Particle-loaded microfiber sheet product and respirators made therefrom

• US 3,971,373 A
• Filed: 12/06/1974
• Issued: 07/27/1976
• Est. Priority Date: 01/21/1974
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: 3M Company
• Original Assignee: 3M Company
• Inventors: Braun, David L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kamm, William E.
• Application Number:
  US05/530,070
• Time in Patent Office: 599 Days
• Field of Search: 128/140 R, 128/141, 128/142.6, 128/146.2, 128/146.6, 128/1, 428/242, 428/244, 428/296, 428/323, 428/328, 156/167, 156/170, 55/316
• US Class Current: 128/206.19
• CPC Class Codes: A62B 23/025 the filter having substantially the shape of a mask surgical face masks A41D13/11
• CPC Class Codes: D04H 1/407 containing absorbing substances, e.g. activated carbon
• CPC Class Codes: D04H 1/56 in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/256 Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof

Abstract

A self-supporting durable flexible conformable low-pressure-drop porous sheet product that contains a uniform three-dimensional arrangement of discrete solid particles. This sheet product comprises, in addition to the particles, a web of melt-blown microfibers in which the particles are uniformly dispersed. The particles are physically held in the web, even though there is only point contact between the microfibers and the particles, whereby the full surface of the particles is available for interaction with a medium to which the sheet product is exposed. The sheet product is especially useful in respirators in which, for example, the sheet product is shaped as a cup-like member adapted to fit over the mouth and nose of a person.

Claims

1. A self-supporting durable flexible conformable porous sheet product comprising a web of entangled melt-blown organic polymeric microfibers and a three-dimensional array of solid particles uniformly dispersed and physically held in the web, the only contact between the microfibers and particles being the point contact of preformed solid bodies whereby essentially the full surface of the particles is exposed for interaction with a medium to which the sheet product is exposed;

and the particles comprising at least 20 volume-percent of the solids content of the web.

2. A sheet product of claim 1 in which said particles include particles for removing a predetermined component of a fluid that may be passed through the sheet product.

3. An air-purifying device comprising the sheet product of claim 2.

4. A respirator comprising the sheet product of claim 2 shaped as a cup-like member adapted to fit over the mouth and nose of a person wearing the respirator

5. A sheet product of claim 2 in which the particles comprise alumina particles.

6. A sheet product of claim 2 in which the particles comprise activated carbon particles.

7. A sheet product of claim 1 which consists essentially of only said web of microfibers and said particles.

8. A sheet product of claim 1 in which the web of blown microfibers includes fibers of more than one chemical composition.

9. A sheet product of claim 1 in which said particles include particles of two or more chemical compositions.

10. A sheet product of claim 1 in which the particles comprise at least 75 volume-percent of the solids content of the web.

11. A sheet product of claim 1 in which the particles comprise at least 90 volume-percent of the solids content of the web.

12. A sheet product of claim 1 in which the ratio of the average diameter of the particles to the average diameter of the microfibers is at least 5 to 1.

13. A self-supporting durable flexible conformable low-pressure-drop porous sheet product consisting essentially of a web of entangled melt-blown organic polymeric microfibers and a three-dimensional array of solid particles uniformly dispersed and physically held in the web;

the average diameter of the particles being between 50 micrometers and 2 millimeters;

the average diameter of the microfibers being less than 10 micrometers; and

the ratio of the average diameter of the particles to the average diameter of the microfibers being at least 10 to 1;

the particles comprising at least 20 volume-percent of the solids content of the web; and

the only contact between the microfibers and particles being the point contact of preformed solid bodies, whereby essentially the full surface of the particles is exposed for interaction with a medium to which the sheet product is exposed; and

whereby the pressure drop through the web is no more than 125 percent of the pressure drop through a blown microfiber web of the same microfibers without the particles and is less (as measured in the manner described herein) than the pressure drop through a uniformly packed bed that (a) consists of the same kind of particles as included in the sheet product, and (b) includes the same number of said particles per unit of face area as the sheet product includes.

14. A sheet product of claim 13 in which said particles include particles for removing a predetermined component of a fluid that is passed through the sheet product.

15. An air-purifying device comprising the sheet product of claim 14.

16. A respirator comprising the sheet product of claim 13 shaped as a cup-like member adapted to fit over the mouth and nose of a person wearing the respirator.

17. A sheet product of claim 13 in which the web of blown microfibers includes fibers of more than one chemical composition.

18. A sheet product of claim 13 in which said particles include particles of two or more chemical compositions.

19. A sheet product of claim 13 in which the particles comprise at least 75 volume-percent of the solids content of the web.

20. A sheet product of claim 13 in which the particles comprise at least 90 volume-percent of the solids content of the web.

21. A respirator comprising inlet structure defining a path of air intake from the ambient environment to the mouth and nose of a person wearing the respirator, support structure for mounting the respirator on a person wearing the respirator, and a porous sheet product disposed across the path of air intake so as to filter air drawn into the respirator, said sheet product comprising a web of entangled melt-blown organic polymeric microfibers and a three-dimensional array of solid particles dispersed and physically held in the web, the only contact between the microfibers and particles being the point contact of preformed solid bodies, whereby essentially the full surface of particles is exposed for interaction with a fluid passing through the sheet product.

22. A respirator of claim 21 in which the particles are alumina particles.

23. A respirator of claim 21 in which the particles are activated carbon particles.

24. A respirator of claim 21 in which said sheet product is shaped as a cup-like member adapted to fit over the mouth and nose of a person wearing the respirator.