THERMOCHROMIC FENESTRATION FILMS CONTAINING VANADIUM DIOXIDE NANOCRYSTALS

• US 20200131328A1
• Filed: 06/28/2018
• Published: 04/30/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 06/28/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Texas A&M University System
• Original Assignee: Texas A&M University System
• Inventors: BANERJEE, Sarbajit, PELCHER, Kate E., FLEER, Nathan A.
• Granted Patent: US 11,873,383 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• CPC Class Codes: C01G 31/02 Oxides
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2002/72 by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2002/82 by IR- or Raman-data
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2002/84 by UV- or VIS- data
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2004/04 obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2004/16 Nanowires or nanorods, i.e. solid nanofibres with two nearly equal dimensions between 1-100 nanometer
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2004/64 Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2004/84 one phase coated with the other
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2006/60 Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
• CPC Class Codes: C08K 2201/011 Nanostructured additives
• CPC Class Codes: C08K 3/22 of metals
• CPC Class Codes: C08K 7/08 Oxygen-containing compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C08K 9/02 Ingredients treated with inorganic substances
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 1/00 Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 5/26 Thermosensitive paints
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 7/61 inorganic
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 9/00 Tenebrescent materials, i.e. materials for which the range of wavelengths for energy absorption is changed as a result of excitation by some form of energy

Abstract

Vanadium oxide nanomaterial composite compositions and substrates including films comprising vanadium oxide nanomaterial composite compositions are described. A film and composition generally including a polymeric matrix; and a crystalline vanadium oxide nanomaterial dispersed in the polymeric matrix, wherein the crystalline vanadium oxide nanomaterial comprises a smallest dimension between about 100 nm and about 5 nm.

Claims

1. A composition comprising:

a polymeric matrix; and

a crystalline vanadium oxide nanomaterial dispersed in the polymeric matrix, wherein the crystalline vanadium oxide nanomaterial comprises an average smallest dimension between about 100 nm and about 5 nm.

2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the crystalline vanadium oxide nanomaterial has an average smallest dimension chosen from between about 50 nm and about 5 nm, about 50 nm and about 10 nm, and about 15 nm and about 5 nm.

3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the crystalline vanadium oxide nanomaterial has an average smallest dimension of about 40 nm.

4. The composition of claim 1, wherein the crystalline vanadium oxide nanomaterial is a nanomaterial chosen from a nanoparticle, a nanowire, a nanorod, a nanosphere, a nanostar, and combinations thereof.

5. The composition of claim 1, wherein the crystalline vanadium oxide nanomaterial has an insulator-metal electronic transition at a temperature between about −

20°

C. and about 100°

C.

6. The composition of claim 5, wherein the insulator-metal electronic transition is accompanied by a modulation of near-infrared (NIR) light transmittance.

7. The composition of claim 6, wherein an integrated modulation of light transmittance between about 680 nm and about 2,500 nm is between about 5% and about 75%.

8. The composition of claim 6, wherein an onset of modulation of NIR light transmittance occurs between about 680 nm and about 1750 nm.

9. The composition of claim 1, wherein a dried weight:

weight ratio of crystalline vanadium oxide nanomaterials to polymeric matrix is between about 0.01 to about 0.6.

10. The composition of claim 1, wherein the crystalline vanadium oxide nanomaterial is encapsulated in an amorphous or crystalline matrix including a material chosen from an oxide, oxyhalide, oxyhydroxide, hydroxide, carbide, sulfide, selenide, and combinations thereof.

11. The composition of claim 10, wherein the amorphous matrix comprises a material chosen from silicon oxide, titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, zinc oxide, hafnium oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, molybdenum oxide, and combinations thereof.

12. The composition claim 1, wherein the polymeric matrix comprises a polymeric material chosen from a cellulosic polymer, a polycarbonate, a polyimide, a polyurethane, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene terephthalate, and an acrylic acid/acrylate copolymer.

13. The composition of claim 1, wherein the crystalline vanadium oxide nanomaterial is well dispersed within the polymeric matrix.

14. A substrate having a surface, wherein the surface comprises a film comprising:

a polymeric matrix; and

a crystalline vanadium oxide nanomaterial dispersed in the polymeric matrix, wherein the crystalline vanadium oxide nanomaterial comprises a smallest dimension between about 5 nm and about 100 nm.

15. The substrate of claim 14, wherein the substrate is part of a fenestration element.

16. The substrate of claim 15, wherein the fenestration element is selected from the group consisting of a window unit, an insulating glass unit, a skylight, a glazed door, and an automotive lamination.

17. The substrate of claim 14, wherein the film has a thickness of 10 nm to 50 microns.

18. The substrate of claim 14, wherein the substrate includes a material chosen from glass, silicon oxide, sapphire, alumina, polymer, plastic, and indium tin oxide-coated glass.

19. The substrate of claim 14, wherein an integrated modulation of visible light transmittance of the film is between about 0% and about 50%.

20. The substrate of claim 14, wherein an integrated modulation of NIR transmittance of the film is between about 5% and about 90%.

21. The substrate of claim 14, wherein an integrated modulation of total solar transmittance of the film is between about 5% and about 50%.