ABRASION RESISTANT GAS GENERATING COMPOSITIONS FOR USE IN INFLATING SAFETY CRASH BAGS

• US 3,779,823 A
• Filed: 11/18/1971
• Issued: 12/18/1973
• Est. Priority Date: 11/18/1971
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Raymond M. Price, Russell Reed
• Original Assignee: Raymond M. Price, Russell Reed
• Inventors: Price, Raymond M., Reed, Russell
• Primary Examiner(s): Padgett, Benjamin R.
• Application Number:
  US05/200,172
• Time in Patent Office: 761 Days
• Field of Search: 149/19,20,35 208/15AB
• US Class Current: 149/19.4
• CPC Class Codes: C06B 35/00 Compositions containing a metal azide
• CPC Class Codes: C06B 45/10 the organic component containing a resin
• CPC Class Codes: C06D 5/06 by reaction of two or more solids

Abstract

An abrasion resistant granular gas generating composition comprising a metallic azide, oxidizers for the azide, and a small amount of a novel cured polymeric binder having a relatively high oxygen content and prepared entirely from solid binder ingredients having a melting point in the range of 45* C to 130* C. The compositions are resistant to abrasion during long storage periods and when ignited produce predominately non-toxic gases.

Claims

2. The composition as in claim 1 wherein the metallic azides are alkali metal azides selected from the group consisting of sodium azide, lithium azide, and potassium azide.

3. The composition as in claim 1 wherein the azide is sodium azide.

4. The composition as in claim 1 wherein the metallic sulfides are selected from the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide, antimony trisulfide, bismuth sulfide, ferrous sulfide, stannous sulfide, and tungsten disulfide.

5. The composition as in claim 4 wherein the metallic sulfide is molybdenum disulfide.

6. The composition as in claim 1 wherein the oxidizers for the azide are a mixture of molybdenum disulfide and sulfur.

7. The composition as in claim 1 wherein the cured binder is the reaction product of a solid organic diisocyanate, a solid polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 2,000 to 6,000, and a solid multifunctional hydroxyl curing agent.

8. The composition as in claim 7 wherein the components of the binder are solids with melting points in the range of 45* C to 130* C.

9. The composition as in claim 7 wherein the solid organic diisocyanate is bitolylene diisocyanate.

10. The composition as in claim 7 wherein the solid polyethylene glycol is polyethylene glycol of the molecular weight of 4,000.

11. The composition as in claim 7 wherein the solid polyethylene glycol is a multifunctional hydroxyl-terminated copolymer of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide containing at least 70 percent ethylene oxide with a melting point in the range of 45* C to 130* C.

12. The composition as in claim 7 wherein the solid multifunctional hydroxyl curing agent is trimethylol propane.

13. An abrasion resistant granular gas generating composition for inflating safety crash bags consisting essentially of from 50 to 70 percent by weight of metallic azide, 25 percent to 50 percent by weight of at least one oxidizer for the azide selected from the group consisting of metallic sulfides, metallic oxides, and sulfur, and 3 percent to 5 percent by weight of cured polyether based polyurethane binder having a high oxygen content.

14. The composition as in claim 13 wherein the metallic azides are alkali metal azides selected from the group consisting of sodium azide, lithium azide, and potassium azide.

15. The composition as in claim 13 wherein the azide is sodium azide.

16. The composition as in claim 13 wherein the metallic sulfides are selected from the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide, antimony trisulfide, bismuth sulfide, ferrous sulfide, stannous sulfide, and tungsten disulfide.

17. The composition as in claim 16 wherein the metallic sulfide is molybdenum disulfide.

18. The composition as in claim 13 wherein the oxidizers for the azide are a mixture of molybdenum disulfide and sulfer.

19. The composition as in claim 13 wherein the cured binder is the reaction product of a solid organic diisocyanate, a solid polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 2,000 to 6,000, and a solid multifunctional hydroxyl curing agent.

20. The composition as in claim 19 wherein the components of the binder are solids with melting points in the range of 45* C to 130* C.

21. The composition as in claim 19 wherein the solid organic diisocyanante is bitolylene diisocyanate.

22. The composition as in claim 19 wherein the solid polyethylene glycol is polyethylene glycol of the molecular weight of 4,000.

23. The composition as in claim 19 wherein the solid polyethylene glycol is a multifunctional hydroxyl-terminated copolymer of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide containing at least 70 percent ethylene oxide with a melting point in the range of 45* C to 130* C.

24. The composition as in claim 19 wherein the solid multifunctional hydroxyl curing agent is trimethylol propane.

25. The composition as in claim 1 wherein the metallic oxide is selected from the group consisting of molybdenum trioxide, tungsten trioxide, and vanadium pentoxide.

26. A method of making an abrasion resistant granular gas generating composition utilizing all solid ingredients, said composition consisting essentially of a metallic azide;

at least one oxidizer for the azide selected from the group consisting of metallic sulfides, metallic oxides, and sulfur; and

a cured polymeric binder based upon curable polymer forming solid binder components having melting points in the range of 45* C to 130* C. said method comprising the steps of;

a. grinding separately the individual polymer forming binder components;

b. blending the ground polymer forming binder components to produce an intimate mixture of binder component solids;

c. blending the intimate mixture of binder component solids with the metallic azide and at least one oxidizer for the azide to form a composite blend of solids having an average particle diameter of about 12 microns;

d. fluid energy milling the composite blend produced in step (c) to reduce the average particle diameter of the composite blend to about 1 to 3 microns;

e. pressing the product from step (d) to form pellets of gas generating composition;

f. heating the pellets for form and cure the polymeric binder in situ;

g. grinding the pellets to produce granules of abrasion resistant gas generating composition; and

h. collecting the granules.

27. The method as in claim 26 wherein the pellets in step (f) are heated for 20 minutes at 220* F.

28. The method as in claim 26 wherein the metallic azide, the oxidizer for the azide, and the curable polymer forming binder components are blended together and ground in a single step prior to the fluid energy milling step of step (d).

29. The method of claim 26 wherein the azide is sodium azide.

30. The method of claim 26 wherein the oxidizers are molybdenum disulfide and sulfur.

31. The method of claim 26 wherein the curable polymer-forming solid ingredients consist of a solid polyethylene glycol, a solid organic diisocyanante, and a solid curing agent, all components having melting points in the range of 45* C to 130* C.

32. The method as in claim 26 wherein the curable polymer-forming solid ingredients consist of polyethylene glycol of the molecular weight of 4,000, bitolylene diisocyanante, trimethylolpropane, and ferric acetylacetonate.

33. The method as in claim 26 wherein the abrasion resistant granular gas generating composition is prepared consisting of an intimate mixture of 50 percent to 70 percent by weight of sodium azide, 25 percent to 50 percent by weight of molybdenum disulfide, 0.5 pErcent to 5.0 percent by weight of sulfur, and 1 percent to 10 percent by weight of curable polymeric binder.