BLOOD TYPING SYSTEM

• US 3,778,232 A
• Filed: 11/26/1971
• Issued: 12/11/1973
• Est. Priority Date: 11/26/1971
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: John J. Mcmorrow Jr
• Original Assignee: John J. Mcmorrow Jr
• Inventors: McMorrow, John J. Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): Reese, Robert M.
• Application Number:
  US05/202,486
• Time in Patent Office: 746 Days
• Field of Search: 23/253R,259 424/11 195/127 211/71,74 233/26
• US Class Current: 422/65
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 9/06 Test-tube stands; Test-tube holders
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 1/28 Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Qmounting specimens on microscopic slides G02B21/34; means for supporting the objects or the materials to be analysed in electron microscopes H01J37/20 ; laboratory gas handling apparatus B01L5/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/80 involving blood groups or blood types or red blood cells white blood cells G01N33/56972

Abstract

A blood typing system comprises a first section having a plurality of lines of test tube holding means. A second section has a plurality of lines of test tube holding means, each line in said second section associated with only one line in said first section. Receiving means positively aligns each line in said second section with its associated line in said first section. Preferably said second section is a removable centrifuge carrier. Other additional means are disclosed which comprise a better blood typing system.

Claims

2. A blood typing system as in claim 1 including:

indicating means for indicating that adjacent rows of test tubes are related.

3. A blood typing system as in claim 1 including:

switch means for each test tube in a row for indicating either a positive or negative reaction;

logic means for decoding the output from said switch means to indicate the blood type;

printing means for printing the decoded output of said logic means.

4. A blood typing system as in claim 1 including a loading cursor for enabling the test tubes to be loaded accurately.

5. A blood typing system as in claim 1 wherein:

said second section is a centrifuge carrier.

6. A blood typing system as in claim 5 wherein:

said keys include pins to align with holes in said centrifuge carriers.

7. A blood typing system as in claim 5 wherein:

said coded keying means is an extension of said first section and includes keys associated with said coded keying means for aligning said centrifuge carriers.

8. A blood typing system as in claim 7 wherein:

each of said keys aligns only one of a plurality of said centrifuge carriers.

9. A blood typing system as in claim 1 including:

loading means for adding predetermined quantities of reagent material to test tubes in said tube-holding means.

10. A blood typing system as in claim 9 wherein said loading means includes:

support means for holding a plurality of reagent holding bottles in a row and upside down;

dispensing means for simultaneously adding predeter-mined quantities of reagent material from said reagent holding bottles to a plurality of test tubes in a row;

transport means for carrying said support means to a positive position with respect to each row.

11. A blood typing sytem as in claim 10 including agitating means for suspending red blood cell in the reagent material.

12. A blood typing system as in claim 10 further comprising agitation means associated with some of the reagent holding bottles to agitate the contained reagent.

13. A blood typing system as in claim 1 wherein:

said first section supports the test tubes at a higher level than said second section allowing temperature control fluid to contact said second section only.

14. A blood typing system as in claim 13 including:

a temperature control fluid to control the temperature of the test tubes in said second section, and temperature control means for regulating the temperature of said temperature control fluid;

said temperature control means comprising first reservoir means for holding fluid at a temperature higher than a predetermined temperature, second reservoir means for holding fluid at a temperature lower than the predetermined temperature, and mixing means for mixing the two fluids together for obtaining temperature control fluid at the predetermined temperature.

15. A blood typing system as in claim 14 further comprising a third reservoir means containing fluid at a temperature higher than the temperature of the fluid in said first reservoir means, and tube means immersed in said first reservoir means for conducting the fluid in said third reservoir means from and back to Said third reservoir means for controlling the temperature of the fluid in said first reservoir means.

16. A blood typing system as in claim 15 wherein the temperature of the fluid in said third reservoir means is about 57* C.

