Medical cassette pump

• US 3,927,955 A
• Filed: 07/09/1973
• Issued: 12/23/1975
• Est. Priority Date: 08/23/1971
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Dominic Spinosa, John Varga
• Original Assignee: Dominic Spinosa, John Varga
• Inventors: Spinosa, Dominic, Varga, John
• Primary Examiner(s): Freeh, William L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Gluck, Richard E.
• Application Number:
  US05/377,677
• Time in Patent Office: 897 Days
• Field of Search: 417/474,475,476,477
• US Class Current: 417/477.3
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/142 Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/279 Peristaltic pumps, e.g. roller pumps
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 43/1253 by using two or more rollers as squeezing elements, the rollers moving on an arc of a circle during squeezing

Abstract

A medical cassette pump is provided, especially adapted for acting upon disposable fluid-carrying tubing in a manner such that the tubing can easily be inserted and removed from the fluid-pumping assembly. The pump includes a drive motor which rotates a fluid-pumping assembly about a principal axis. The fluid pumping assembly including pumping means engaging the fluid-carrying tube and advancing fluid along the tube in response to rotation of the fluid-pumping assembly, and displaceable cassette means for releasably engaging the fluidcarrying tube against the pumping means.

Claims

1. A medical cassette pump comprising in combination a driving means;

a fluid-pumping assembly operatively coupled to the drive means for rotation thereby about a principal axis, said fluidpumping assembly including a pumping means rotatable about the principal axis;

cassette means movable between a first position towards and a second position away from the pumping means;

means defining at least one wall of a channel for reception of a fluidcarrying tube;

the wall restraining the tube from movement away from the pumping means and retaining the tube in a path corresponding to the rotational path of the pumping means in close proximity to the pumping means in a manner such that the tube is collapsed by the pumping means against the wall;

the cassette means in the first position retaining the fluid-carrying tube in the channel and in a position to be collapsed by the pumping means, and in the second position releasing the tube from such engagement to permit insertion of the tube in the channel or removal of the tube from the channel, and the pumping means in said first position of the cassette means being always in engagement with the tube at some portion along the tube for pumping of fluid through the tube upon rotation of the drive means;

said cassette means comprising a pair of cassette halfmembers each describing an approximately 180* arc and pivotably mounted at one end in a manner such that, when brought together, they extend through an approximately 360* arc about the fluidpumping drive assembly and Having an inside wall defining one wall of the channel.

2. A medical cassette pump according to claim 1 in which the cassette means comprises a plurality of cassette members each describing a segment of the arc of an approximately circular shape, and mounted for relative pivotable movement towards and away from the pumping means.

3. A medical cassette pump according to claim 1 in which the cassette means comprises a disc pivotably mounted at one side with the channel extending about one side of the disc, and enclosing the circular path followed by the pumping means.

4. A medical cassette pump according to claim 1 in which the pumping means is coupled to the drive means for rotation thereby about its axis, in an arc corresponding to the arc of the channel, and in close proximity thereto, spaced therefrom by a distance equal only to the diameter of a fluid-carrying tube when collapsed and therefore closed off by the pumping means against the channel restraining wall, so that where the pumping means engages the tube, it closes off the tube to fluid flow against the interior wall of the cassette means, and by its rotation about the principal axis advances the fluid along the tube in response to the rotation of the fluid drive assembly.

5. A medical cassette pump according to claim 1 comprising a frame with the cassette means releasably mounted on the frame, for simultaneous removal of the cassette and fluid-carrying tube.

6. A medical cassette pump according to claim 1 in which the channel is attached to the cassette means.

7. A medical cassette pump comprising in combination a driving means;

a fluid-pumping assembly operatively coupled to the drive means for rotation thereby about a principal axis, said fluidpumping assembly including a pumping means rotatable about the principal axis;

cassette means movable between a first position towards and a second position away from the pumping means;

said pumping means defining at least one wall of a channel for reception of a fluid-carrying tube, the wall restraining the tube from movement away from the cassette means and retaining the tube in a path corresponding to the rotational path of the pumping means in close proximity to the pumping means in a manner such that the tube is collapsed by the cassette means against the wall;

