Transparent Composite Material

• US 20190322591A1
• Filed: 12/12/2017
• Published: 10/24/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 12/14/2016
• Status: Active Application

• Current Assignee: Fraunhofer Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forsching E.V.
• Original Assignee: CeramTec-Etec GmbH
• Inventors: SCHNETTER, Lars, BREDE, Lukas, ESCHENAUER, Helen
• Application Number:
  US16/471,937
• Publication Number:
  US 20190322591A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 15/04 comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material next to a bituminous or tarry layer B32B11/08; next to a water-setting substance layer B32B13/06; next to a glass layer B32B17/061; next to a cellulosic plastic layer B32B23/042
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/06 comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 18/00 Layered products essentially comprising ceramics, e.g. refractory products
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2250/03 3 layers
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2250/40 Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/30 having particular thermal properties
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/412 Transparent
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/418 Refractive
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/50 having particular mechanical properties
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/536 Hardness
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/538 Roughness
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/54 Yield strength; Tensile strength
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/546 Flexural strength; Flexion stiffness
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/554 Wear resistance
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/558 Impact strength, toughness
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/584 Scratch resistance
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/702 Amorphous
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/704 Crystalline
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/712 Weather resistant
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/714 Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/732 : Dimensional properties
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/744 : Non-slip, anti-slip
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2315/02 : Ceramics
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2419/00 : Buildings or parts thereof walls, panels B32B2607/00
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2457/20 : Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2551/00 : Optical elements
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2571/02 : defensive, e.g. armour plates, anti-ballistic clothing camouflage nets B32B2459/00
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2597/00 : Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 3/14 : characterised by a face layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side B32B5/02 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 7/022 : Mechanical properties
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 7/04 : Interconnection of layers
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 7/12 : using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 9/005 : comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile layered products with at least two ceramic layers composed mainly of ceramic B32B18/00
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 9/04 : comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material next to a glass layer B32B17/06; layered products with at least two ceramic layers composed mainly of ceramic B32B18/00
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/666 : Applying a current during sintering, e.g. plasma sintering [SPS], electrical resistance heating or pulse electric current sintering [PECS]
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/762 : Cubic symmetry, e.g. beta-SiC
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/763 : Spinel structure AB2O4
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/96 : Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/9607 : Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/9653 : Translucent or transparent ceramics other than alumina
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2237/10 : Glass interlayers, e.g. frit or flux
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2237/34 : Oxidic
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2237/343 : Alumina or aluminates
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2237/348 : Zirconia, hafnia, zirconates or hafnates
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2237/36 : Non-oxidic
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2237/361 : Boron nitride
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2237/363 : Carbon
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2237/365 : Silicon carbide
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2237/366 : Aluminium nitride
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2237/368 : Silicon nitride
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2237/58 : Forming a gradient in composition or in properties across the laminate or the joined articles
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2237/70 : Forming laminates or joined articles comprising layers of a specific, unusual thickness
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2237/704 : of one or more of the ceramic layers or articles
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2237/708 : of one or more of the interlayers
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 35/645 : Pressure sintering
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 35/6455 : Hot isostatic pressing
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 37/005 : consisting of glass or ceramic material
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 37/021 : in a direct manner, e.g. direct copper bonding [DCB]
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 37/042 : in a direct manner
• CPC Class Codes: E04F 15/08 : only of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass E04F15/02005 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F24C 15/004 : Windows not in a door
• CPC Class Codes: F24C 15/04 : with transparent panels
• CPC Class Codes: F41H 5/0407 : Transparent bullet-proof laminatesinformative reference: layered products essentially comprising glass in general B32B17/06, e.g. B32B17/10009; manufacture or composition of glass, e.g. joining glass to glass C03; permanent multiple-glazing windows, e.g. with spacing therebetween, E06B3/66

Abstract

The invention relates to a transparent composite material for various applications, having crystalline and amorphous inorganic materials with improved material properties.

Claims

1. Composite material, comprising amorphous inorganic material is directly bonded to a transparent crystalline inorganic material.

2. Composite material according to claim 1, wherein the amorphous inorganic material is a glass or a metal.

3. Composite material according to claim 1, wherein the transparent crystalline inorganic material is a monocrystal or a polycrystalline ceramics.

4. Composite material according to claim 1, wherein the transparent crystalline inorganic material is selected from oxides of the compounds comprising Al and/or Mg and/or yttrium;

nitrides, oxynitrides or sulfides of aluminum or silicon;

oxides of zirconium and/or yttrium, aluminum oxynitride;

zinc sulfide;

silicon carbide, boron carbide, boron nitride, carbon, lanthanum-doped lead zirconate titanate, or fluoride of Ca and/or Mg and/or aluminum having up to 5% dopants of the group consisting of the lanthanoids and/or actinides and/or ferrous or non-ferrous metals, or mixtures thereof.

5. Composite material according to claim 1, wherein the amorphous inorganic material has an index of refraction of >

1.6.

6. Composite material according to claim 1, wherein the composite material has a temperature resistance of at least >

400°

C.

7. Composite material according to claim 1, wherein the amorphous inorganic material and/or the crystalline inorganic material have a compressive stress of >

10 MPa, at least in part, in the composite material.

8. Composite material according to claim 1, wherein the amorphous inorganic material has a minimum viscosity of log(η

)≤

15, during production.

9. Composite material according to claim 1, wherein between the two temperatures of 20-300°

C. and a volume ratio of amorphous inorganic material to crystalline inorganic material of >

1, the coefficients of thermal expansion deviate from one another by Δ

CTE≥

0.1·

10<sup>−

6</sup> K<sup>−

1</sup>, the CTE_amorphous being greater than the CTE_crystalline.

10. Composite material according to claim 9, wherein the crystalline inorganic material, preferably ceramics, is significantly thinner than the amorphous inorganic material, the thickness ratio of crystalline to amorphous being ≤

1;

2.

11. Composite material according to claim 1, wherein between the two temperatures of 20-300°

C. and a volume ratio of amorphous inorganic material to crystalline inorganic material of <

1, the coefficients of thermal expansion deviate from one another by Δ

CTE≥

0.1·

10<sup>−

6</sup> K<sup>−

1</sup>, the CTE_amorphous being less than the CTE_crystalline.

12. Composite material according to claim 11, wherein the width of the amorphous inorganic layer between two crystalline inorganic layers is <

5 mm.

13. Composite material according to claim 1, wherein the amorphous inorganic material is formed together with the transparent crystalline inorganic material, by means of transient bonding between softened inorganic material and crystalline material, and exhibits an integral bond after cooling.

14. Composite material according to claim 1, wherein the bond is created by joining surfaces having a roughness R_a of <

1 μ

m.

15. Use of the composite material according to claim 1 as a screen, ballistic protective glass, spectacles glass, watch glass, steps, glass that can be walked on, dive computers, recessed floor luminaires, scanner disks, visors, sensors, camera ports, optical lenses, furnace windows, machine panes, or housings for intracorporeal use.