Process and composition for cleaning and imparting water and oil repellency and stain resistance to a substrate

• US 3,901,727 A
• Filed: 03/07/1973
• Issued: 08/26/1975
• Est. Priority Date: 03/08/1971
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Basil L. Loudas
• Original Assignee: Basil L. Loudas
• Inventors: Loudas, Basil L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bashore, S. Leon
• Assistant Examiner(s): Caroff, Marc L.
• Application Number:
  US05/338,935
• Time in Patent Office: 902 Days
• Field of Search: 134/4,26 106/2 8/137 252/89 117/121,141
• US Class Current: 134/4
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 1/004 Surface-active compounds containing F
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 10/04 based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 3/0031 Carpet, upholstery, fur or leather cleansers
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 3/044 Hydroxides or bases
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 3/1213 Oxides or hydroxides, e.g. Al2O3, TiO2, CaO or Ca(OH)2
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 3/2079 Monocarboxylic acids-salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 3/28 Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen in the ring
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 3/30 Amines; Substituted amines ; Quaternized amines
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 3/3765 in liquid compositions

Abstract

Container-stable alkaline cleaning compositions and processes are provided which are effective for cleaning carpets, upholstery and the like, and for imparting water and oil repellency and stain resistance thereto. One such composition comprises in an aqueous medium: detergent, water-dispersible carboxyl-containing material which forms water-insoluble zinc or zirconium salts, a water-dispersible zinc or zirconium coordination complex, a Lewis base, and a fluorochemical compound containing a fluoroaliphatic group and having acid functionality and being capable of imparting water- and oil-repellency to a substrate.

Claims

1. A CONTAINER-STABLE, WATER-DILUTABLE, ALKALINE CLEANING COMPOSITION CAPABLE OF REMOVING SOIL AND STAINS FROM A SUBSTRATE AND IMPARTING WATER AND OIL REPELLENCY AND STAIN RESISTANCE TO SUCH SUBSTRATE, THE COMPOSITION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF IN AN AQUEOUS MEDIUM:

A. ONE PART BY WEIGHT OF AT LEAST ONE WATER-DISPERSIBLE DETERGENT WHICH IS CAPABLE OF DRYING TO A NONOILY, NONTACKY RESIDUE, B. UP TO ABOUT 6.5 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF AT LEAST ONE WATER-DISPERSIBLE ORGANIC CARBOXYL-CONTAINING MATERIAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF;

I. WATER-DISPERSIBLE MONO-CARBOXYLIC ACIDS HAVING EIGHT CARBONS OR MORE, OR ALKALI METAL OR AMMONIUM SALTS THEREOF, AND II. WATER-DISPERSIBLE ALKALI METAL OR AMMONIUM SALTS OF POLYMERS CONTAINING POLY-CARBOXYLIC-ACID FUNCTIONALITY, SAID POLYMERS HVING AT LEAST THREE CARBONS IN THE BACKBONE CHAIN PER CARBOXYL GROUP, SAID CARBOXYL-CONTAINING MATERIAL BEING FREE OF FLUOROALIPHATIC RADICALS AND BEING CAPABLE OF FORMING SOLID, HYDROPHOBIC, WATER-INSOLUBLE ZINC AND ZIRCONIUM SALTS BELOW ABOUT PH 8, C. AT LEAST ONE WATER-DISPERSIBLE LEWIS BASE PRESENT IN AN AMOUNT SUFFICIENT TO TEMPORARILY MAINTAIN SAID COMPOSITION ABOVE ABOUT PH 8 WHEN SAID COMPOSITION IS EXPOSED TO THE ATMOSPHERE UNDER CONDITIONS OF USE, SAID LEWIS BASE BEING SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF AMMONIA, MORPHOLINE, AND VOLATILE ALKYLAMINES, D. AT LEAST ONE ZINC OR ZIRCONIUM COORDINATION COMPLEX WHICH IS WATER-DISPERSIBLE ABOVE ABOUT PH 8 AND WHICH PROVIDES SUFFICIENT ZINC OR ZIRZONIUM IONS BELOW ABOUT PH 8 WHICH ARE CAPABLE OF COMBINING WITH SUBSTANTIALLY ALL OF THE ACIDIC RADICALS PRESENT IN SAID COMPOSITION, AND E. UP TO ABOUT 1.5 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF AT LEAST ONE FLUOROCHEMICAL COMPOUND HAVING ACID FUNCTIONALITY, SAID FLUOROCHEMICAL COMPOUND HAVING THE FORMULA;

(RF) A-X-(A)B, WHERE RF IS A FLUPROALUPHATIC RADICAL, A IS AN INTEGER OF 1 OR MORE, X IS A LINKING GROUP HAVING A VALENCE OF A PLUS B AND BEING LESS ELECTRONEGATIVE THAN A -CF2GROUP, A IS AN ACID GROUP, AND B IS AN INTEGER OF 1 OR MORE, SAID FLUOROCHEMICAL COMPOUND BEING CAPABLE OF IMPARTING WATER AND OIL REPELLENCY TO A SUBSTRATE.

