Pyrotechnic compositions for gas generation
First Claim
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1. A GAS-GENERATING PYROTECHNIC COMPOSITION, WHICH COMPRISES:
- A. A FUEL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALKALI METAL AZIDES AND ALKALINE EARTH METAL AZIDES, B. AN ALKALI METAL OXIDANT SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALKALI METAL PERCHLORATES AND BICHROMATES, C. A NITROGENOUS COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF AMINOTETRAZOLE, AMINOTETRAZOLE HYDRATE, AZODICARBONAMIDE AND AZOTETRAZOLE.
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Abstract
A gas-generating pyrotechnic composition comprises: A. A FUEL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALKALI METAL AZIDES AND ALKALINE EARTH METAL AZIDES, B. AN ALKALI METAL OXIDANT SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALKALI METAL PERCHLORATES AND BICHROMATES, C. A NITROGENOUS COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF AMINOTETRAZOLE, AMINOTETRAZOLE HYDRATE, AZODICARBONAMIDE AND AZOTETRAZOLE, AND D. OPTIONALLY, SILICA AS AN ADDITIVE FOR REACTING WITH THE SOLID COMBUSTION RESIDUES OF THE COMPOSITION. Such compositions are particularly intended for the deployment of inflatable safety devices for driver and passenger protection in automobiles and other fast vehicles.
52 Citations
12 Claims
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1. A GAS-GENERATING PYROTECHNIC COMPOSITION, WHICH COMPRISES:
- A. A FUEL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALKALI METAL AZIDES AND ALKALINE EARTH METAL AZIDES, B. AN ALKALI METAL OXIDANT SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALKALI METAL PERCHLORATES AND BICHROMATES, C. A NITROGENOUS COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF AMINOTETRAZOLE, AMINOTETRAZOLE HYDRATE, AZODICARBONAMIDE AND AZOTETRAZOLE.
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2. The composition according to claim 1 additionally comprising silica.
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3. A composition as set forth in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of azide:
- alkali metal oxidant is greater than 1.
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4. A composition as set forth in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of nitrogenous compound:
- azide is less than 48%.
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5. A composition as set forth in claim 2, which comprises:
- a. sodium azide, b. potassium perchlorate, c. a nitrogenous compound selected from the group consisting of aminotetrazole and aminotetrazole hydrate, and d. silica.
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6. A composition as set forth in claim 2, which comprises, by weight:
- a. 50 to 80 parts of sodium azide, b. 50 to 20 parts of potassium perchlorate, for a total of 100 parts of azide and perchlorate, c. up to 48%, with respect to the azide, of a nitrogenous compound selected from the group consisting of aminotetrazole and aminotetrazole hydrate, and d. at least 6%, with respect to the azide, of silica.
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7. A composition as set forth in claim 6, which comprises, by weight, about 9.3% of silica with respect to the azide.
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8. A composition as set forth in claim 6, which comprises, by weight:
- a. 50 to 60 parts of sodium azide, b. 50 to 40 parts of potassium perchlorate, for a total of 100 parts of azide and perchlorate, and c. 28 to 48%, with respect to the azide, of a nitrogenous compound selected from the group consisting of aminotetrazole and aminotetrazole hydrate.
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9. A composition as set forth in claim 6, which comprises, by weight:
- a. about 70 parts of sodium azide, b. about 30 parts of potassium perchlorate, c. about 6.5 parts of a nitrogenous compound selected from the group consisting of aminotetrazole and aminotetrazole hydrate, and d. about 6.5 parts of silica.
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10. A composition as set forth in claim 5, in which the weight ratios NaN3/KC104 and aminotetrazole/NaN3 fall within the region on a composition diagram in which the ratio NaN3/KC104 is plotted as the ordinates and the ratio aminotetrazole/NaN3 as the abscissae, defined by i. the curve passing through three points, a, b and c, which are respectively defined as follows:
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11. A composition as set forth in claim 2, in the form of pellets.
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12. A composition as set forth in claim 11, wherein said pellets comprise a binder selected from the group consisting of aluminium stearate, polytetrafluoroethylene and potassium bromide.
Specification