CRYSTAL MAGNETOMETER AND GRADIOMETER
First Claim
1. A system for measuring magnetic fields comprising means for modulating a first magnetic field to be measured, means for producing a second magnetic field having a frequency H1 perpendicular to said first magnetic field, a paramagnetic crystal for measuring magnetic fields having components in the direction of said first magnetic field, said paramagnetic crystal exhibiting nuclear magnetic resonance of a frequency related to the magnetic intensity of a component magnetic field to be measured when said crystal is exposed to said first magnetic field, means for varying the frequency of said second magnetic field, means responsive to the energy absorbed by said crystal for providing an energy absorption signal, means responsive to said energy absorption signal for determining when said frequency of said second magnetic field is equal to the nuclear magnetic resonance frequency of said paramagnetic crystal, means responsive to said energy absorption signal for providing a signal proportional to the second differential with respect to time of said energy absorption signal, and means responsive to said signal proportional to the second differential of said absorption signal for providing an indication of the point gradient in said paramagnetic crystal.
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Abstract
A sensor for measuring component magnetic fields utilizing a first magnetic field to be measured, and a perpendicular second magnetic field. The fields are modulated by first and second coils individually wound around first and second nonmagnetic cores. The nonmagnetic cores are hollow and intersect. A paramagnetic crystal is located at the intersection of the cores and is oriented to provide a maximum nuclear magnetic resonance signal. In one embodiment, a magnetometer is employed which includes a sweep generator, marginal oscillator, feedback loop and the sensor for determining the magnitude of the component magnetic field to be measured. An alternative embodiment utilizes a sweep generator, marginal oscillator, differentiating network and the sensor for determining the point gradient of the fiel to be measured.
6 Citations
1 Claim
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1. A system for measuring magnetic fields comprising means for modulating a first magnetic field to be measured, means for producing a second magnetic field having a frequency H1 perpendicular to said first magnetic field, a paramagnetic crystal for measuring magnetic fields having components in the direction of said first magnetic field, said paramagnetic crystal exhibiting nuclear magnetic resonance of a frequency related to the magnetic intensity of a component magnetic field to be measured when said crystal is exposed to said first magnetic field, means for varying the frequency of said second magnetic field, means responsive to the energy absorbed by said crystal for providing an energy absorption signal, means responsive to said energy absorption signal for determining when said frequency of said second magnetic field is equal to the nuclear magnetic resonance frequency of said paramagnetic crystal, means responsive to said energy absorption signal for providing a signal proportional to the second differential with respect to time of said energy absorption signal, and means responsive to said signal proportional to the second differential of said absorption signal for providing an indication of the point gradient in said paramagnetic crystal.
Specification
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Current AssigneeJohn F. Scarzello
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Original AssigneeJohn F. Scarzello
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InventorsScarzello, John F.
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Primary Examiner(s)Lynch, Michael J.
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Application NumberUS05/043,330Time in Patent Office978 DaysField of Search324/.5E,.5AH 333/24GUS Class Current324/301CPC Class CodesG01R 33/022 Measuring gradientG01R 33/24 for measuring direction or ...
