Aqueous dispersions of thermosettable synthetic addition polymers with 1,2-epoxy resin plasticizer
First Claim
1. A process for producing an aqueous dispersion of a thermosettable, solid, water insoluble, synthetic addition polymer consisting essentially of copolymerizing in watera. from about 98.49 to about 32.5% by weight based on the weight of total monomer solids of at least one α
- ,β
-ethylenically unsaturated main monomer selected from the group consisting of styrene, lower alkyl methacrylate, lower alkyl acrylates, lower alkyl itaconates, lower alkyl maleates and lower alkyl fumarates withb. from about 1% to about 10% by weight based on the weight of total monomer solids of at least one α
,β
-ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing a reactive group selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, acrylamide, lower alkyl acrylamides, N-alkoxy modified acrylamides, diacetone acrylamide, maleamic acid, maleamide, fumaride, N-mono-lower alkyl amides, N-monophenylamides, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and hydroxypropyl methacrylate, said polymerization taking place in the presence ofc. from about 0.5% to about 50.0% by weight based on the weight of total monomer solids of a plasticizer which is a 1,2-epoxy resin and ofd. from about 0.01% to about 7.5% by weight based on the weight of total monomer solids of a stabilizing material selected from the group consisting of, alone or in combinations thereof, surface active agents, suspension agents, and water soluble, copolymerizable ionic monomers selected from the group consisting of vinyl sulphonate, allyl sulphonate and sulphoesters of the formula;
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space="preserve" listing-type="equation">R--CO.sub.2 -- Q -- SO.sub.3 Mwherein R is selected from the group consisting of vinyl and α
-chloro-or α
-alkyl-substituted vinyl, Q is a divalent hydrocarbon radical having its valence bonds on different carbon atoms and M is a cation selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, lithium, moropholinium, lower alkyl substituted morpholinium, ammonium, substituted ammonium of the formula NR14, wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl and lower alkanolamino.
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Abstract
A process for producing an aqueous dispersion of a thermosettable, solid, water insoluble, addition polymer which comprises polymerizing in water at least one α,β-ethylenically unsaturated main monomer, which is very slightly soluble in water, with at least one α,β-ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing a reactive group in the presence of a material selected from the group consisting of surface active agents, suspension agents and mixtures thereof and water soluble, polymerizable ionic monomers consisting of sulpho esters of the formula:
R -- CO.sub.2 -- Q -- SO.sub.3 M
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of vinyl and α-substituted vinyl groups, Q is a divalent hydrocarbon radical having its valence bonds on different carbon atoms and M is a cation selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium, substituted ammonium compounds of the formula NR'"'"'4 wherein R'"'"' is alkyl (C1 -C4) or alkanolamine (C1 -C3), morpholine, substituted morpholine derivatives and water soluble salts of vinyl sulphonate and allyl sulphonate and of at least one modifier which is non-reactive or contains at least one complementary reactive group, and when the modifier is non-reactive, incorporating in the polymerization mixtures, at least one α,β-ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing a complementary reactive group. In addition, the resulting polymerized dispersion may be blended with a water soluble resin. The polymer particles may be formed with the complementary reactive groups located in different layers of the particles or with the groups substantially uniformly distributed throughout their depth. The dispersions may be in the form of suspensions or emulsions. The resulting aqueous dispersions have great utility as coating compositions for glass and steel substrates.
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Citations
14 Claims
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1. A process for producing an aqueous dispersion of a thermosettable, solid, water insoluble, synthetic addition polymer consisting essentially of copolymerizing in water
a. from about 98.49 to about 32.5% by weight based on the weight of total monomer solids of at least one α - ,β
-ethylenically unsaturated main monomer selected from the group consisting of styrene, lower alkyl methacrylate, lower alkyl acrylates, lower alkyl itaconates, lower alkyl maleates and lower alkyl fumarates withb. from about 1% to about 10% by weight based on the weight of total monomer solids of at least one α
,β
-ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing a reactive group selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, acrylamide, lower alkyl acrylamides, N-alkoxy modified acrylamides, diacetone acrylamide, maleamic acid, maleamide, fumaride, N-mono-lower alkyl amides, N-monophenylamides, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and hydroxypropyl methacrylate, said polymerization taking place in the presence ofc. from about 0.5% to about 50.0% by weight based on the weight of total monomer solids of a plasticizer which is a 1,2-epoxy resin and of d. from about 0.01% to about 7.5% by weight based on the weight of total monomer solids of a stabilizing material selected from the group consisting of, alone or in combinations thereof, surface active agents, suspension agents, and water soluble, copolymerizable ionic monomers selected from the group consisting of vinyl sulphonate, allyl sulphonate and sulphoesters of the formula;
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space="preserve" listing-type="equation">R--CO.sub.2 -- Q -- SO.sub.3 Mwherein R is selected from the group consisting of vinyl and α
-chloro-or α
-alkyl-substituted vinyl, Q is a divalent hydrocarbon radical having its valence bonds on different carbon atoms and M is a cation selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, lithium, moropholinium, lower alkyl substituted morpholinium, ammonium, substituted ammonium of the formula NR14, wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl and lower alkanolamino. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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7. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the stabilizing material consists essentially of a water soluble, copolymerizable, ionic monomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl sulphonate, allyl sulphonate and 2- sulphoethyl methacrylate.
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8. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the stabilizing material consists essentially of from about 1% to about 5% by weight, based on the weight of total monomer solids of a water soluble, copolymerizable ionic monomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl sulphonate, allyl sulphonate and 2-sulphoethyl methacrylate together with not more than 0.2% by weight, based on the weight of total monomer solids of a surface active agent.
- ,β
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9. An aqueous dispersion consisting essentially ofwater,particles of a thermosettable, solid, water insoluble, synthetic addition copolymer consisting essentially of copolymerized units of
a. from about 98.49% to about 32.5% by weight based on the weight of total monomer solids of a main monomer selected from the group consisting of methyl methacrylate, styrene, styrene/butyl acrylate in the repective weight proportions of 90/10 and 80/20, methyl methacrylate/butyl acrylate in the respective weight proportions of from 50/50 to 85/15, styrene/butyl acrylate in the respective weight proportions of 50/45 and 50/50 and methyl methacrylate/styrene/butyl acrylate in the respective weight proportions of 10/20/60; -
b. from about 1% to about 10% by weight based on the weight of total monomer solids of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, acrylamide and methacrylamide; and
c. from about 0.5% to about 50.0% by weight based on the weight of total monomer solids of a plasticizer which is a 1,2-epoxy resin; and3. from about 0.01% to about 7.5% by weight based on the weight of total monomer solids of a stabilizing material selected from the group consisting of, alone or in combinations thereof, surface active agents, suspension agents and water soluble, copolymerisable, ionic monomers selected from the group consisting of vinyl sulphonate, allyl sulphonate and sulphoesters of the formula;
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">R--CO.sub.2 -- Q -- SO.sub.3 Mwherein R is selected from the group consisting of vinyl and α
-chloro-or α
-alkyl-substituted vinyl, Q is a divalent hydrocarbon radical having its valence bonds on different carbon atoms, and M is a cation selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, lithium, morpholinium, lower alkyl substituted morpholinium, ammonium, substituted ammonium of the formula NR14, wherein R1 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkanolamino. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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Specification