Pyrotechnic formulation with free oxygen consumption
First Claim
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1. A PYROTECHNIC COMPOSITION ADAPTED, UPON COMBUSTION, FOR GENERATING A LOW-FLAME TEMPERATURE, NON-TOXIC GAS, SAID COMPOSITION PRIOR TO COMBUSTION COMPRISING:
- A FUEL, A METAL CARBONATE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF NICKEL CARBONATE AND MAGNESIUM CARBONATE WHICH ACTS AS A COOLANT, AND AN INORGANIC OXIDIZER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF A METAL CHLORATE, A METAL PERCHLORATE, A METAL NITRATE, AMMONIUM CHLORATE, AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE AND AMMONIUM NITRATE.
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Abstract
This pyrotechnic composition is adapted, upon combustion, for generating a low-flame temperature, non-toxic gas to inflate a vehicle safety bag. The pyrotechnic composition comprises: a fuel, such as a carbonaceous material, aluminum or magnesium; a coolant, such as a metallic carbonate; and an inorganic oxidizer, such as a metal chlorate, a metal perchlorate, a metal nitrate, ammonium chlorate, ammonium perchlorate or ammonium nitrate. In some instances, a metallo-organic compound, such as nickel formate, may be used as the fuel in mixture with or in place of the carbonaceous material, or the aluminum or the magnesium.
21 Citations
11 Claims
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1. A PYROTECHNIC COMPOSITION ADAPTED, UPON COMBUSTION, FOR GENERATING A LOW-FLAME TEMPERATURE, NON-TOXIC GAS, SAID COMPOSITION PRIOR TO COMBUSTION COMPRISING:
- A FUEL, A METAL CARBONATE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF NICKEL CARBONATE AND MAGNESIUM CARBONATE WHICH ACTS AS A COOLANT, AND AN INORGANIC OXIDIZER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF A METAL CHLORATE, A METAL PERCHLORATE, A METAL NITRATE, AMMONIUM CHLORATE, AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE AND AMMONIUM NITRATE.
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2. The pyrotechnic composition according to claim 1 wherein said fuel is selected from tHe group consisting of a carbonaceous material, aluminum and magnesium.
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3. The pyrotechnic composition according to claim 1 wherein said fuel is a metallo-organic compound selected from the group consisting of nickel formate, iron oxalate, magnesium oxalate and aluminum formate.
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4. The pyrotechnic composition according to claim 1 wherein said fuel is a mixture of:
- a compound selected from the group consisting of a carbonaceous material, aluminum and magnesium; and
a metallo-organic compound selected from the group consisting of nickel formate, iron oxalate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxalate and aluminum formate.
- a compound selected from the group consisting of a carbonaceous material, aluminum and magnesium; and
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5. The pyrotechnic composition according to claim 1 comprising:
- from less than 1 to about 10% of a carbonaceous material which acts as the fuel;
from less than 1 to about 50% of a metallic carbonate which acts as the coolant; and
from about 35 to about 75% of an inorganic oxidizer.
- from less than 1 to about 10% of a carbonaceous material which acts as the fuel;
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6. The pyrotechnic composition according to claim 1 comprising:
- from less than 1 to about 10% of a carbonaceous material and from less than 1 to about 30% of a metallo-organic compound, said carbonaceous material and said metallo-organic compound acting as the fuel;
from less than 1 to about 50% of a metallic carbonate as the coolant; and
from about 35 to about 75% of an inorganic oxidizer.
- from less than 1 to about 10% of a carbonaceous material and from less than 1 to about 30% of a metallo-organic compound, said carbonaceous material and said metallo-organic compound acting as the fuel;
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7. The pyrotechnic composition according to claim 1 comprising:
- from about 2 to about 6% carbon as the fuel;
from about 15 to about 45% nickel carbonate as the coolant; and
from about 45 to about 70% potassium chlorate as the oxidizer.
- from about 2 to about 6% carbon as the fuel;
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8. The pyrotechnic composition according to claim 1 comprising:
- from about 2 to about 6% carbon and from about 15 to about 25% nickel formate, said carbon and said nickel formate as the fuel;
from about 15 to about 35% nickel carbonate as the coolant; and
from about 45 to about 70% potassium chlorate as the oxidizer.
- from about 2 to about 6% carbon and from about 15 to about 25% nickel formate, said carbon and said nickel formate as the fuel;
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9. The pyrotechnic composition according to claim 1 comprising:
- about 4% carbon and about 19 1/2 % nickel formate as the fuel;
about 56 1/2 % potassium chlorate as the oxidizer and about 20% nickel carbonate as the coolant.
- about 4% carbon and about 19 1/2 % nickel formate as the fuel;
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10. The pyrotechnic composition according to claim 1 in pellet form.
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11. A process for generating a low-flame temperature, non-toxic gas to inflate a vehicle safety bag, comprising:
- intermixing a fuel;
a coolant selected from the group consisting of nickel carbonate and magnesium carbonate; and
an inorganic oxidizer selected from the group consisting of a metal chlorate, a metal perchlorate, a metal nitrate, ammonium chlorate, ammonium perchlorate and ammonium nitrate;
into a composition; and
causing combustion of said composition after said intermixing of said fuel, coolant and oxidizer.
- intermixing a fuel;
Specification
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Current AssigneeBrian K. Hamilton, Eugene F. Garner
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Original AssigneeBrian K. Hamilton, Eugene F. Garner
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InventorsHamilton, Brian K., Garner, Eugene F.
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Primary Examiner(s)Lechert, Jr., Stephen J.
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Application NumberUS05/395,480Time in Patent Office687 DaysField of Search149/45,42,83,40,43,85,41,46,44,76,61,75,77 280/15AB 102/39US Class Current149/41CPC Class CodesC06B 23/02 for neutralising poisonous ...C06B 41/00 Compositions containing a n...C06B 43/00 Compositions characterised ...C06D 5/06 by reaction of two or more ...
