Method for rendering vitreous surfaces water repellant and dirt deposit resistant and articles produced thereby

• US 3,959,563 A
• Filed: 11/02/1973
• Issued: 05/25/1976
• Est. Priority Date: 11/02/1973
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Vaughn, Howard A. Jr., Vodicka, Vincent
• Primary Examiner(s): Herbert, Jr., Thomas J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hess, Bruce H.
• Application Number:
  US05/412,268
• Time in Patent Office: 935 Days
• Field of Search: 117/124 F, 117/135.5, 427/162-169, 427/314, 427/372, 427/374, 427/387, 427/398, 428/426, 428/428, 428/429, 428/447
• US Class Current: 428/429
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/30 with silicon-containing compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 3/18 for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto rendering particulate materials free flowing, in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic B01J2/30; Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces used in liquids for heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage or for the production of heat or cold other than by combustion, e.g. radiator liquids, C09K5/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31612 As silicone, silane or siloxane
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31663 As siloxane, silicone or silane

Abstract

Articles having a scrub resistant, water repellant and dirt resistant vitreous surface are provided by (a) heating the article to a surface temperature above 400°C, until the surface becomes free of water; (b) adjusting the surface temperature to between 310° and 370°C. and applying a siliconizing medium comprising an organosiloxane; and (c) allowing the article to cool to ambient temperature.

Claims

1. A method for producing water repellant and dirt deposit resistant characteristics on a vitreous surface of an article, the method comprising:

a. heating an article having a vitreous surface to a surface temperature of above about 400°

C. until the surface of said article is substantially free of water;

b. adjusting the surface temperature of said article to from about 310°

to about 370°

C. and applying to the surface of said article a siliconizing medium comprising an organosiloxane having at least one silicon-carbon bond; and

c. allowing said article to cool to ambient temperature.

2. A method as defined in claim 1 which also includes the step of annealing said article after step (b) at a surface temperature of from about 100°

C. to about 200°

C. for a time at least sufficient to enhance the permanency of the water repellant and dirt deposit resistance surface characteristics of said vitreous article.

3. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein said siliconizing medium comprises an organopolysiloxane having hydroxy or alkoxy terminal groups.

10. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein said siliconizing medium comprises a blend of two or more organopolysiloxanes.

11. A method as defined in claim 10 wherein at least one of the polyorganosiloxanes in said blend is substituted with silicon-bonded methyl groups and includes a relatively high proportion of silicon-bonded hydroxyl groups.

31. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein said article is heated above about 400°

C. in step (a) for a period of at least about 5 minutes.

4. A method for producing water repellant and dirt deposit resistant characteristics on a vitreous surface of an article, the method comprising:

a. heating an article having a vitreous surface to a surface temperature of above about 400°

C. until the surface of said article is substantially free of water;

b. adjusting the surface temperature of said article to from about 310°

to about 370°

C. and applying to the surface of said article a siliconizing medium comprising an organosiloxane; and

c. allowing said article to cool to ambient temperature,

wherein said siliconizing medium comprises an organopolysiloxane having hydroxy or alkoxy terminal groups, and wherein said organopolysiloxane is substituted with silicon-bonded alkyl groups, silicone-bonded aryl groups, silicon-bonded alkenyl groups, silicon-bonded alkaryl groups, silicon-bonded aralkyl groups, silicon-bonded cycloaliphatic groups, or a mixture of any of the foregoing.

5. A method as defined in claim 4 wherein said alkyl groups contain from 1 to 7 carbon atoms and, if present, said alkoxy groups contain from 1 to 7 carbon atoms.

6. A method as defined in claim 4 wherein said organopolysiloxane is a linear or branched organopolysiloxane substituted with silicon-bonded alkyl groups, silicon-bonded phenyl groups, or a mixture thereof.

7. A method as defined in claim 6 wherein said organopolysiloxane is subsitututed with a mixture of silicon-bonded alkyl groups and silicon-bonded phenyl groups, in which the silicon-bonded alkyl groups predominate.

8. A method as defined in claim 6 wherein the siliconbonded alkyl groups are methyl groups.

9. A method as defined in claim 7 wherein the siliconbonded alkyl groups are methyl groups.

12. A method as defined in claim 4 wherein said siliconizing medium comprises a blend of two or more organopolysiloxanes, at least one of which is substituted with silicon-bonded methyl groups and includes a relatively high proportion of silicon-bonded hydroxyl groups, and wherein said organopolysiloxane is of the formula:

##EQU6## wherein a is from about 0.02 to about 1.0;

b is from about 0.11 to about 1.4 and c is 1.0.

