DIALYSIS APPARATUS

• US 3,814,249 A
• Filed: 04/12/1972
• Issued: 06/04/1974
• Est. Priority Date: 05/25/1970
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Thomas E. Eaton
• Original Assignee: Thomas E. Eaton
• Inventors: Eaton, Thomas E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Spear, Jr., Frank A.
• Application Number:
  US05/243,286
• Time in Patent Office: 783 Days
• Field of Search: 210/96,321,22,87,86
• US Class Current: 210/86
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1656 Apparatus for preparing dialysates
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1664 with temperature control
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1666 by dissolving solids
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1668 Details of containers

Abstract

A dialysis apparatus comprising an elongate flow passage with inlet and outlet ends; valve controlled re-circulating pump means at the outlet end of and establishing a minus pressure in the passage and maintaining the flow of fluid therethrough; a water reservoir with heater means at the inlet end of the flow passage; brine concentrate supply and mixing means communicating with the flow passage downstream of the reservoir; fluid by-pass means in the flow passage downstream of the reservoir and connected with a Kiil device; salinity, flow rate and pressure monitoring means in the flow passage between the brine concentrate supply and mixing means and the fluid by-pass means; valving means related to the monitoring means, blood leak detecting means in the flow passage downstream of the by-pass means and automatic controls for the valving means and responsive to the monitoring and detecting means.

Claims

1. A dialysis apparatus comprising an elongate flow passage with a water inlet at its upstream end and a brine discharge at its downstream end, coupling means at said inlet communicating with a water supply, a reservoir between and communicating with portions of the passage downstream of the inlet, water level control means to control the water level in the reservoir, liquid pump means in and related to the passage upstream of the discharge and including a variable flow valve in said passage and a constant flow liquid pump having a greater flow rate than the rate of flow through the passage and having a suction side communicating with the passage upstream of the variable flow valve and a discharge side communicating with the passage downstream of the variable flow valve, flow control means in the passage between the reservoir and pump means and connected with the variable flow valve to control opening and closing of said valve to control the rAte and volume of fluid drawn upstream through the variable flow valve and recirculated through said pump and affect control of the flow of fluid moved through the passage upstream of the pump means, a duct communicating with the passage between the reservoir and upstream of the flow control means and extending to and communicating with a body of liquid brine concentrate, salinity control means in and between the duct and the passage downstream of the duct to control the amount of concentrate flowing through the duct into the passage, liquid bypass means in the passage between the pump means and the flow control means including a bypass valve with a liquid outlet to connect with the inlet of a hemo dialysis device and a liquid outlet to connect with the outlet of the dialysis device and operable to selectively bypass fluid moving through the passage through said device, said water level control means including a shut-off valve in the passage upstream of the reservoir, a liquid level responsive means in the reservoir connected with said shut-off valve.

2. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said flow control means includes a flow rate sensing means in the passage;

electric operating means to vary opening of the variable flow valve and an electric control circuit between and connected with said sensing means and operating means and including manually operable means to adjust and set the rate of flow.

3. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said flow control means includes a flow rate sensing means in the passage;

electric operating means to vary opening of the variable flow valve and an electric control circuit between and connected with the sensing means and operating means and including manually operable means to adjust and set the rate of flow, said salinity control means including a salinity sensing means in the passage, an electrically operated adjustable flow valve in the duct and an electric control circuit between and connected with the salinity sensing means and the adjustble flow valve and including manually operable means to adjust and set the volume of flow of brine concentrate relative to the volume of flow of water and thereby adjust and set the salinity of the fluid downstream of the salinity sensing means.

4. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said salinity control means includes a salinity sensing means in the passage, an electrically operated adjustable flow valve in the duct and an electric control circuit between and connected with said sensing means and said valve and including manually operable means to adjust and set the volume of flow of brine concentrate relative to the volume of flow of water and thereby control the salinity of the fluid downstream of the salinity sensing means.

5. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said system further includes thermostatically controlled electric water heating means in the reservoir.

6. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said flow control means includes a flow rate sensing means in the passage, electric operating means to vary opening of the variable flow valve and an electric control circuit between and connected with the sensing means and operating means and including manually operable means to adjust and set the rate of flow, said system further including thermostatically controlled electric water heating means in the reservoir.

7. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said flow control means includes a flow rate sensing means in the passage;

electric operating means to vary opening of the variable flow valve and an electric control circuit between and connected with the flow rate sensing means and electric operating means and including manually operable means to adjust and set the rate of flow, said salinity control means including a salinity sensing means in the passage, an electrically operated adjustable flow valve in the duct and an electric control circuit between and connected with the salinity sensing means and the adjustable flow valvE and including manually operable means to adjust and set the volume of flow of brine concentrate relative to the volume of flow of water and thereby controlling the salinity of the fluid downstream of the salinity sensing means, said system further including thermostatically controlled electric water heating means in the reservoir.

8. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said salinity control means includes a salinity sensing means in the passage, an electrically operated adjustable flow valve in the duct and an electric control circuit between and connected with the sensing means and the valve and including manually operable means to adjust and set the salinity of the fluid downstream of the sensing means, said system further including thermostatically controlled electric water heating means in the reservoir.

9. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said system further includes thermostatically controlled electric water heating means in the reservoir, fluid pressure control means to control the fluid pressure in the passage between the reservoir and pump means and including a fluid pressure sensing means in the passage between the bypass valve and the duct, an electrically operated metering valve in the passage between the duct and fluid pressure sensing means and an electric control circuit between and connected with the pressure sensing means and the metering valve and including manually operable means to adjust and set the pressure in the system.

10. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said flow control means includes a flow rate sensing means in the flow passage;

electric operating means to vary opening of the variable flow valve and an electric control circuit between and connected with the flow rate sensing means and electric operating means and including manually operable means to adjust and set the rate of flow, said system further including thermostatically controlled electric water heating means in the reservoir, and fluid pressure control means to control the fluid pressure in the passage between the reservoir and pump means and including a fluid pressure sensing means in the passage between the bypass valve and the duct, an electrically operated metering valve in the passage between the duct and fluid pressure sensing means and an electric control circuit between and connected with the pressure sensing means and the metering valve and including manually operable means to adjust and set the pressure in the system.

11. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said flow control means includes a flow rate sensing means in the passage;

electric operating means to vary opening of the variable flow valve and an electric control circuit between and connected with the flow rate sensing means and electric operating means and including manually operable means to adjust and set the rate of flow, said salinity control means including a salinity sensing means in the passage, an electrically operated adjustable flow valve in the duct and an electric control circuit between and connected with the salinity sensing means and the adjustable flow valve and including manually operable means to adjust and set the volume of flow of brine concentrate relative to the volume of flow of water and thereby control the salinity of the fluid downstream of the salinity sensing means, said apparatus further including thermostatically controlled electric water heating means in the reservoir, and fluid pressure control means to control the pressure in the passage between the reservoir and pump means and including a fluid pressure sensing means in the passage between the bypass valve and the duct, an electrically operated metering valve in the passage between the duct and fluid pressure sensing means and an electric control circuit between and connected with the pressure sensing means and the metering valve and including meanually operable means to adjust and set the pressure in the system.

12. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said salinity cOntrol means includes a salinity sensing means in the passage, an electrically operated adjustable flow valve in the duct and an electric control circuit between and connected with the salinity sensing means and the adjustable flow valve and including manually operable means to adjust and set the volume of flow of brine concentrate relative to the volume of flow of water and thereby adjust and set the salinity of the fluid downstream of the salinity sensing means, said apparatus further including thermostatically controlled electric water heating means in the reservoir, and fluid pressure control means to control the fluid pressure in the passage between the reservoir and pump means and including a fluid pressure sensing means in the flow passage between the bypass valve and the duct, an electrically operated metering valve in the passage between the duct and fluid pressure sensing means and an electric control circuit between and connected with the pressure sensing means and the metering valve and including manually operable means to adjust and set the pressure in the system.

13. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said system further includes thermostatically controlled electric water heating means in the reservoir and fluid pressure control means to control the fluid pressure in the passage between the reservoir and pump means and including a fluid pressure sensing means in the passage between the bypass valve and the duct, an electrically operated metering valve in the passage between the duct and fluid pressure sensing means and an electric control circuit between and connected with the pressure sensing means and the metering valve and including manually operable means to adjust and set the pressure in the system, and blood leak detecting means downstream of the bypass valve and including a photo-electric means in the passage responsive to the light conductivity of the fluid in the passage and electric control and signaling means connected with the photo-electric means.

14. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said flow control means includes a flow rate sensing means in the passage;

electric operating means to vary opening of the variable flow valve and an electric control circuit between and connected with the flow rate sensing means and electric operating means and including manually operable means to adjust and set the rate of flow, said apparatus further including thermostatically controlled electric water heating means in the reservoir, and fluid pressure control means to control the fluid pressure in the passage between the reservoir and pump means and including a fluid pressure sensing means in the passage between the bypass valve and the duct, an electrically operated metering valve in the flow passage between the duct and fluid pressure sensing means and an electric control circuit between and connected with the pressure sensing means and the metering valve and including manually operable means to adjust and set the pressure in the system, and blood leak detecting means downstream of the bypass means and including a photo-electric means in the passage responsive to the light conductivity of the fluid in the passage and electric control and signaling means connected with the photo-electric means.

15. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said flow control means includes a flow rate sensing means in the passage, electric operating means to vary opening of the variable flow valve and an electric control circuit between and connected with the flow rate sensing means and electric operating means and including manually operable means to adjust and set the rate of flow, said salinity control means including a salinity sensing means in the passage, an electrically operated adjustable flow valve in the duct and an electric control circuit between and connected with the salinity sensing means and the adjustable flow valve and including manually operable means to adjust and set the volume of flow of concentrate relative to the voluMe of flow of water and thereby adjust and set the salinity of the fluid downstream of the salinity sensing means, said apparatus further including thermostatically controlled electric water heating means in the reservoir, and fluid pressure control means to control the fluid pressure in the passage between the reservoir and pump means and including a fluid pressure sensing means in the passage between the bypass valve and the duct, an electrically operated metering valve in the passage between the duct and fluid pressure sensing means and an electric control circuit between and connected with the pressure sensing means and the metering valve and including manually operable means to adjust and set the pressure in the system, and blood leak detecting means downstream of the bypass valve and including a photo-electric means in the passage responsive to the light conductivity of the fluid in the passage and electric control and signaling means connected with the photo-electric means.

16. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said salinity control means includes a salinity sensing means in the passage, an electrically operated adjustable flow valve in the duct and an electric control circuit between and connected with the salinity sensing means and the adjustable flow valve and including manually operable means to adjust and set the volume of flow of brine concentrate relative to the volume of flow of water and thereby adjust and set the salinity of the fluid downstream of the salinity sensing means, said apparatus further including thermostatically controlled electric water heating means in the reservoir, and fluid pressure control means to control the fluid pressure in the passage between the reservoir and pump means and including a fluid pressure sensing means in the passage between the bypass valve and the duct, an electrically operated metering valve in the passage between the duct and fluid pressure sensing means and an electric control circuit between and connected with the pressure sensing means and the metering valve and including manually operable means to adjust and set the pressure in the system, and blood leak detecting means downstream of the bypass valve and including a photo-electric means in the passage responsive to the light conductivity of the fluid in the passage and electric control and signalling means connected with the photo-electric means.