Direct moldable implant material
First Claim
1. A MOLDABLE DIRECT DENTAL IMPLANT MATERIAL INSERTABLE INTO A TOOTH ROOT SOCKET IMMEDIATELY AFTER TOOTH EXTRACTION FOR POLYMERIZING IN SITU, COMPRISING A POLYMERIZABLE, THERMOSETTING ORGANIC RESIN BINDER, AN INORGANIC FILLER ADMIXED WITH SAID BINDER AND A PARTICULATE COATING THE OUTER SURFACE OF SAID MOLDABLE MATERIAL, SAID PARTICULATE BEING BIOLOGICALLY ACCEPTABLE, SOLUBLE IN BODY FLUIDS AND OF A PARTICLE SIZE SUFFICIENT TO PRODUCE PORES OF PRESELECTED SIZE IN THE OUTER SURFACE OF SAID IMPLANT MATERIAL WHEN SAID PARTOCULATE IS DISSOLVED BY BODY FLUIDS AFTER SAID IMPLANT MATERIAL IS HARDENED.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A direct dental implant composition and placement method is disclosed. In the present method a moldable, polymerizable material is inserted into the tooth socket immediately after the tooth has been extracted. Being moldable, the material conforms to and substantially fills the socket. Prior to inserting the moldable material into the socket, the surface of the material is coated or dusted with particulate calcium sulfate which becomes embedded in the outer surface of the moldable material adjacent the wall of the tooth socket when the implant material is placed in the tooth socket. The particulate is dissolvable in body fluids so that eventually minute voids develop in the outer surface of the hardened or set implant. These voids promote tissue attachment to firmly anchor the implant. Thereafter, a crown or other suitable restoration may be applied to the implant. In another embodiment, a mechanical device is inserted into the material prior to hardening to provide a mechanical anchor for a crown or other appliance. Also disclosed is a modification permitting use of the material as a bone cement for the fixation of orthopedic appliances or as a bone implant to replace missing bone, reinforce weakened bone tissue or reshape malformed bone structure.
98 Citations
17 Claims
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1. A MOLDABLE DIRECT DENTAL IMPLANT MATERIAL INSERTABLE INTO A TOOTH ROOT SOCKET IMMEDIATELY AFTER TOOTH EXTRACTION FOR POLYMERIZING IN SITU, COMPRISING A POLYMERIZABLE, THERMOSETTING ORGANIC RESIN BINDER, AN INORGANIC FILLER ADMIXED WITH SAID BINDER AND A PARTICULATE COATING THE OUTER SURFACE OF SAID MOLDABLE MATERIAL, SAID PARTICULATE BEING BIOLOGICALLY ACCEPTABLE, SOLUBLE IN BODY FLUIDS AND OF A PARTICLE SIZE SUFFICIENT TO PRODUCE PORES OF PRESELECTED SIZE IN THE OUTER SURFACE OF SAID IMPLANT MATERIAL WHEN SAID PARTOCULATE IS DISSOLVED BY BODY FLUIDS AFTER SAID IMPLANT MATERIAL IS HARDENED.
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2. An implant material as in claim 1 wherein substantially all of said particulate is capable of passing a 325 U.S. standard mesh screen.
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3. An implant material as in claim 1 wherein said particulate is selected from the group consisting of surgical gut, gelatine, polyvinyl alcohol, collagen, cynoacrylate and calcium sulfate.
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4. An implant material as in claim 1 wherein said particulate CaSO4 is selected from the group consisting of CaSO4. 1/2 H2O and CaSO4.2H2O.
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5. An implant material is in claim 1 wherein one portion of the surface of said material is coated with a finer particle size of said particulate than another portion of the surface of said material.
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6. An implant material as in claim 1 wherein said resin binder is the reaction product of the diglycidal ether of bisphenol A and methacrylic acid, the amounts of the diglycidal ether of bisphenol A and methacrylic acid being stoichimetrically balanced to insure the absence of any residual, unreacted reactants.
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7. A process for direct dental implant comprising the steps of:
- a. forming a mass of moldable, polymerizable thermosetting resin which upon hardening is biologically acceptable;
b. placing a particulate on the outer surface of said mass, said particulate being soluble in body fluids and biologically acceptable; and
c. inserting said material into a tooth socket immediately after tooth extraction so that said moldable material fills and assumes the shape of the tooth socket with said particulate becoming embedded in the outer surface of said moldable material at the material surface-tooth socket wall interface.
- a. forming a mass of moldable, polymerizable thermosetting resin which upon hardening is biologically acceptable;
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8. A process according to claim 7, wherein substantially all of said particulate is of a size sufficient to pass a 325 U.S. standared mesh.
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9. A process according to claim 7, wherein said particulate is selected from the group consisting of surgical gut, gelatine, poly vinyl alcohol, collagen, cynoacrylate and calcium sulfate.
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10. A process as in claim 7, wherein said particulate CaSO4 is selected from the group consisting of CaSO4. 1/2 H2O and CaSO4.2H2O.
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11. A process as in claim 7, wherein said mass of moldable polymerizable thermosetting resin is formed by admixing. a liquid constituant comprising BisGMA and a polymerization initiator and;
- a powder contituant comprising said inorganic filler and a free radical forming catalyst.
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12. A process as in claim 11 wherein, said inorganic filler is a mixture comprising about 70% of a finely divided Li2 O-Al2O3-SiO2 ceramic, about 30% of a finely divided BaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass and a silane coupling agent.
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13. A process as in claim 12 wherein said liquid and powder constituants are mixed in the ratio of about 1:
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14. A process as in claim 11 wherein said BisGMA is the reaction product of the diglycidal ether of bisphenol A and methacrylic acid which are mixed in stoichiometric amounts calculated such that substantially all of said diglycidal ether of bisphenol A and methacrylic acid is consumed leaving substantially no residue of either.
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15. A process as in claim 7, comprising the step of inserting a mechanical anchor into the unhardened material after said material has been inserted into the tooth socket.
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16. A process as in claim 7 comprising the steps of:
- a. inserting a rod into the unhardened material after said material has been inserted into the tooth socket; and
b. rotating said rod through a conical path to force the outer surface of said material into intimate contact with the walls of said tooth socket.
- a. inserting a rod into the unhardened material after said material has been inserted into the tooth socket; and
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17. A material mixture for forming an implant within a cavity in the human body, said material being moldable to conform with the shape of the cavity and polymerizable in situ, Said material comprising:
- a. a polymerizable, thermosetting organic resin binder;
b. an inorganic filler admixed with said binder; and
c. a particulate solid coating the outer surface of said moldable material, said particulate being biologically acceptable, soluable in body fluids and of a particle size sufficient to produce pores of preselected size in the outer surface of said implant material when said particulate is dissolved by body fluids after said implant material is hardened, said particulate size and, therefore, said pore size being selected so as to promote the attachment of the desired tissue type to the hardened implant material in said body cavity.
- a. a polymerizable, thermosetting organic resin binder;
Specification