Harmonic communication system

• US 3,944,928 A
• Filed: 07/01/1974
• Issued: 03/16/1976
• Est. Priority Date: 07/01/1974
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Microlab/Fxr
• Original Assignee: Microlab/Fxr
• Inventors: Keller, Richard, Augenblick, Harry A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Griffin, Robert L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hearn, Robert
• Application Number:
  US05/484,766
• Time in Patent Office: 624 Days
• Field of Search: 325/1, 325/4, 325/8, 325/15, 325/37, 325/53, 325/65, 325/185, 325/492, 325/494, 343/6.5 R, 343/6.5 LC, 343/6.5 SS, 343/6.8 R, 343/6.8 SS, 340/151, 340/152 T
• US Class Current: 340/870.18
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/07749 the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card

Abstract

A communication system comprising a transmitter for radiating a carrier frequency signal, which may be modulated, to a data station. The station includes a rectifier for rectifying the received carrier signal to provide energy to the station elements. A data source at the station produces a data signal representative of the information to be transmitted. A harmonic generator produces harmonics of the carrier signal and the harmonic signal is modulated with the data or information signal. An antenna radiates the modulated harmonic signal to a receiver which demodulates the received signal to extract the information therefrom. Thus, a completely self-contained and economic system is provided, since the carrier signal per se supplies the energy to operate the data station.

Additionally, the communication system may include a carrier signal having an address encoded therein and the station may comprise an address decoder so that only a selected addressed station will transmit the desired data at any one time.

Claims

1. A communication system comprising transmitting means for transmitting a signal having a preselected frequency;

a remote station comprising;

station receiving means for detecting said transmitted signal,

information means for generating an information signal,

power means connected to said station receiving means for producing a power signal from said detected signal to energize said information means, said power means comprising only a first two-terminal diode network comprising only semi-conductor diode means polarized in a single direction for conducting current in only one direction from one to the other of said two terminals of said first network.

response signal generating means connected to said station receiving means for producing a harmonic signal of said transmitted signal and for modulating said harmonic signal with said information signal to produce a response signal, said response signal generating means comprising only a second two-terminal diode network comprising only semiconductor diode means polarized in a single direction for conducting current in only one direction from one to the other of said two terminals of said second network.

and radiating means for radiating said response signal;

and a receiving station comprising means for demodulating said response signal to obtain said information signal.

2. A communication system as in claim 1, in which said information means comprises a plurality of stages of CMOS semiconductor elements.

3. A communication system as in claim 1, in which said information means comprises pulse generating means for producing a preselected sequence of pulses, and a station modulation signal generator responsive to said pulses for applying a modulation signal corresponding to said information signal to said response signal generating means.

4. A communication system as in claim 3, in which said pulse generating means comprises a clock for producing a train of pulses, a counter for counting individual pulses in said train of pulses, and code means responsive to predetermined counts of said counter for producing said preselected sequence of pulses.

5. A communication system as in claim 4, in which said code means comprises code varying means for varying the response of said code means to different predetermined counts of said counter.

6. A communication system as in claim 4, in which said transmitting means comprises means for transmitting a continuous wave signal.

7. A communication system as in claim 3, in which said transmitting means comprises a transmitter modulator for modulating said preselected frequency signal with an address code signal, and said remote station further comprises demodulating means for demodulating said preselected frequency signal to produce said address code signal, said pulse generating means being responsive to said address code signal to produce said preselected sequence of pulses.

8. A communication system as in claim 7, in which said address code signal comprises at least a sync pulse and clock pulses, said pulse generating means comprising detecting means for detecting said sync and clock pulses, a counter responsive to said sync pulse for producing a reference count and for incrementing said reference count in response to each clock pulse, and code means responsive to predetermined counts of said counter for producing said preselected sequence of pulses.

9. A communication system as in claim 8, in which said station modulation signal generator comprises gating means connected to said demodulating means and said code means for applying said demodulated address code signal to said response signal generating means during the reception of pulses from said code means.

10. A communication system as in claim 9, and a frequency divider between said gating means and said response signal generating means for dividing the frequency of said address code signal.

11. A communication system as in claim 1, in which said transmitting means comprises a transmitter modulator for modulating said preselected frequency signal with an address code signal, demodulating means at said remote station for demodulating said preselected frequency signal to obtain said address code signal, and switch means at said remote station for connecting said information means with said remote station response signal generating means in response to a predetermined address code.

12. A communication system as in claim 8, in which said address code signal further comprises a data signal, and switch means in said remote station responsive to a predetermined address code signal for connecting said code means to said station modulation signal generator.

13. A communication system as in claim 12, in which said detecting means further detects said data signal, and said switch means comprises an address storage means connected to said counter for producing an enabling pulse in response to a predetermined count, and comparing means responsive to the sequential reception of said enabling pulse and said data signal for producing a switch signal, and said switch means comprises a switch responsive to said switch signal for operating said station modulation signal generator to apply said modulation signal to said remote station response signal generating means.

14. A communication system as in claim 1, in which said transmitting means comprises a pulse modulator for superimposing at least a pulse on said preselected frequency signal, said information means comprising sensor means for producing a sensor signal proportional to a sensed quantity, and amplifying means for amplfying said sensor signal, means connecting said amplifying means to said response signal generating means, whereby said amplifying means signal corresponds to said information signal.