2. A cleaning composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein said Lewis base comprises ammonia.

3. A container-stable, water-dilutable, alkaline cleaning composition capable of removing soil and stains from a substrate and imparting water and oil repellency and stain resistance to such substrate, the composition consisting essentially of in an aqueous medium:

a. one part by weight of at least one water-dispersible detergent which is capable of drying to a nonoily, nontacky residue, b. up to about 5 parts by weight of at least one water-dispersible organic carboxyl-containing material selected from the group consisting of;

i. water-dispersible mono-carboxylic acids having eight carbons or more, or alkali metal or ammonium salts thereof, and ii. water-dispersible alkali metal or ammonium salts of polymers containing poly-carboxylic-acid functionality, said polymers having at least 3 carbons in the backbone chain per carboxyl group;

said carboxyl-containing material being free of fluoroaliphatic radicals and being capable of forming solid, hydrophobic, water-insoluble zinc and zirconium salts below about pH 8, c. at least one water-dispersible Lewis base and at least one water-dispersible salt which, in combination with said Lewis base, forms a buffer system capable of only temporarily maintaining said composition above about pH 8 when said composition is exposed to the atmosphere under conditions of use, said Lewis base being selected from the group consisting of ammonia, morpholine, and volatile alkylamines, d. at least one zinc or zirconium coordination complex which is water-dispersible above about pH 8 and which provides sufficient zinc or zirconium ions below about pH 8 which are capable of combining with substantially all of the acidic radicals present in said composition; and

e. up to about 1.5 parts by weight of at least one fluorochemical compound having acid functionality, said fluorochemical compound having the formula;

(Rf)a-X-(A)b, where Rf is a fluoroaliphatic radical, a is an integer of 1 or more, X is a linking group having a valence of a plus b and being less electronegative than a -CF2- group, A is an acid group, and b is an integer of 1 or more, said fluorochemical compound being capable of imparting water and oil repellency to a substrate.

4. A cleaning composition in accordance with claim 3 wherein said Lewis base comprises ammonia.

5. A cleaning composition in accordance with claim 4 wherein said water-dispersible salt comprises ammonium carbonate.

6. A container-stable, water-dilutable, alkaline cleaning composition capable of removing soil and stains from a substrate and imparting water repellency to such substrate, the composition consisting essentially of in an aqueous medium:

a. one part by weight of at least one water-dispersible detergent which is capable of drying to a nonoily, nontacky residue, b. up to about 6.5 parts by weight of at least one water-dispersible organic carboxyl-containing material selected from the group consisting of;

i. water-dispersible mono-carboxylic acids having eight carbons or more, or alkali metal or ammonium salts thereof, and ii. water-dispersible alkali metal or ammonium salts of polymers containing poly-carboxylic-acid functionality, said polymers having at least three carbons in the backbone chain per carboxyl group;

said carboxyl-containing material being free of fluoroaliphatic radicals and being capable of forming solid, hydrophobic, water-insoluble zinc and zirconium salts below about pH 8, c. a Lewis base present in an amount sufficient to temporarily maintain said composition above about pH 8 when said composition is exposed to the atmosphere under conditions of use, said Lewis base being selected from the group consisting of ammonia, morpholine, and volatile alkylamines, d. at least one zinc or zirconium coordination complex which is water-dispersible above about pH 8 and which provided sufficient zinc or zirconium ions below about pH 8 which are capable of combining with substantially all of the acidic radicals present in said composition.

7. A cleaning composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein said carboxyl-containing material is an ammonium salt of a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and wherein said fluorochemical compound comprises an organic acid having an ionization constant less than about 1 X 10 3 but greater than 1 X 10 9.

8. A cleaning composition in accordance with claim 3 wherein said carboxyl-containing material is an ammonium salt of a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and wherein said fluorochemical compound comprises an organic acid having an ionization constant less than about 1 X 10 3 but greater Than 1 X 10 9.

9. A process for removing soil and stains from a substrate and imparting water and oil repellency and stain resistance to such substrate, the process comprising the steps of:

a. contacting said substrate with an effective cleaning amount of the cleaning composition of claim 1, b. substantially drying said substrate so that the pH of said composition is reduced below about 8, thereby forming a solid residue on said substrate, and c. vacuum cleaning said substrate.