of an extractant of the at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold from an acidic aqueous solution and optionally, an organic diluent and/or a phase modifier.

4. The process according to claim 3, wherein the extractant is chosen from the group comprising malonamides, alkyl sulfides, sulfoxides, hydroxyoximes, amines, ammonium salts, alkyl phosphine oxides, phosphine sulfides, ketones, thio and dithio-diglycolamides.

5. The process according to claim 1, wherein:

said second aqueous solution comprises more than 50% of the at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold comprised in the first organic liquid composition; and

/or

said second aqueous solution comprises less than 5% of the diluent comprised in the first organic liquid composition; and

/or

said second aqueous solution comprises less than 2% of the extractant comprised in the first organic liquid composition; and

/or

said second aqueous solution comprises more than 80% of the surfactant comprised in the first aqueous solution.

6. The process according to claim 1, further comprising, after step b), a step c) of performing a platinum group metal or gold-catalyzed reaction under micellar conditions by contacting said second aqueous solution with the reactants of said platinum group metal or gold-catalyzed reaction to obtain the product of the platinum group metal or gold-catalyzed reaction under micellar conditions.

7. The process according to claim 3, wherein the first organic liquid composition is obtained by extracting an original aqueous phase comprising at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold, with said extractant in presence of said diluent.

8. The process according to claim 1, wherein said at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold originates from an aqueous phase comprising nitric acid.

9. The process according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is selected from:

10. The process according to claim 1, wherein the at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold is palladium.

11. A process of extracting at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold from a liquid composition to an aqueous solution, said liquid composition comprising:

at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold,

an organic solvent, said organic solvent being water immiscible

comprising contacting the liquid composition with the surfactant of claim 1.

12. A micelle or an aqueous solution comprising at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold and a surfactant as defined in claim 1.

14. A platinum group metal or gold-catalyzed reaction process under micellar conditions comprising the micelle or aqueous solution according to claim 12.

13. (canceled)

15. An amphiphilic dendrimer of generation n comprising:

an hydrophobic central core of valence m equal to 2 or 3;

generation chains attached to the central core and branching around the core; and

an hydrophilic terminal group at the end of each generation chain;

wherein

n is an integer from 0 to 12;

the hydrophilic terminal group comprises;

a mono-, oligo- or polysaccharide residue,

a cyclodextrin residue,

a polyethylene glycol (PEG) residue,

a peptide residue,

a tris(hydroxymethyl)aminoethane (Tris), or

a 2-amino-2-methylpropane-1,3-diol;

the central core being a group of formula (Ia) or (Ib);

16. A compound of formula:

W′

-L′

-G

wherein;

G is a hydrophilic group G of the following formula;