15. A communication system as in claim 14, in which said amplifier means comprises biasing means for producing a modulation bias voltage to maintain said second diode network in the non-conducting region.

16. A communication system as in claim 7, in which said preselected frequency signal is amplitude modulated by said transmitter modulator;

and said power means further comprises means for producing a voltage substantially related to the frequency of the signal produced by said transmitter modulator, and said first diode network is operable to rectify said voltage.

17. A communication system as in claim 7, in which said preselected frequency signal is amplitude modulated by said transmitter modulator;

and said power means further comprises a transformer connected to said demodulating means, said transformer having a primary winding tuned to the frequency of the signal produced by said transmitter modulator and a secondary winding connected to said information means, a rectifier connected between said secondary winding and said information means to produce a DC potential, and filter means connected to said rectifier to apply a substantially continuous level DC potential to energize said information means.

18. A method for transmitting information to a remote station having no source of energy therein comprising transmitting a signal having a preselected frequency to the remote station, detecting said preselected frequency signal at said remote station and producing a power signal from the detected signal by applying the preselected frequency signal to only a first two-terminal diode network comprising only semiconductor diode means polarized in only one direction, energizing an information signal generator with said power signal to generate an information signal, producing a harmonic signal from said transmitted signal by applying said transmitted signal to only a second two-terminal diode network comprising only semiconductor diode means polarized in only one direction, and modulating said harmonic signal with said information signal by applying said information signal to said second diode network.

19. The method of claim 18, in which the power signal produced at said remote station is a DC signal.

20. The method of claim 18, comprising the further steps of transmitting said modulated harmonic signal to a receiving station, and demodulating said modulated harmonic signal at said receiving station to obtain said information signal.

21. The method of claim 18, in which said step of generating said information signal comprises generating a preselected sequence of pulses, and producing a modulating signal during the generation of each one of the pulses in said preselected sequence.

22. The method of claim 18, in which said step of transmitting said signal of preselected frequency comprises generating a carrier signal, and modulating carrier signal with said signal of preselected frequency to obtain a pulse train;

detecting said pulse train at said remote station; and

generating said information signal in response to said pulse train.

23. The method of claim 22, comprising the further step of applying said modulating signal to said harmonic signal only in response to the reception of a preselected arrangement of pulses in said pulse train.

24. The method of claim 23, in which said preselected arrangement of pulses in said pulse train comprises an address code, and said method comprises the further steps of storing a desired address code at said remote station, comparing said stored address code with said transmitted signal address code, and applying said information signal to said harmonic signal only in response to an equality between said compared codes.

25. The method of claim 22, in which said power signal is derived from the sideband signals of said modulated carrier signal.

26. A communication system comprising a transmitter having carrier signal generating means for generating a carrier signal having a preselected frequency, transmitter modulating means for modulating said carrier signal with a modulation signal, said modulation signal comprising reference and clock signal portions, and radiating means for radiating said modulated carrier signal;

at least one remote station for receiving said modulated carrier signal, said remote station comprising demodulating means for demodulating said carrier signal to obtain said modulation signal, counting means responsive to said reference signal for producing a reference count and for incrementing said reference count in response to each of said clock signals, code means responsive to a predetermined count for producing an enabling signal, a modulation signal generator for generating a station modulation signal in response to said enabling signal, and station modulating means for modulating a harmonic signal of said carrier signal with said station modulation signal; and

a receiving station for receiving said modulated harmonic signal, said receiving station comprising receiving means for demodulating said modulated harmonic signal to obtain said station modulation signal.

27. A communication system as in claim 26, and means for applying the reference signal portion of said transmitter modulation signal to said receiving means.

28. A communication system as in claim 26, in which said counting means, code means and said modulation signal generator comprise CMOS semiconductor elements.

29. A communication system as in claim 26, in which said station modulating means comprises a semiconductor diode.

30. A communication system as in claim 26, in which said counting means comprises a counter having a reset terminal adapted to receive said reference signal to reset said counter, and an input terminal adapted to receive said clock signals to increment said counter, said reference signal comprising a pulse of preselected duration, said clock signal comprising pulses having a duration other than said preselected duration, said counting means further comprising pulse discriminating means for applying said reference pulse to said counter reset terminal and said clock pulses to said input terminals.

31. A communication system as in claim 26, and a plurality of remote stations, said code means of each of said plurality of remote stations being responsive to a different count whereby said enabling signal at each remote station is generated at different times during a cycle of transmission of said carrier signal.

32. A communication system as in claim 26, wherein said transmitter modulation signal further comprises a data signal portion, comparing means in said remote station for generating a switch signal in response to a preselected data signal, and switch means responsive to said switch signal for applying said enabling signal to said modulation signal generator.

33. A communication system as in claim 32, in which said data signal comprises a plurality of pulses, and a plurality of remote stations each having said comparing means therein, said comparing means of preselected stations having signal generating means to generate said switch signal in response to different cumulative numbers of said data pulses in a cycle of transmission of said carrier signal.

34. A communication system as in claim 33, in which said plurality of remote stations are divided into different groups, said comparing means in the same group of stations being responsive to the same number of data pulses to produce said switch signal at the same time, said comparing means in different groups of stations being responsive to different numbers of said data pulses to produce said switch signal at different times.

35. A communication system as in claim 34, wherein said code means within said same group of remote stations is responsive to a different count whereby said enabling signal at each remote station within said same group of remote stations is generated by different times during a cycle of transmission of said modulated carrier signal.