Gels of nonpolar liquids with N-acyl amino acids and derivatives thereof as gelling agents
First Claim
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1. A process for preparing a gel, which comprises:
- homogeneously admixing a non-polar organic liquid having a dielectric constant of less than about 20 and having a solubility less than 10% by weight in water with an effective gel forming amount of at least one compound containing an N-acylamino acid component having the formula;
##EQU7## wherein RCO is a C2 to C30 aliphatic acyl group or an aralkylacyl group;
Z is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, -NH2, -OR1, -NHR2, ##EQU8## and -0-R5 NH3 + wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are selected from the group consisting of C1 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon groups and aralkyl groups;
X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl; and
Y is selected from the group consisting of ##EQU9## wherein R6 is C1 to C4 alkyl, benzyl, phenyl, --CH2 OH, ##EQU10## --CH2 SH, --CH2 CH2 --S-CH3 or -- (CH2)p --COZ and p is a positive integer of 1 or 2 and Z is the same as above, --(CH2)m NHCOR, wherein m is a positive integer of 3 or 4 and COR is the same as above and --(CH2)n --, wherein n is a positive integer of 1 to 6;
with the proviso that when Z is --OR1, ##EQU11## where R6 is --(CH2)m NHCOR and that at least one of R, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 is a C5 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group; and
allowing the mixture to stand until gel formation occurs.
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Abstract
A wide variety of non-polar organic liquids are converted into gels by homogeneously admixing the non-polar organic liquids with a small amount of certain N-acyl amino acids or derivatives of N-acyl amino acids such as esters, amides and amine salts of the N-acyl amino acids.
184 Citations
30 Claims
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1. A process for preparing a gel, which comprises:
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homogeneously admixing a non-polar organic liquid having a dielectric constant of less than about 20 and having a solubility less than 10% by weight in water with an effective gel forming amount of at least one compound containing an N-acylamino acid component having the formula;
##EQU7## wherein RCO is a C2 to C30 aliphatic acyl group or an aralkylacyl group;
Z is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, -NH2, -OR1, -NHR2, ##EQU8## and -0-R5 NH3 + wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are selected from the group consisting of C1 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon groups and aralkyl groups;
X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl; and
Y is selected from the group consisting of ##EQU9## wherein R6 is C1 to C4 alkyl, benzyl, phenyl, --CH2 OH, ##EQU10## --CH2 SH, --CH2 CH2 --S-CH3 or -- (CH2)p --COZ and p is a positive integer of 1 or 2 and Z is the same as above, --(CH2)m NHCOR, wherein m is a positive integer of 3 or 4 and COR is the same as above and --(CH2)n --, wherein n is a positive integer of 1 to 6;
with the proviso that when Z is --OR1, ##EQU11## where R6 is --(CH2)m NHCOR and that at least one of R, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 is a C5 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group; andallowing the mixture to stand until gel formation occurs. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4)
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5. A process for preparing a gel, which comprises:
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mixing a non-polar organic liquid having a dielectric constant of less than about 20 and having a solubility less than 10% by weight in water with 0.05 - 20% by weight based on said non-polar organic liquid of a compound containing an N-acylamino acid component having the formula (I), ##EQU12## wherein RCO is a C2 to C30 aliphatic acyl group or an aralkyl acyl group;
Z is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, --NH2, --OR1, --NHR2, ##EQU13## and --O-R5 NH3 +, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are selected from the group consisting of C1 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals and aralkyl radicals;
X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl;
Y is selected from the group consisting of ##EQU14## wherein R6 is C1 to C4 alkyl, benzyl, phenyl, --CH2 OH, ##EQU15## --CH2 SH, --CH2 CH2 --S--CH3 or --(CH
2)p --COZ and p is a positive integer of 1 or 2 and Z is the same as above, --(CH2)m NHCOR, wherein m is a positive integer of 3 or 4 and COR is the same as above, and --(CH2)n --, wherein n is a positive integer of 1 to 6, with the proviso that when Z is -OR1, ##EQU16## wherein R6 is --(CH2)m NHCOR and that at least one of R, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 is a C6 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group;heating the mixture to effect solution; cooling the resulting solution to room temperature; and
thereafter;allowing said cooled solution to stand until gel formation occurs. - View Dependent Claims (6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. A process for preparing a gel, which comprises:
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homogeneously admixing a non-polar organic liquid having a dielectric constant of less than about 20 and having a solubility less than 10% by weight in water with 0.05% to 20% by weight of at least one compound containing an N-acylamino acid component having the formula ##EQU17## wherein RCO is a C5 to C30 aliphatic acyl, and Y is selected from the group consisting of ##EQU18## wherein R6 is a C1 to C4 alkyl and --(CH2).sub. m NHCOR, wherein m is a positive integer of 3 or 4 and COR is the same as above; and allowing the mixture to stand until gel formation occurs. - View Dependent Claims (18)
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19. A process for preparing a gel, which comprises:
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homogeneously admixing a non-polar organic liquid having a dielectric constant of less than 20 and having a solubility less than 10% by weight in water with 0.05% to 20% by weight of a compound containing N-acylamino acid component having the formula ##EQU19## wherein RCO is a C2 to C30 aliphatic acyl group or an aralkylacyl group;
R1 is a C1 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aralkyl; and