13. A method as defined in claim 4 wherein said siliconizing medium comprises a blend of two or more organopolysiloxanes, and wherein at least one of the organopolysiloxanes is a polydimethylsiloxane having hydroxy or alkoxy terminal groups, a copolymer of dimethylsiloxy units and diphenylsiloxy units having hydroxy or alkoxy terminal groups or a cyclic organopolysiloxane substituted with silicon-bonded alkyl groups, silicon-bonded aryl groups, silicon-bonded alkaryl groups, silicon-bonded aralkyl groups, silicon-bonded cycloaliphatic groups, silicon-bonded alkenyl groups, or a mixture of any of the foregoing.

14. A method as defined in claim 13 wherein said organopolysiloxane is of the formula:

##EQU7## wherein d is from about 0.1 to about 0.4 and e is 1.0.

32. A method as defined in claim 8 wherein said article is heated above about 400°

C. in step (a) for a period of at least about 5 minutes.

33. A method as defined in claim 5 wherein said article is heated above about 400°

C. in step (a) for a period of from 5 to 30 minutes.

34. A method as defined in claim 14 wherein said article is heated above about 400°

C. in step (a) for a period of from 5 to 30 minutes.

15. An article having a water repellant and dirt resistant vitreous surface, the water repellant and dirt resistant characteristics of the surface having been provided by the method comprising:

a. heating an article having a vitreous surface to a surface temperature of above about 400°

C. until the surface of said article is substantially free of water;

b. adjusting the surface temperature of said article to from about 310°

to about 370°

C. and applying to the surface of said article a siliconizing medium comprising an organosiloxane capable of producing enhanced water repellent and dirt deposit resistant surface characteristics thereon, said organosiloxane having at least one silicon-carbon bond; and

c. allowing said article to cool to ambient temperature.

16. An article as defined in claim 15 which comprises glass, a vitrified substrate, quartz, silica or a siliceous derivative.

17. An article as defined in claim 15 wherein said surface characteristics have been provided by a method as recited which also includes the step of annealing said article after step (b) at a surface temperature of from about 100°

C. to about 200°

C. for a time at least sufficient to enhance the permanency of the water repellant and dirt deposit resistance surface characteristics of said vitreous article.

18. An article as defined in claim 15 wherein said siliconizing medium comprises an organopolysiloxane having hydroxy or alkoxy terminal groups.

25. An article as defined in claim 15 wherein said siliconizing medium comprises a blend of two or more organopolysiloxanes.

26. An article as defined in claim 25 wherein at least one of the polyorganosiloxanes in said blend is substituted with silicon-bonded methyl groups and includes a relatively high proportion of silicon-bonded hydroxyl groups.

37. An article as defined in claim 15 wherein said article is heated above about 400°

C. in step (a) for a period of from 5 to 30 minutes.

19. An article having a water repellant and dirt resistant vitreous surface, the water repellant and dirt resistant characteristics of the surface having been provided by the method comprising:

a. heating an article having a vitreous surface to a surface temperature of above about 400°

C. until the surface of said article is substantially free of water;

b. adjusting the surface temperature of said article to from about 310°

to about 370°

C. and applying to the surface of said article a siliconizing medium comprising an organopolysiloxane capable of producing enhanced water repellant and dirt resistant surface characteristics thereon; and

c. allowing said article to cool to ambient temperature,

wherein said siliconizing medium comprises an organopolysiloxane having hydroxy or alkoxy terminal groups and wherein said organopolysiloxane is substituted with silicon-bonded alkyl groups, silicon-bonded aryl groups, silicon-bonded alkenyl groups, silicon-bonded alkaryl groups, silicon-bonded aralkyl groups, silicon-bonded cycloaliphatic groups, or a mixture of any of the foregoing.

20. An article as defined in claim 19 wherein said alkyl groups contain from 1 to 7 carbon atoms and, if present, said alkoxy groups contain from 1 to 7 carbon atoms.

21. An article as defined in claim 19 wherein said organopolysiloxane is a linear or branched organopolysiloxane substituted with silicon-bonded alkyl groups, silicon-bonded phenyl groups, or a mixture thereof.

22. An article as defined in claim 21 wherein said organopolysiloxane is substituted with a mixture of silicon-bonded alkyl groups and silicon-bonded phenyl groups, in which the silicon-bonded alkyl groups predominate.