17. A blood typing system as in claim 14 wherein said temperature control means includes:

a first reservoir means maintaining the temperature control fluid at a high temperature;

a second reservoir means maintaining the temperature control fluid at a low temperature; and

first closed fluid means circulating said temperature control fluid from said first and second reservoir means to parts of said first and second sections and back to said first and second reservoir means for maintaining the temperature of the test tubes in said parts of said first and second sections at a predetermined temperature.

18. A blood typing system as in claim 17 including:

a third reservoir means maintaining the temperature control fluid at a very high temperature;

second closed fluid circulating means circulating said temperature control fluid from said third reservoir means through said first reservoir means and back to said third reservoir means for maintaining said first reservoir means at the high temperature.

19. A blood typing system as in claim 18 wherein said third temperature reservoir is a test tube bath.

20. A blood typing system comprising:

a first section having a plurality of rows of test tube-holding means;

a second section having a plurality of rows of test tube-holding means, each row in said second section associated with only one row in said first section;

connecting means for positively aligning each row in said second section with its associated row in said first section;

indicating means for indicating that adjacent rows of test tubes are related;

said indicating means including a rotatable axial bipartite cylindrical bar between adjacent rows of test tube-holding means in said first section.

21. A blood typing system comprising:

a first section having a plurality of rows of test tube-holding means;

a second section having a plurality of rows of test tube-holding means, each row in said second section associated with only one row in said first section;

connecting means for positively aligning each row in said second section with its associated row in said first section;

loading means for adding predetermined quantities of reagent material to test tubes in said tube-holding means;

said loading means including support means for holding a plurality of material containers;

dispensing means for simultaneously adding predetermined quantities of reagent material to a plurality of test tubes in a row;

transport means for carrying said support means to a positive position with respect to each row;

said dispensing means including first valve means for preventing the flow of reagent material back into the material containers;

open injection means for controlling the flow of reagent material to the test tubes;

second valve means connected to said injection means for preventing the flow of atmospheric air into said injection means; and

control means for operating said injection means dispensing reagent material into the test tubes.

22. A blood typing system comprising:

a first section having a plurality of rows of test tube-holding means;

a second section having a plurality of rows of test tube-holding means, each row in said second section associated with only one row in said first section;

connecting means for positively aligning each row in said second section with its associated row in said first section;

loading means for adding predetermined quantities of reagent material to test tubes in said tube-holding means;

said loading means including support means for holding a plurality of material containers;

dispensing means for simultaneously adding predetermined quantities of reAgent material to a plurality of test tubes in a row;

transport means for carrying said support means to a positive position with respect to each row;

said injection means measuring the reagent material dispensed.

23. A blood typing system comprising:

a first section having a plurality of rows of test tube-holding means;

a second section having a plurality of rows of test tube-holding means, each row in said second section associated with only one row in said first section;

connecting means for positively aligning each row in said second section with its associated row in said first section;

loading means for adding predetermined quantities of reagent material to test tubes in said tube-holding means;

said loading means including support means for holding a plurality of material containers;

dispensing means for simultaneously adding predetermined quantities of reagent material to a plurality of test tubes in a row;

transport means for carrying said support means to a positive position with respect to each row;

said dispensing means including first pipe means connected to the material containers;

a movable chamber normally aligned with said pipe means accepting reagent material from said material containers;

second pipe means for adding predetermined quantities of reagent material to the reagent tubes;

conveying means for moving said movable chamber out of flowable alignment with said first pipe means and into flowable alignment with said second pipe means.

24. A blood typing system comprising a rack having means for holding a plurality of test tubes each containing a mixture of blood specimens of a particular patient and a predetermined reagent, a switch means associated with each of said test tube-holding means having a position for indicating a positive reaction, logic means connected to said switch means for decoding the pattern of positive indications to determine the type of blood of the particular patient, and display means connected and responsive to said logic means to visually display the patient'"'"''"'"'s blood type.

25. The blood typing system of claim 24 further comprising patient indicating means associated with each grouped plurality of test tube-holding means, said logic means and said display means being responsive to said patient indicating means to identify the patient in the visual display of the patient'"'"''"'"'s blood type.