##EQU20## wherein R6 is --(CH2)m NHCOR, m is a positive integer of 3 or 4 and RCO is the same as above, with the proviso that at least one of R and R1 is a C5 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group; andallowing the mixture to stand until gel formation occurs. - View Dependent Claims (20)
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21. A process for preparing a gel, which comprises:
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homogeneously admixing a non-polar organic liquid having a dielectric constant of less than 20 and having a solubility less than 10% by weight in water with 0.05% to 20% by weight of a compound containing an N-acylamino acid component having the formula ##EQU21## wherein RCO is a C2 to C30 aliphatic acyl group or an aralkyl acyl group;
Z is --NH2, --NHR2 or ##EQU22## wherein R2, R3 and R4 are selected from the group consisting of C1 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon groups and aralkyl groups; and
##EQU23## wherein R6 is C1 to C4 alkyl, benzyl, --CH2 CH2 --S--CH3, or --(CH2)p -COZ wherein p is a positive integer of 1 or 2 and Z is the same as above;
--(CH2)m NHCOR, wherein m is a positive integer of 3 or 4 and COR is the same as above and --(CH2)n --, wherein n is a positive integer of 1 to 6, with the proviso that at least one of R, R2, R3, and R4 is a C5 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group; andallowing the mixture to stand until gel formation occurs. - View Dependent Claims (22)
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23. A process for preparing a gel, which comprises:
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homogeneously admixing a non-polar organic liquid having a dielectric constant of less than 20 and having a solubility less than 10% by weight in water with 0.05% to 20% by weight of a compound containing an N-acylamino acid component having the formula ##EQU24## wherein RCO is a C2 to C30 aliphatic acyl group or an aralkyl acyl group;
R5 is a C1 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aralkyl; and
Y ##EQU25## wherein R6 is selected from the group consisting of C1 to C4 alkyl, benzyl or --(CH2)m NHCOR, and m is a positive integer of 3 or 4 and COR is the same as above, with the proviso that at least one of R and R5 is a C5 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group; andallowing the mixture to stand until gel formation occurs. - View Dependent Claims (24)
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25. A gel, consisting essentially of:
a homogeneous mixture of a non-polar organic liquid having a dielectric constant of less than 20 and having a solubility less than 10% by weight in water and 0.05% to 20% by weight of at least one compound containing an N-acylamino acid component having the formula ##EQU26## wherein RCO is a C2 to C30 aliphatic acyl group or an aralkyl acyl group;
Z is hydroxy, --NH2, --OR1, --NHR2, ##EQU27## or --O-R5 NH3 +, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 is a C2 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group and aralkyl groups;
X is hydrogen or methyl; and
##EQU28## wherein R6 is C1 to C4 alkyl, benzyl, phenyl, --CH2 OH, ##EQU29## --CH2 SH, --CH2 CH2 --S--CH3 or --(CH2)p COZ; and
p is a positive integer of 1 or 2, and Z is the same as above;
--(CH2)m NHCOR, wherein m is a positive integer of 3 or 4 and COR is the same as above, or --(CH2)n --, wherein n is a positive integer of 1 to 6, with the proviso that when Z is --OR1, ##EQU30## wherein R6 is --(CH2)m NHCOR and that at least one of R, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 is a C5 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group.- View Dependent Claims (26)
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27. A gel, consisting essentially of a homogeneous mixture of a non-polar organic liquid having a dielectric constant of less than 20 and having a solubility less than 10% by weight in water, and 0.05% - 20% by weight of at least one compound having the formula ##EQU31## wherein RCO is C5 to C30 aliphatic acyl, and ##EQU32## wherein R6 is C1 to C4 alkyl or --(CH2)m NHCOR, wherein m is a positive integer of 3 or 4 and COR is the same as above.
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28. A gel, consisting essentially of:
a homogeneous mixture of a non-polar organic liquid having a dielectric constant of less than 20 and having a solubility less than 10% by weight in water and 0.05% to 20% by weight of at least one cmpound having the formula ##EQU33## wherein RCO is a C2 to C30 aliphatic acyl group or an aralkyl acyl group;
R1 is a C1 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aralkyl group, and ##EQU34## wherein R6 is --(CH2)m NHCOR, wherein m is a positive integer of 3 or 4 and RCO is the same as above, with the proviso that at least one of R and R1 is a C5 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group.
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29. A gel, consisting essentially of:
a homogeneous mixture of a non-polar organic liquid having a dielectric constant of less than 20 and having a solubility less than 10% by weight in water and 0.05% to 20% by weight of at least one compound having the formula ##EQU35## wherein RCO is a C2 to C30 aliphatic acyl group or an aralkyl acyl group;
Z is --NH2 or --NHR2, wherein R2 is a C1 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group or aralkyl group; and
##EQU36## wherein R6 is C1 to C4 alkyl, benzyl, --CH2 CH2 --S--CH3 or --(CH2)p --COZ, wherein p is a positive integer of 1 or 2 and Z is the same as above, or --(CH2)m COR, wherein m is a positive integer of 3 or 4 and COR is the same as above, with the proviso that at least one of R and R2 is a C5 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group.
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30. A gel, consisting essentially of:
a homogeneous mixture of a non-polar organic liquid having a dielectric constant of less than 20 and having a solubility less than 10% by weight in water, and 0.05% to 20% by weight of at least one compound having the formula ##EQU37## wherein RCO is C2 to C30 aliphatic acyl;
R5 is a C1 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aralkyl group; and
Y is C1 to C4 alkyl, benzyl or --(CH2)m NHCOR, wherein m is a positive integer of 3 or 4 and COR is the same as above, with the proviso that at least one of R and R5 is a C5 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group.
Specification