Electric charger

• US 3,947,743 A
• Filed: 04/11/1974
• Issued: 03/30/1976
• Est. Priority Date: 04/13/1973
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Mabuchi Motor Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Mabuchi Motor Company Limited
• Inventors: Mabuchi, Kenichi, Tsuchimochi, Yoshihisa, Komatsu, Kojiro
• Primary Examiner(s): Envall, Jr., R. N.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hickey, Robert J.
• Application Number:
  US05/460,070
• Time in Patent Office: 719 Days
• Field of Search: 320/2-5, 320/35-38, 320/39, 320/40, 320/46, 320/15, 320/14
• US Class Current: 320/103
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0024 Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00302 Overcharge protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0042 characterised by the mechanical construction
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0045 concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0071 with a programmable schedule
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/342 The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging with circuits for polarity protection H02J7/0034

Abstract

There is described a charger and related devices, the charger being capable of charging batteries uniformly to a predetermined level by adjusting the residual electric amounts in the respective batteries to a uniform level prior to the charging operation, thereby avoiding overcharging of a particular battery or batteries. The charger ensures that a number of batteries be charged in a uniform electric amount or up to a predetermined level to preclude inverse charging of an undercharged battery or batteries which occurs when a number of differently charged batteries are used in series.

Claims

1. An automatic electric charger for charging small-sized batteries, which comprises:

an inner power source battery capable of producing a higher voltage than the small-sized battery to be charged;

a casing;

at least one pocket in said casing for accomodating said battery to be charged;

a timer;

a motor driving said timer;

a cam mechanism driven by said timer;

graduated dial means for presetting said timer;

a timing cycle circuit including said inner power source battery and said motor during which said inner power source battery drives said motor for a predetermined fixed total cycle period;

a predischarging cycle circuit which is operative for a predetermined fixed time period of said timer upon actuation of said timer; and

a charging cycle circuit which is operative for a predetermined variable time period of said timer upon termination of said discharging time period for effecting the charging operation on said battery said predetermined fixed total cycle period being at least equal to the combination of said discharging time period and said charging time period.

2. An electric charger as defined in claim 1 wherein said discharging and charging circuits are opened and closed by electric contacts operated by said cam mechanism.

3. An electric charger as defined in claim 1, wherein said charging circuit comprises a pilot lamp for stabilizing the charging current during the charging operation of said battery.

4. An electric charger as defined in claim 3, wherein said casing further comprises resilient means for retaining said battery compressed therewithin said pocket;

a hook member provided on said casing for locking engagement with said lid and mechanically released from said locking engagement upon completion of said charging operation, said battery being ejected from the pocket by means of said resilient means as soon as said hook member is released from the locking engagement with said lid.

5. An electric charger as defined in claim 4, wherein said lid is provided with a first contact means and said pocket is provided with a second contact means, said first and second contact means completing an electric circuit when said battery is in said charging position and breaking said electric circuit when said battery is removed from said charging position.

6. An electric charger as defined in claim 1, wherein said casing comprises a negative terminal supported on a spring and formed in a recessed shape to preclude closing of said charging circuit when said battery is mounted in an inverted position.

7. An electric charger as defined in claim 1, wherein said casing comprises a normally closed jack contact connected in series to said inner power source, said jack contact being opened when a jack led from an external power source is inserted into said jack contact for connecting said external power source to said battery to be charged.

8. An electric charger as defined in claim 1, wherein said casing comprises a lid-protected auxiliary compartment for accomodating therein at least one small-sized spare battery.

9. An electric charger as defined in claim 8, wherein said auxiliary compartment comprises a coil spring and an angular leaf spring, said springs being respectively compressed and flexed when small-sized batteries are stored in said compartment, said small-sized batteries being automatically projected one after another from said compartment upon opening said lid thereof.

10. An electric charger as defined in claim 1, wherein said motor comprises a non-linear resistance element electrically connected thereto, the resistance value of said non-linear resistance element varying automatically in response to variations in voltage of said inner power source battery.

11. An automatic electric charger as in claim 1 for simultaneously charging a number of batteries of different charging currents, wherein said inner power source battery supplies a suitable current to a battery of the largest charging current, charging current correcting resistances connected in series to said inner power source battery for supplying different charging currents respectively to batteries of smaller charging currents, and a single detector coupled to each of the batteries through said current correcting resistances.

12. An electric charger as defined in claim 1 and wherein said cam mechanism includes first switch means for maintaining said timer energized throughout said fixed total cycle, second switch means for changing over to said charging cycle circuit upon termination of said discharging time period, and third switch means for opening said charging cycle circuit upon termination of said charging time period.

13. An automatic electric charger for charging small-sized batteries, which comprises:

an inner power source capable of producing a higher voltage than the small-sized battery to be charged;

a casing;

at least one pocket in said casing for accomodating said battery to be charged;

a timer;

a cam mechanism driven by said timer;

graduated dial means for presetting said timer;

a timing cycle circuit including said inner power source and said timer which is operative for a predetermined fixed total cycle period of said timer;

a predischarging cycle circuit which is operative for a predetermined fixed time period of said timer upon actuation of said timer; and

a charging cycle circuit which is operative for a predetermined variable time period of said timer upon termination of said discharging time period for effecting the charging operation on said battery said predetermined fixed total cycle being at least equal to the combination of said dicharging time period and said charging time period and, wherein said casing includes a lid for covering said pocket, and means operatively connecting said lid to said timer for the automatic ejection of the charged battery from said pocket upon termination of the charging cycle and upon automatic opening thereof.

14. An electric charger as defined in claim 13, wherein said lid has a flat elongated metal plate connector thereon for engagement with the positive terminal of the battery to be charged for completing an electric circuit.