METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION

• US 3,704,949 A
• Filed: 06/22/1970
• Issued: 12/05/1972
• Est. Priority Date: 06/22/1970
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Carlton E. Thomas, Gary D. Cochran
• Original Assignee: Carlton E. Thomas, Gary D. Cochran
• Inventors: Cochran, Gary D., Thomas, Carlton E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wibert, Ronald L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Evans, F. L.
• Application Number:
  US05/048,373
• Time in Patent Office: 897 Days
• Field of Search: 350/3.5,6,7,162SF,285 356/71
• US Class Current: 356/71
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 10/88 Image or video recognition using optical means, e.g. reference filters, holographic masks, frequency domain filters or spatial domain filters
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/1365 Matching; Classification
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/257 electronically G07C9/26 takes precedence

Abstract

A method and apparatus for creating an encoded fingerprint card which consists of a hologram of a fingerprint created by a main illuminating beam and a reference beam on a sensitive photographic plate and the use of the encoded fingerprint in a matched filter correlator in real time wherein the fingerprint of a subject can be introduced into the system and correlated with the encoded information to verify identity between the original encoded information and the person claiming identity therewith. The system includes a means for creating relative motion between the fingerprint transform image and the transform plane filter in the form of a hologram to insure proper alignment at some place between said image and said filter to produce light output correlation peaks even when the image or the filter or both are mechanically misaligned.

Claims

1. An apparatus for providing security and identification which utilizes a recorded hologram of personal data and correlates said data optically in a complex filter correlation with a transform of real time data input comprising:

a. a source of coherent light to provide an illuminating beam and a transform lens in said beam to create a transform plane, b. first means in said illuminating beam responsive to the surface impression of a finger to display a fingerprint to alter the beam in a phase modulation with the data of said print, c. second means spaced from said source and said first means and in the path of said beam for supporting a pre-recorded hologram of a fingerprint of an individual to serve as a filter in the transform plane of the system, d. light responsive means positioned to receive the phase modulated beam as altered by said data and said pre-recorded hologram at a correlation output plane to respond to the light output of the optical matching of said filters to indicate the existence of matching or non-matching, e. a correlation indicator responsive to a predetermined light output at said light responsive means to register correlation matching, f. a plurality of optical elements mounted in said beam between said first means and said second means, each of said elements serving to direct the optical path at an oblique angle to the path of said beam, and g. means to move said elements in opposite directions at different speeds to cause the data input to scan a prescribed area of recorded data on the optical axis at the transform plane to insure momentary alignment registration for light transmission when said data is matching.

2. An apparatus as defined in claim 1 in which means is interposed in said beam adjacent the transform plane to block out the sweep of D.C. light adjacent the center of the optical path to prevent false signals reaching said light responsive means.

3. An apparatus as defined in claim 2 in which said optical elements are disposed relative to said beam to provide a resultant sweep angle of deviation of said beam which confines the D.C. light of the beam to the area of the D.C. block.

4. An apparatus as defined in claim 1 in which a light mask having one or more light slits therein is mounted in said beam at the correlation output plane, means to move said slits across said beam in repetitive motion to develop a series of light peaks when correlation occurs, said last means being operated at a frequency greater than the frequency of motion of said optical elements.

5. An apparatus as defined in claim 1 in which said optical elements comprises refractive plates mounted at different angles relative to the path of said beam, and the means to move said elements comprise:

a. a first mounting ring surrounding one optical element and provided with an annular face to be driven and a first annular drive surface on a plane normal to the axis of said ring, b. a second mounting ring surrounding a second optical element provided with a second annular surface to be driven and lying in a plane normal to the axis of said ring, c. means to mount said rings for rotation on an axis parallel to and substantially coincident with the path of said beam, said first and second surfaces having different radial dimensionS, and d. drive rollers lying between said drive surfaces rotatable on axes radial to said rings and having annular surfaces with radial dimension to contact each of said first and second drive surfaces wherein rotation of said first mounting ring in one direction will effect an opposite rotation of said second mounting ring at a different speed.

6. An apparatus for providing security and identification which utilizes a recorded hologram of personal data and correlates said data optically in a complex filter correlation with a transform of real time data input comprising:

a. a complex filter correlation system utilizing a coherent light beam, a transform lens to establish a transform plane in said beam, means to support data in said beam at a selected input plane, and means including a reconstruction lens to establish a correlation output plane, b. means forming a transparent surface on said data supporting means at said input plane for registering the fingerprint of a person to be identified and forming a Fourier transform thereof, c. a formed hologram of a fingerprint of a person to be identified at the transform plane, d. an indicator means at the correlation output plane responsive to reconstruction of a correlated reference beam for indicating correlation of the input print and the formed hologram print, and e. means between said input plane and said transform plane movable to sweep said Fourier transform over said formed hologram to obtain momentary alignment registration to permit reference beam reconstruction when said transform and formed hologram are identical.

7. An apparatus as defined in claim 6 in which a D.C. mask is provided at the transform plane to block the sweep of D.C. light in said correlation system from said indicator means.

8. A method of providing a personal security and identification system in a complex filter correlation which comprises:

a. taking an impression of a fingerprint of an individual in translucent oil on a transparent surface, b. placing said impression in a beam of coherent light to form a Fourier transform, c. placing a formed hologram of a fingerprint of a person to be identified at a transform plane in said beam downstream from said fingerprint impression, d. rotating a plurality of refractive elements in said beam between said impression and said formed hologram at different speeds and differing refractive angles to cause a sweeping of the Fourier transform formed by said impression on said formed hologram to facilitate momentary alignment, e. moving a light mask having one or more light slits across said beam at a correlation output plane to interrupt said beam at a frequency greater than the frequency of rotation of the refractive elements, and f. determining correlation and identity with an indicator device responsive to light peaks resulting from correspondence of the transform of the impressed fingerprint and the formed hologram.

9. A method as defined in claim 8 which includes a. placing an opaque disc at the center of said beam at the transform plane to block the moving beam of D.C. light from the correlation output.