METHODS FOR ENHANCING ANOMALOUS HEAT GENERATION

• US 20190318833A1
• Filed: 12/22/2017
• Published: 10/17/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 12/22/2016
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: IH IP Holdings Limited
• Original Assignee: Industrial Heat, LLC
• Inventors: Murray, Joseph A., Tank, Tushar, Hill, Melissa Brent
• Application Number:
  US16/473,024
• Publication Number:
  US 20190318833A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/249 Plate-type reactors
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2208/00309 with two or more reactions in heat exchange with each other, such as an endothermic reaction in heat exchange with an exothermic reaction
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/2453 Plates arranged in parallel
• CPC Class Codes: G21B 3/002 Fusion by absorption in a matrix
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 30/10 Nuclear fusion reactors

Abstract

Methods and apparatus are disclosed for enhancing anomalous heat generation. An enriched transition metal such as palladium, nickel, zirconium, or ruthenium has a different isotopic composition than the naturally occurring distribution. One or more isotopes of a transition metal are enriched and the concentration of these isotopes is higher than the natural abundance. The enriched transition metal may form metal oxide. It is disclosed herein that plating a reaction chamber with an enriched transition metal or metal oxide having a specific composition improves heat generation in an exothermic reaction.

Claims

1. A method of enhancing an exothermic reaction between a hydrogen gas and a transition metal, the exothermic reaction occurring in a reaction chamber, said method comprising:

plating the reaction chamber with an enriched product of the transition metal, said enriched product comprising an isotope of the transition metal, wherein the concentration of the isotope in the enriched product being higher than a natural abundance of the isotope;

wherein, inside the reaction chamber, the exothermic reaction between the hydrogen gas and the enriched product is triggered and sustained.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen gas comprises deuterium.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the transition metal is one of nickel, palladium, zirconium, and ruthenium.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the transition metal is palladium and the isotope is one of ¹⁰²Pd, ¹⁰⁴Pd, ¹⁰⁵Pd, and ¹¹⁰Pd.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the isotope is ¹⁰⁵Pd and the concentration of ¹⁰⁵Pd is higher than or equal to 25%.

6. The method of claim 3, wherein the transition metal is nickel and the isotope is one of ⁵⁸Ni, ⁶⁰Ni, ⁶¹Ni, ⁶²Ni, and ⁶⁴Ni.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the isotope is ⁶¹Ni and the concentration of ⁶¹Ni is higher than or equal to 5%.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the high concentration of the isotope in the enriched product is achieved via one of the following isotope enrichment techniques:

centrifugal separation, foam fabrication, electromagnetic calutron, laser separation, and spin casting.

9. The method of claim 3, wherein the enriched product further comprises a second metal.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the transition metal is palladium and the second metal is rhodium or silver.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein the transition metal is nickel and the second metal is cobalt or copper.

12. The method of claim 9, wherein the transition metal is palladium and the second metal is nickel and wherein the second metal comprises a nickel isotope, the concentration of the nickel isotope being higher than a natural abundance of the nickel isotope.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the enriched product of the transition metal comprises a single isotope of the transition metal.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the enriched product of the transition metal comprises a second isotope of the transition metal, the concentration of the second isotope of the transition metal being higher than the natural abundance of the second isotope.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the reaction chamber is plated with two or more isotopes of the transition metal and wherein the plating of the reaction chamber comprises:

plating a first layer of the transition metal, wherein the first layer comprises a first isotope of the transition metal; and

plating a second layer of the transition metal, wherein the second layer comprises a second isotope of the transition metal.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the first layer and the second layer are of a same geometric pattern.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the first layer and the second layer are of different geometric patterns.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein the first layer and the second layer are of different thicknesses.

19. An apparatus for generating excess heat in an exothermic reaction, said apparatus comprising:

a reaction chamber, said reaction chamber plated with an enriched product of a transition metal and containing a hydrogen gas; and

a triggering device configured to trigger the exothermic reaction between the transition metal and the hydrogen gas inside the reaction chamber;

wherein the enriched product comprises an isotope of the transition metal, and wherein the concentration of the isotope in the enriched product is higher than the natural abundance of the isotope, to enhance the exothermic reaction.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the hydrogen gas comprises deuterium.

21. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the transition metal is one of nickel, palladium, zirconium, and ruthenium.

22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the transition metal is palladium and the isotope is one of ¹⁰²Pd, ¹⁰⁴Pd, ¹⁰⁵Pd, and ¹¹⁰Pd.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the isotope is ¹⁰⁵Pd and the concentration of ¹⁰⁵Pd is higher than or equal to 25%.

24. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the transition metal is nickel and the isotope is one of ⁵⁸Ni, ⁶⁰Ni, ⁶¹Ni, ⁶²Ni, and ⁶⁴Ni.

25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the isotope is ⁶¹Ni and the concentration of ⁶¹Ni is higher than or equal to 5%.

26. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the transition metal is a plated palladium that comprises two or more layers and wherein each of the two or more layers comprise one isotope of the transition metal.

27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the two or more layers of the plated palladium are of a same geometric pattern.

28. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the two or more layers of the plated palladium are of different geometric patterns.

29. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the two or more layers of the plated palladium are of different thicknesses.