Battery assembly

• US 3,899,355 A
• Filed: 02/14/1974
• Issued: 08/12/1975
• Est. Priority Date: 02/14/1974
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Charles K. Chiklis
• Original Assignee: Charles K. Chiklis
• Inventors: Chiklis, Charles K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Mack, John H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Lefevour, C. F.
• Application Number:
  US05/442,377
• Time in Patent Office: 544 Days
• Field of Search: 136/111,134,108-110
• US Class Current: 429/153
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0413 Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0468 Compression means for stacks of electrodes and separators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/46 of flat cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

A relatively thin, flat or planar battery is disclosed which includes one or more cells in series relationship each comprising a planar anode in superposed relationship with a planar cathode and a separator disposed intermediate and extending substantially coextensive the facing surfaces of the anode and cathode possessing marginal portions and an aqueous electrolyte permeable central portion. Each cell includes an aqueous electrolyte disposed in the central portion of the separator and in contact with the facing surfaces of both the anode and the cathode and an electrically nonconducting, water-vapor impervious, heatactivated thermosetting adhesive which is the product of the reaction between a thermally dissociated phenol-, alkyl or aryl thiol-, or 1,3-dicarbonyl compound- polyisocyanate or polyisothiocyanate adduct and a polymer containing active hydrogen atoms extending intermediate and providing adhesive contact between the marginal portions of the separator and next adjacent facing surfaces.

Claims

1. A PLANAR BATTEY WHICH COMPRISES, IN COMBINADTION AND IN SUPERPOSED RELATIONSHIP, ELECTRICAL ENERGY GENERATING COMPONENTS INCLUDING:

A. A PLANAR ANODE, B. A PLANAR CATHODE SUPERPOSED SUBSTANTIALLY XOEXTENSIVE THE ANODE, C. A PLANAR SEPARATOR POSITIONED INTERMEDIATE AND EXTENDING SUBSTANTIALLY COEXTENSIVE THE FACING SURFACES OF THE ANODE AND THE CATHODE INCLUDING MARGINAL PORTIONS AND AN AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE PERMEABLE CENTRAL POSITION, D. AN AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE DISPOSED IN THE CENTRAL PORTION OF THE SEPARATOR AND IN CONTACT WITH THE FACING SURFACES OF THE ANODE AND THE CATHODE, AND E. AN ELECTRICALLY NONCONDUCTING, WATER VAPOR IMPERVIOUS HEAT-ACTIVATED THERMOSETTING ADHESIVE EXTENDING COEXTENSIVE THE MARGINAL SURFACES OF THE SEPARATOR AND SECURING THE SEPARATOR TO THE CONTIGUOUS FACING SURFACES OF THE ANODE AND THE CATHODE. SAID ADHESIVE BEING THE PRODUCT OF THE REACTION BETWEEN A POLYMER CONTAINING ACTIVE HYDROGEN ATOMS AND A THEMALLY DISSOCIATED ADDUCT OF A COMPOUND CONTAINING AT LEAST TWO -N=C"X GROUPS WHEREIN X IS SELCTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF OXYGEN AND SULFUR AND THE ADDUCT IS BASED ON A COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF PHENOLS, ALKYL AND ARYL THIOLS AND 1,3-DICARBONYL COMPOUNDS.

2. A planar battery as defined in claim 1 wherein the anode comprises zinc.

3. A planar battery as defined in claim 2 wherein the zinc is secured to the surface of an electrically conductive, gas permeable and water-vapor impermeable polymeric sheet positioned distal the separator.

4. A planar battery as defined in claim 3 wherein the conductive metallic sheet is secured to the surface of the conductive polymeric sheet opposite the zinc.

5. A planar battery as defined in claim 4 wherein the conductive metallic sheet comprises steel.

6. A planar battery as defined in claim 2 wherein the cathode comprises carbon.

7. A planar battery as defined in claim 6 wherein the cathode includes manganese dioxide.

8. A planar battery as defined in claim 7 wherein the carbon and manganese dioxide are disposed in an electrically conductive ionically permeable polymeric matrix.

9. A planar battery as defined in claim 8 wherein the carbon/manganese dioxide mixture is secured to the surface of a conductive carbon retaining polymeric sheet positioned distal the separator.

10. A planar battery as defined in claim 9 wherein a conductive metallic sheet is secured to the surface of the exterior conductive carbon retaining sheet opposite the carbon/manganese mixture.

11. A planar battery as defined in claim 6 wherein the electrolyte comprises zinc chloride and/or ammonium chloride.

12. A planar battery as defined in claim 11 wherein the electrolyte is disposed in an ionically permeable polymeric matrix.

13. A planar battery as defined in claim 12 wherein the separator comprises electrolyte permeable fibrous sheet.

14. A planar battery as defined in claim 1 wherein the marginal portions of the separator comprise electrolyte permeable separator sheet impregnated with said electrically nonconductive, water-vapor impermeable heat-activated thermosetting adhesive in a concentration effective to prevent electrolyte permeation of the marginal portions of the separator sheet.

15. A planar battery as defined in claim 1 wherein said thermally dissociated adduct is the phenol derivative of toluene diisocyanate.

16. A planar battery as defined in claim 1 wherein said polymer containing active hydrogen atoms is selected from a group consisting of polyurethanes, suitably derivatized acrylics, poly-hydroxy ethers, polyesters, polyamides, polyureas, polyamineamides, and water insensitive organo soluble cellulosic derivatives.

17. A planar battery as defined in claim 1 wherein said polymer containing active hydrogen atoms is a bisphenol A type polyhydroxyether.

18. A planar battery comprising a plurality of cells as defined in claim 1 in stacked and series relationship, each cell comprising, in combination:

a. a planar anode;

b. a planar cathode superposed substantially coextensive the anode;

c. a planar separator including marginal portions and an aqueous electrolyte permeable central portion positioned intermediate and extending substantially coextensive the facing surfaces of the anode and the cathode;

d. aqueous electrolyte disposed in the central portion of the separator and in contact with the facing surfaces of the anode and the cathode;

e. an electrolyte impermeable electrically conducting intercell connector positioned intermediate and in coextensive contact with the facing surfaces of each superposed cell; and

f. an electrically nonconducting, water-vapor impermeable heat-activated thermosetting polymeric adhesive extending coextensive the marginal surfaces of each separator and securing the marginal portions of the separators and each next adjacent facing surface, which adhesive is the product of the reaction between a polymer containing active hydrogen atoms, and a thermally dissociated adduct of a compound containing at least two -N C X groups wherein X is selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur and tHe adduct is based on a compound selected from the group consisting of phenols, alkyl and aryl thiols and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds.

19. A planar battery as defined in claim 18 wherein the intercell connector comprises an electrolyte impermeable electrically conducting polymeric sheet material.

20. A planar battery as defined in claim 19 wherein the anode of the first of two superposed cells is adhesively secured to one surface of the intercell connector and the cathode of the second of the superposed cells is adhesively secured to the opposite surface of the connector.