METHOD AND MEANS FOR CONTINUOUS DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY

• US 3,858,110 A
• Filed: 05/01/1973
• Issued: 12/31/1974
• Est. Priority Date: 05/05/1972
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Max Breitmeier
• Original Assignee: Max Breitmeier
• Inventors: Breitmeier, Max
• Primary Examiner(s): Goldberg, Gerald
• Application Number:
  US05/356,212
• Time in Patent Office: 609 Days
• Field of Search: 307/39,35,31,32,33,34,38,49,11 323/20
• US Class Current: 307/34
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/52 The controlling of the operation of the load not being the total disconnection of the load, i.e. entering a degraded mode or in current limitation
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/14 by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/30 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/242 Home appliances

Abstract

In the system disclosed, main lines feed a plurality of respective secondary lines. Each of the secondary lines is divided into two branch lines. Within each secondary line, each branch line energizes a different type of load. An output limiter connected into the first branch line limits the output of the first branch line to a predetermined maximum value. An output regulator connected into the second branch line regulates the output of the second branch line so that the total output does not drop below a predetermined minimum value in the secondary line. A voltmeter responding to the terminal voltage of the secondary line forms a control signal for the output of the regulator. In this way, if the first branch line is loaded with household appliances, and the second branch line is loaded with household heating equipment, the output of the first branch line can be kept within the predetermined maximum value and the output of the second branch line can be maintained above or at a minimum permissible terminal voltage.

Claims

1. A method for continuous distribution of electrical energy, which comprises distributing the electrical energy over a plurality of secondary lines each of which is divided into two branches, sensing the output voltage of each of said secondary lines and preventing the voltage in each secondary line from dropping below a defined minimum value;

the steps of sensing and preventing including limiting the output power of a first of each of the two branch lines in each secondary line to less than a predetermined value, and sensing the output voltage of the second of the two branch lines in each of said secondary lines and preventing the total output of each of said secondary lines from dropping below the defined minimum value of each of the secondary lines.

2. The method as in claim 1, further comprising the step of sensing the output power of the second branch line in each of the two branch lines of each secondary line and preventing the total output power of the two branch lines in each secondary line from exceeding the predetermined maximum value.

3. The method as in claim 2, wherein the step of sensing includes metering each of the first branch lines in each of said secondary lines at a point more remote from the load of each secondary line than the point at which the output of the one of the branch lines is limited, supplying the metering signal to each of the second branch lines of each of said secondary lines with metering signal being that of the corresponding first branch lines of each secondary line, and in each secondary line and supplying an output of power of the second branch so that the output power corresponds to the difference between the maximum output for the secondary line and the actual output of the first branch lines.

4. The method as in claim 3, comprising controlling the voltage of the output in the second branch line of each secondary line by voltage regulation.

5. An apparatus for continuous distribution of electrical energy, comprising main lines, distribution means having a plurality of secondary lines having a first branch line and a second branch line, control means having a separate output regulator in each of said secondary lines for controlling said lines, each of said regulators in each of said secondary lines including limiter means in said first branch lines of said secondary line to limit the output of the first branch line to a predetermined maximum value, first meter means in said secondary line for measuring the output of said secondary line, output regulator means in the second branch line and responsive to said first meter means for regulating the output of said second branch line so that the total output of each of said secondary lines remains within a range at and above a predetermined minimum voltage.

6. An apparatus as in claim 5, wherein said regulator means in each of said secondary lines measures the output of each of said secondary lines and regulates the output of said secondary lines so that the total output of the two branch lines does not exceed the predetermined maximum value.

7. An apparatus as in claim 6, wherein said output regulators each includes second output meter means connected in each of said first branch lines at electrical positions more remote from a load than each of said limiter means, said second meter means in each of said secondary lines being coupled to the regulator means in the corresponding one of said secondary lines and controlling the regulator means so that said regulator means regulates the voltage of said second branch in each of said secondary lines so that the voltage corresponds to the difference between the predetermined maximum output for the secondary line and the actual output of the first branch line.

8. An apparatus as in claim 7, wherein said regulator means includes a voltage regulator.

9. An apparatus as in claim 6, wherein said distribution means includes a second plurality of secondary lines, a second regulator in each of said second plurality of lines, meter means responsive to the output of said main line, and a central control device responsive to said meter means for controlling said second regulators.

10. A circuit arrangement for continuous distribution of electrical energy over a plurality of secondary lines of an electrical network, comprising first and second branch lines in each of said secondary lines, in each of said secondary lines, said first branch line being connectible to a first load and said second branch line being connectible to a second load, an output limiter connected in the first branch line to limit the output of the first branch line to a predetermined maximum value, an output regulator connected into the second branch line to regulate the output of the second branch line so that the total output does not drop below a defined minimum value in the secondary line, and a voltmeter responsive to the terminal voltage of said secondary line for forming a control signal for the output regulator.