Synthetic aperture radars including moving target indication

• US 3,975,734 A
• Filed: 08/07/1974
• Issued: 08/17/1976
• Est. Priority Date: 08/21/1973
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: EMI (Entegris Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: EMI (Entegris Incorporated)
• Inventors: Payne, Robert William
• Primary Examiner(s): Wilbur, Maynard R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Buczinski, S. C.
• Application Number:
  US05/495,495
• Time in Patent Office: 741 Days
• Field of Search: 343/5 CM, 343/7.7
• US Class Current: 342/25.00B
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/9011 with frequency domain processing of the SAR signals in azimuth G01S13/9005 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/9029 specially adapted for moving target detection within a single SAR image or within multiple SAR images taken at the same time

Abstract

There is disclosed a synthetic aperture radar arranged to survey a region from a mobile location. Radar pulses are transmitted in sets, the pulses from each set being transmitted from congruent positions. The returned echoes of the pulses of each set are then compared to substantially remove signals relating to static targets. The signals relating to the doppler shifts of returns from moving targets are processed by a correlator covering a frequency band sufficient to include such signals or further signals indicative of them and produced as a result of the sampling nature of the pulsed radar.

Claims

1. A synthetic aperture radar system for surveying a region from a moving location including an aerial having a plurality of space sections, a transmitter adapted to cooperate with said aerial to project a series of emitted pulses towards said region, a receiver adapted to cooperate with said aerial to receive corresponding echo pulses relating to targets in said region, the arrangement being such that a first emitted pulse is projected from, and corresponding first echo pulses are received at, at least one of said sections, a second emitted pulse is projected from, and corresponding second echo pulses are received at, at least one other of said sections at different times but at substantially the same position in relation to a predetermined frame of reference and the sequence is repeated at a first predetermined repetition frequency, processing means for comparing corresponding first and second echo pulses to substantially cancel those echo pulses relating to targets, which have not moved in relation to the frame of reference in the time elapsed between the emission of the corresponding first and second echo pulses and to provide signals at a second predetermined repetition frequency related to the first repetition frequency, indicative of the doppler frequency shift of the pulses relating to other targets and correlator circuit means arranged to correlate those of said signals lying within a specific total frequency band with a predetermined correlation function to provide indications of the positions of said other targets, wherein the said second repetition frequency is selected to be substantially equal to the spread of said specific total frequency band.

2. A radar system according to claim 1 wherein said processing means is arranged such that the second repetition frequency is less than said first repetition frequency.

3. A radar system according to claim 1 wherein said correlator means is constituted by a single correlator operative over the whole of said specific frequency band.

4. A radar system according to claim 3 wherein the centre frequency of the bandwidth of said correlator is located at or in the vicinity of one of the frequencies (2n + 1)f_s /2 where n is an integer and f_s is equal to said first predetermined repetition frequency.