Pattern recognition system

• US 3,936,800 A
• Filed: 03/27/1974
• Issued: 02/03/1976
• Est. Priority Date: 03/28/1973
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Ejiri, Masakazu, Yoda, Haruo, Mese, Michihiro, Ikeda, Sadahiro
• Primary Examiner(s): Boudreau, Leo H.
• Application Number:
  US05/455,420
• Time in Patent Office: 678 Days
• Field of Search: 178/DIG. 33, 178/DIG. 34, 340/146.3 MA, 340/146.3 AH, 340/146.3 AE, 340/146.3 H, 340/146.3 Y
• US Class Current: 382/205
• CPC Class Codes: A47L 9/02 Nozzles suction nozzles for fluid transport B65G51/00
• CPC Class Codes: A47L 9/06 with fixed, e.g. adjustably fixed brushes or the like
• CPC Class Codes: A47L 9/0613 with means specially adapted for picking up threads, hair or the like, e.g. brushes, combs, lint pickers or bristles pads
• CPC Class Codes: B66B 1/3476 Load weighing or car passenger counting devices B66B5/14 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B66C 3/00 Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith and intended primarily for transmitting lifting forces to loose materials; Grabs buckets and other containers B65D, e.g. pallets B65D19/00; dredges equipped with grabs E02F
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10016 Video; Image sequence
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/223 using block-matching
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 10/20 Image preprocessing
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 10/443 by matching or filtering

Abstract

A pattern recognition system in which an image plane is divided into a large number of micro-regions, the image of the background has been stored in advance by a unit of the micro-region as invariable information independent of the brightness of the image plane, inputted images and the stored information are successively compared, and the proportion of occupation of the image plane by an object getting in the field of vision is detected.

Claims

1. A pattern recognition system comprising:

at least one pick-up device for converting an image of a picture plane into an electrical signal indicative thereof;

means for successively taking out of a plurality of electrical signals, each electrical signal being representative of a divided region of the image of the picture plane, region by region from the output of said pickup device;

means for producing first and second signals indicating rates of changes in brightness along different directions of a region by reference to signals representative of adjacent regions thereto;

means for producing third signals, each signal indicating the direction of the change in the brightness within each of said regions, from said first and second signals;

means for encoding said third signals into a code signal by classifying said third signals in accordance with directions of the change in the brightness, counting said signals classified into said respective directions, and digitizing the respective counted values in accordance with a predetermined value;

means for storing in advance a code signal indicative of an image corresponding to the background of the picture plane; and

means for comparing the code signal from said encoding means with the code signal from said storing means to detect the degree of disagreement therebetween as an indication of an object in the picture plane.

2. A pattern recognition system according to claim 1, in which each of said first and second signal producing means includes a first circuit for adding signals representative of the brightness within a plurality of regions adjacent one side of the region being examined and providing an output, a second circuit for adding signals representative of the brightness within a plurality of regions adjacent to the other side of said region being examined and providing an output, and a third circuit for obtaining a difference between the outputs of said first and second circuits.

3. A pattern recognition system according to claim 1, in which said third signal producing means comprises,

a plurality of adders for adding said first and second signals at predetermined different rates,

means for binary digitizing the outputs of said adders in accordance with a predetermined value, and

logic circuit means for producing a signal representative of the direction of the brightness from combinations of the binary digitized signals.

4. A pattern recognition system according to claim 1, in which said encoder means comprises, counter circuits for counting said signals representing the directions of the change in the brightness respectively, and means for binary digitizing each of said outputs of said counters in accordance with the predetermined value to form a code signal indicative of a feature of the image of the object.

5. A pattern recognition system according to claim 1, in which the counting means counts signals weighted in dependence upon the position of the region in the picture plane.

6. A pattern recognition system according to claim 1, further comprising:

means for temporarily storing the code signal from said encoder means;

means for comparing one code signal indicative of an image at one time with another code signal indicative of an image at different time by the use of signals from said temporarily storing means;

means for counting the number of times the code signals agree; and

means for transferring the contents in the temporary storing means to said means which stores a code signal representative of a background of the picture plane when the output of said counter is over a predetermined value.

7. A pattern recognition system according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of pick-up devices for respectively converting images of a picture plane into electrical signals respectively, and means for selectively providing said electrical signals to the region take-out means.