23. An article as defined in claim 20 wherein the silicon-bonded alkyl groups are methyl groups.

24. An article as defined in claim 22 wherein the silicon-bonded alkyl groups are methyl groups.

27. An article as defined in claim 19 wherein said siliconizing medium comprises a blend of two or more organopolysiloxanes, at least one of which is substituted with silicon-bonded methyl groups and includes a relatively high proportion of silicon-bonded hydroxyl groups and wherein said organopolysiloxane is of the formula:

##EQU8## wherein a is from about 0.02 to about 1.0;

b is from about 0.11 to about 1.4 and c is 1.0.

28. An article as defined in claim 19 wherein said siliconizing medium comprises a blend of two or more organopolysiloxanes, and wherein at least one of the organopolysiloxanes is a polydimethylsiloxane having hydroxy or alkoxy terminal groups, a copolymer of dimethylsiloxy units and diphenylsiloxy units having hydroxy or alkoxy terminal groups or a cyclic organopolysiloxane substituted with silicone-bonded alkyl groups, silicon-bonded aryl groups, silicon-bonded alkaryl groups, silicon-bonded aralkyl groups, silicon-bonded cycloaliphatic groups, silicon-bonded alkenyl groups, or a mixture of any of the foregoing.

29. An article as defined in claim 19 wherein said siliconizing medium comprises a blend of two or more organopolysiloxanes and wherein at least one of the organopolysiloxanes in said blend is substituted with silicon-bonded methyl groups, silicon-bonded-phenyl groups and includes silicon-bonded hydroxyl terminal groups.

30. An article as defined in claim 19 wherein said siliconizing medium comprises an organopolysiloxane of the formula:

##EQU9## wherein a is from about 0.02 to about 1.0;

b is from about 0.11 to about 1.4 and c is 1.0.

35. An article as defined in claim 20 wherein said article is heated above about 400°

C. in step (a) for a period of at least about 5 minutes.

36. An article as defined in claim 27 wherein said article is heated above about 400°

C. in step (a) for a period of at least about 5 minutes.

38. An article as defined in claim 24 wherein said article is heated above about 400°

C. in step (a) for a period of from 5 to 30 minutes.

39. A method for improving the surface characteristics of a vitreous surface of an article by a treatment comprising:

a. heating an article having a vitreous surface to a surface temperature of above about 400°

C. for a period of 5 to 30 minutes until the surface of said article is substantially free of water;

b. adjusting the surface temperature of said article to from about 310°

to about 370°

C. and applying to the surface of said article a siliconizing medium comprising an organosiloxane capable of producing enhanced and durable water repellent and dirt deposit resistant surface characteristics thereon, said organosiloxane having at least one silicon-carbon bond; and

c. allowing said article to cool to ambient temperature.

40. A method for improving the surface characteristics of a vitreous surface of an article by a treatment comprising:

a. heating an article having a vitreous surface to a surface temperature of above about 400°

C. for a period of 5 to 30 minutes until the surface of said article is substantially free of water; and

b. adjusting the surface temperature of said article to from about 310°

to about 370°

C. and applying to the surface of said article a siliconizing medium comprising a blend of an organopolysiloxane of the formula;

##EQU10## and corresponding to the product of hydrolyzing 50-75% by weight of (CH₃)₂ SiCl₂ ;

1-10% by weight of (CH₃)₃ SiCl; and

10-35% by weight of CH₃ SiCl₃, and a second organopolysiloxane copolymer of the formula;

##EQU11## wherein d is from about 0.14 to about 0.25, e is 1.0 and said diphenylsiloxy units amount to about 28 to 40% of the total weight of recurring units; and

c. allowing said article to cool to ambient temperature.

41. An article having a water repellent and dirt resistant vitreous surface, the water repellent and dirt resistant characteristics of the surface having been provided by the method comprising:

a. heating an article having a vitreous surface to a surface temperature of above about 400°

C. for a period of at least about 5 minutes until the surface of said article is substantially free of water;

b. adjusting the surface temperature of said article to from about 310°

to about 370°

C. and applying to the surface of said article a siliconizing medium comprising a blend of an organopolysiloxane of the formula;

##EQU12## and corresponding to the product of hydrolyzing 50-75% by weight of (CH₃)₂ SiCl₂ ;

1-10% by weight of (CH₃)₃ SiCl; and

10-35% by weight of CH₃ SiCl₃, and a second organopolysiloxane copolymer of the formula;

##EQU13## wherein d is from about 0.14 to about 0.25, e is 1.0 and said diphenylsiloxy units amount to about 28 to 40% of the total weight of recurring units; and

c. allowing said article to cool to ambient temperature.