Method and installation for the detection of a source generating electro-magnetic oscillations

• US 3,940,700 A
• Filed: 08/10/1973
• Issued: 02/24/1976
• Est. Priority Date: 08/15/1972
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Paul Haas
• Original Assignee: Paul Haas
• Inventors: Fischer, Markus
• Primary Examiner(s): Britton, Howard W.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Bookbinder, Marc E.
• Application Number:
  US05/387,454
• Time in Patent Office: 928 Days
• Field of Search: 325/29, 325/31, 325/54, 325/67, 325/133, 325/363, 325/364, 325/366, 325/367, 325/370, 325/302, 325/470, 340/164, 340/224, 340/312, 340/258 C, 340/258 D, 340/185, 340/189, 179/82, 343/112 D, 343/112 R, 343/113 R, 343/119, 343/123, 343/205, 324/47
• US Class Current: 343/894
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 29/0814 Field measurements related to measuring influence on or from apparatus, components or humans EMC, EMI and similar testing in general G01R31/001, e.g. in ESD, EMI, EMC, EMP testing, measuring radiation leakage; detecting presence of micro- or radiowave emitters; dosimetry; testing shielding; measurements related to lightning
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 29/085 for detecting presence or location of electric lines or cables fault detection G01R31/50; fault location G01R31/08

Abstract

A method for the detection of a source generating electro-magnetic oscillations wherein for the purpose of eliminating disturbances caused by foreign transmitters there is measured the field intensity at at least two spatially separate locations, the determined measurement values are compared with one another, and when the difference of both measurement values exceeds a value or amount dependent upon the spacing between the measurement locations there is triggered an alarm signal.

The installation for the performance of the aforesaid method comprises a receiver and a first antenna and a second antenna. An antenna reversing switch may be provided for connecting the receiver into circuit with the one or the other antenna. An alternate embodiment provides a second receiver, wherein each antenna is connected with one of the receivers. A comparator serves to compare the signals generated in the receiver or receivers and which signals are dependent upon the fields acting upon the antennae. An evaluation device generates an alarm signal when the difference of the signals determined with the aid of both antennae exceeds a predetermined value.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the presence of an unauthorized concealed source of electromagnetic energy comprising the steps of:

suspecting a location of a concealed source of electromagnetic energy;

receiving at a first location adjacent the suspected location of said concealed source the electromagnetic energy from said source;

measuring the magnitude of the field intensity of the electromagnetic energy of said source received at the first location;

randomly selecting a second location spatially separated from the first location;

receiving at the randomly selected second location the electromagnetic energy from said source;

measuring the magnitude of the field intensity of the electromagnetic energy of said source received at the second location;

detecting the difference between the field intensity magnitude measured at the first location and the field intensity magnitude measured at the second location; and

triggering an indication when the difference between the magnitudes of field intensities exceeds a predetermined magnitude greater than zero.

2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the receiving steps are successively performed and including the step of storing the field intensity magnitudes measured at the first and second locations.

3. The method according to claim 1 wherein the receiving steps are simultaneously performed.

4. A method for detecting the presence of an unauthorized concealed first source of electromagnetic energy located within a building and transmitting at an operating frequency having an associated frequency band of emission in the presence of an interfering second source of electromagnetic energy positioned at a distant external location from said building and transmitting at a frequency such that at least some of the electromagnetic energy transmitted by said second source is within said frequency band of emission of said first source, comprising the steps of:

suspecting a location of said concealed first source of electromagnetic energy within said building;

receiving the electromagnetic energy emanating from said first and second sources in said frequency band of emission at a first location within said building adjacent the suspected location of said source;

measuring the magnitude of the sum of the field intensities of the electromagnetic energy received from said first and second sources in said frequency band of emission at the first location;

randomly selecting a second location spatially separated from the first location;

receiving the electromagnetic energy emanating from said first and second sources in said frequency band of emission at the second randomly selected location within said building;

measuring the magnitude of the sum of the field intensities of the electromagnetic energy received from said first and second sources in said frequency band of emission at the second location;

detecting the difference between the sum of the field intensity magnitudes measured at the first location and the sum of the field intensity magnitudes measured at the second location; and

triggering an indication when said difference exceeds a predetermined magnitude greater than zero.

5. The method according to claim 4 wherein the receiving steps are successively performed and including the step of storing the field intensity magnitudes measured at the first and second locations.

6. The method according to claim 4 wherein the receiving steps are simultaneously performed.

7. A system for detecting the presence of an unauthorized concealed source of electromagnetic energy within a building comprising:

at least two receiving antennae positioned within said building at separate locations of random spacing therebetween, each antenna having an output, at least one of said antennae being positioned adjacent a suspected location of said concealed source;

tunable receiving means adapted to selectively connected to the output of each of said receiving antennae for receiving and measuring the magnitude of field intensity of the electromagnetic energy of said source received by each of said receiving antennae, said tunable receiver means having an output proportional to the magnitude of field intensity of the electromagnetic energy of said source received by said antennae;

means for selectively connecting the output of each of said receiving antennae to said tunable receiver means;

storage means connected to the output of said receiver means for separately storing the magnitude of field intensity of the electromagnetic energy of said source received by each of said receiving antennae and measured by said receiver means;

means connected to said storage means for detecting the difference between the stored magnitude of field intensity of the electromagnetic energy of said source received by one of said receiving antennae and the stored magnitude of field intensity of the electromagnetic energy of said source received by another of said receiving antennae, said detection means having an output proportional to said difference;

means connected to said detection means output for generating a trigger signal when the output of said detection means exceeds a predetermined magnitude greater than zero; and

indicator means connected to said signal generating means and responsive to said trigger signal for indicating that said predetermined magnitude has been exceeded.

8. The system according to claim 7 wherein each of said receiving antennae is substantially omnidirectional.

9. The system according to claim 7 wherein said means for selectively connecting said receiver means to each of said receiving antennae includes switching means.

10. The system according to claim 7 wherein the receiving frequency of said receiver means is voltage tunable over a frequency range by a staircase voltage and including a staircase voltage generator connected to said receiver means for shifting the receiving frequency of said receiver means.

11. The system according to claim 10 including a clock generator means connected to said staircase voltage generator for generating a timing pulse for controlling the staircase voltage pulse interval of said staircase voltage generator.

12. A system for detecting the presence of an unauthorized concealed source of electromagnetic energy within a building comprising:

first and second switching antennae positioned within said building at separate locations of random spacing therebetween, each antenna having an output, said first antenna being positioned adjacent a suspected location of said concealed source;

first and second tunable receiver means associated with said antennae, and connected to the outputs of said first and second receiving antennae respectively for receiving and measuring the magnitude of field intensity of the electromagnetic energy of said source received by said first and second receiving antennae respectively;

means connected to the outputs of said first and second receiver means for detecting the difference between the magnitude of field intensity of the electromagnetic energy of said source received by said first antenna and the magnitude of field intensity of the electromagnetic energy of said source received by said second antenna, said detection means having an output proportional to said difference;

means connected to the output of said detection means for generating a trigger signal when said detection means output exceeds a predetermined magnitude greater than zero; and

indication means connected to said signal generating means and responsive to said trigger signal for indicating that said predetermined magnitude has been exceeded.

13. The system according to claim 12 wherein each of said receiving antennae is substantially omnidirectional.

14. The system according to claim 12 including tuning means connected to each of said receiver means for simultaneously shifting the receiving frequency of each of said receiver means.