the cassette means in the first position retaining the fluid-carrying tube in the channel and in a position to be collapsed by the pumping means, and in the second position releasing the tube from such engagement to permit insertion of the tube in the channel or removal of the tube from the channel, and the pumping means in said first position of the cassette means being always in engagement with the tube at some portion along the tube for pumping of fluid through the tube upon rotation of the drive means;

said cassette means comprising a pair of cassette half-members each describing an approximately 180* arc and pivotably mounted at one end in a manner such that, when brought together, they extend through an approximately 360* arc about the fluid-pumping drive assembly, said pumping means comprises grooved rollers, with the channel being the groove and the restraining wall thereof an internal peripheral wall of the cassette means.

8. A medical cassette pump according to claim 1 in which the cassette means is formed with at least one opening therethrough in communication with the channel for passage of the fluidcarrying tube to the channel.

9. A medical cassette pump according to claim 1 in which the cassette means is pivotably mounted on a shaft and having bias means for biasing the cassette means in the first position, holding the fluid-carrying tube in engagement with the pumping means.

10. A medical cassette pump according to claim 1 comprising a switch operatively coupled to the drive means and means engaging the switch.

11. A medical cassette pump according to claim 4 in which there is one pumping means in continuous engagement with one portion of the fluid-caRrying tube.

12. A medical cassette pump according to claim 1 in which the channel defines a loop extending over an arc that is less than 360*.

13. A medical cassette pump according to claim 12 in which there are at least two pumping means, of which at least one is always in engagement with a portion of the loop.

14. A medical cassette pump according to claim 1 in which the pumping means is a roller mounted for free rotation on a shaft attached for rotation about the principal axis.

15. A medical cassette pump comprising drive means;

a fluid-pumping assembly operatively coupled to said drive means for rotation thereby about a principal axis, said fluid-pumping assembly including at least two planetary rollers freely rotatably mounted in spaced relation to said principal axis to each other;

a fluid-carrying tube; and

displaceable cassette means for releasably engaging said fluid-carrying tube against at least one of said planetary rollers for the displacement of said fluid therealong, said cassette means including a pair of cassette half-members hingedly joined at one end thereof for relative pivotal displacement toward and away from said principal axis, said cassette half-members being formed so as to define a central opening for receiving said fluid-pumping assembly when said cassette half-members are joined together, at least a portion of the inner periphery of said cassette half-members defining said central opening being formed with a channel facing said principal axis for receiving a portion of said fluid-carrying tube and for crimping said tube substantially closed against at least one of said planetary rollers when said cassette half-members are joined.

16. A medical cassette pump according to claim 15 wherein said channel has an inner wall, said planetary rollers being dimensioned to extend into said channel with said fluidcarrying tube crimped between said channel inner wall and at least two of said rollers when said cassette half-members are joined.

17. A medical cassette pump according to claim 15 wherein said channel is formed with an inner wall, and dimensioned to permit said portion of said fluid-carrying tube received therein to extend laterally therefrom while permitting said planetary rollers to engage said fluid-carrying tube in a substantially closed position against said channel inner wall when said cassette half-members are joined.

18. A medical cassette pump according to claim 15 wherein each of said pair of cassette half-members is formed with a bore therethrough in a region spaced from the hinge thereof and providing communication to said channel, each of said bores being dimensioned to permit the threading of said fluid-carrying tube therethrough with a portion thereof in said channel. 19.. A medical cassette pump according to claim 15 including frame means, and spring latch means mounted on said frame means and positioned to engage each of said cassette half-members for releasably retaining said cassette half-members joined together.

20. A medical cassette pump according to claim 15 including a frame, and latch means mounted on said frame member and releasably engaging said cassette means for retaining said cassette means mounted on said frame while permitting the removal therefrom independent of said fluid-pumping assembly.

21. A medical cassette pump according to claim 15 including at least two fluid-carrying tubes, each of said cassette half-members including at least one channel for receiving each of said fluid-carrying tubes for engaging said fluid-carrying tubes against at least two of said planetary rollers.

22. A medical cassette pump according to claim 21 wherein said fluid-pumping assembly includes two sets of said planetary rollers substantially aligned in two planes spaced along said principal axis and positioned so that one of said sets of planetary rollers engages each of said fluid-carrying tubes.

23. A medical cassette pump according to claim 15 wherein the end of said cassette half-member spaced frOm said hinge connection therebetween is formed with a facing slot providing communication to said channel and dimensioned to receive said fluid-carrying tube as said cassette half-members are brought together, and to retain said fluid-carrying tube when said cassette half-members are joined.

24. A medical cassette pump according to claim 23 including tab means formed with a pair of apertures therethrough dimensioned to have said fluid-carrying tube threaded therethrough to define a loop, said loop being dimensioned to extend about said planetary rollers for receipt in said cassette half-member channels and said cassette half-member slots.

25. A medical cassette pump according to claim 15 including tab means formed with at least a pair of apertures dimensioned to have said fluid-carrying tube threaded therethrough to define a loop in said fluid-carrying tube dimensioned to extend about said planetary rollers, said pump including enabling switch means coupled to said drive means and adapted to enable the operation of said drive means when closed, said tab means including a finger dimensioned to engage said enabling switch means to close same when said loop of said fluid-carrying tube is properly positioned about said planetary rollers.

26. A medical cassette pump according to claim 15 wherein said displaceable cassette means includes a channel for receiving said fluid-carrying tube threaded therein, said displaceable cassette means and said fluid-carrying tube being disposable as a unit.

27. A cassette for a medical cassette pump having a drive means;

a fluid-pumping assembly operatively coupled to the drive means for rotation thereby about a principal axis, and a pumping means rotatable about the principal axis comprising, in combination, cassette means for attachment to the pump in a manner to be movable between a first position towards and a second position away from the pumping means;

means defining at least one wall of a channel for reception of a fluid-carrying tube, the wall restraining the tube from movement away from the pumping means, and retaining the tube in a path corresponding to the rotational path of the pumping means in close proximity to the pumping means in a manner such that the tube is collapsed by the pumping means against the wall;

the cassette means in the first position retaining the fluid-carrying tube in the channel and in a position to be collapsed by the pumping means and in the second position releasing the tube from such engagement to permit insertion of the tube in the channel or removal of the tube from the channel so that the pumping means in said first position of the cassette means is always in engagement with the tube at some portion of its length, and moves the collapsed portion along the tube for pumping of fluid through the tube upon rotation of the drive means;

said cassette means comprising a pair of cassette half-members each describing an approximately 180* arc and pivotably mounted at one end in a manner such that, when brought together, they extend through an approximately 360* arc about the fluid-pumping drive assembly and having an inside wall defining one wall of the channel;

bias means for biasing the cassette means in the first position, holding the fluidcarrying tube in engagement with the pumping means.

28. A cassette according to claim 27 in which the cassette means comprises a plurality of cassette members each describing a segment of the arc of an approximately circular shape.

29. A cassette according to claim 27 in which the cassette half-members have an inside wall which describes a circular channel about the fluid-pumping assembly.

30. A cassette according to claim 27 in which the cassette means comprises at least one opening therethrough communicating with the channel, for reception of the fluid-carrying tube, so that it can enter the channel.

31. A cassette according to claim 27 in which the channel defines a loop described by the tube in traversing the inside wall of the casSette.

32. A cassette according to claim 31 in which the channel extends over an arc within the range from 180* to 360*.

33. A cassette for a medical cassette pump having a fluid-pumping assembly operatively coupled to a drive means for rotation thereby about a principal axis, said fluid-pumping assembly including at least two planetary rollers freely rotatably mounted in spaced relation to said principal axis and to each other, and for supporting a fluid-carrying tube for the selective engagement of said tube against at least one of said rollers, comprising a pair of cassette half-members hingedly joined at one end for relative pivotal displacement, said cassette half-members being formed so that when joined together, a central opening is formed therein, at least a portion of the inner periphery of said central opening being formed with an axially facing channel for receiving a portion of said tube for crimping against said rollers each of said cassette half-members being formed with an opening therethrough spaced from said hinged connection and providing communication to said channel for said tube.