180.degree. PHASE SHIFTING APPARATUS
First Claim
1. An apparatus for selectively introducing a predetermined phase shift in a signal, said apparatus comprising an input terminal and an output terminal;
- a first unidirectionally conducting device connected from said input terminal to an intermediate junction;
a second unidirectionally conducting device connected from said intermediate junction to said output terminal;
first, second and third segments of transmission line connected from said input terminal, said intermediate terminal and said output terminal, respectively, to a common junction, said first, second and third segments of transmission line each being greater than one-quarter wavelength and less than one-half wavelength long at the frequency of said signal;
a third unidirectionally conducting device connected from said common junction to a third junction maintained at a substantially fixed reference potential; and
means coupled to said first, second and third unidirectionally conducting devices for simultaneously rendering said first, second and third devices conductive or non-conductive.
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Accused Products
Abstract
The use of electronically variable phase shifters is required in phased array radar systems. Diode phase shifters are particularly well suited for use in phased array radar systems because they have size and weight advantage over other types of phase shifting components such as ferrite devices and traveling wave tubes and, in addition, offer the potential of cost reductions through the application of batch processing techniques. In accordance with the present invention, a 180° phase bit is provided by two series diodes with three transmission line segments shunting each junction to ground through a common shunt diode. Operation is effected by the simultaneous forward or reverse biasing of the series and shunt diodes, thereby introducing a 180° phase difference in a signal transmittal therethrough.
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Citations
10 Claims
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1. An apparatus for selectively introducing a predetermined phase shift in a signal, said apparatus comprising an input terminal and an output terminal;
- a first unidirectionally conducting device connected from said input terminal to an intermediate junction;
a second unidirectionally conducting device connected from said intermediate junction to said output terminal;
first, second and third segments of transmission line connected from said input terminal, said intermediate terminal and said output terminal, respectively, to a common junction, said first, second and third segments of transmission line each being greater than one-quarter wavelength and less than one-half wavelength long at the frequency of said signal;
a third unidirectionally conducting device connected from said common junction to a third junction maintained at a substantially fixed reference potential; and
means coupled to said first, second and third unidirectionally conducting devices for simultaneously rendering said first, second and third devices conductive or non-conductive.
- a first unidirectionally conducting device connected from said input terminal to an intermediate junction;
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2. The apparatus for selectively introducing a predetermined phase shift in a signal wherein said predetermined phase shift is of the order of 180°
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3. An apparatus for selectively introducing a predetermined phase shift in a signal, said apparatus comprising an input terminal and an output terminal;
- a first unidirectionally conducting device connected from said input terminal to an intermediate junction;
a second unidirectionally conducting device connected from said intermediate junction to said output terminal;
first, second and third segments of transmission line connected from said input terminal, said intermediate terminal and said output terminal, respectively, to a common junction, said first, second and third segments of transmission line each being greater than one-quarter wavelength and less than one-half wavelength long at the frequency of said signal;
a third unidirectionally conducting device connected from said common junction to a third junction maintained at a substantially fixed reference potential; and
means coupled to said first, second and third unidirectionally conducting devices for selectively and simultaneously forward biasing or reverse biasing said first, second and third unidirectionally conducting devices thereby to selectively introduce said predetermined phase shift in said signal. - View Dependent Claims (4, 5, 6)
- a first unidirectionally conducting device connected from said input terminal to an intermediate junction;
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7. An apparatus for selectively introducing a predetermined phase shift in a signal, said apparatus comprising an input terminal and an output terminal;
- a first diode connected from said input terminal to an intermediate junction;
a second diode connected from said intermediate junction to said output terminal;
first, second and third segments of transmission line connected from said input terminal, said intermediate terminal and said output terminal, respectively, to a common junction, said first, second and third segments of transmission line each being greater than one-quarter wavelength and less than one-half wavelength long at the frequency of said signal;
a third diode connected from said common junction to a third junction maintained at a substantially fixed reference potential; and
means coupled to said first, second and third diodes for selectively and simultaneously forward biasing or reverse biasing said first, second and third diodes thereby to selectively introduce said predetermined phase shift in said signal.
- a first diode connected from said input terminal to an intermediate junction;
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8. An apparatus for selectively introducing a predetermined phase shift in a signal, said apparatus comprising an input terminal and an output terminal;
- a first diode connected from said input terminal to an intermediate junction;
a second diode connected from said intermediate junction to said output terminal, said first and second diodes being poled to allow bias current to flow away toward said intermediate junction;
first, second and third segments of transmission line connected from said input terminal, said intermediate junction and said output terminal, respectively, to a common junction, each of said first, second and third segments of transmission line being greater than one-quarter wavelength and less than one-half wavelength long at the frequency of said signal;
a third diode connected from said common junction to ground, said third diode being poled to allow bias current to flow towards said common junction;
means connected to said intermediate junction for maintaining said intermediate junction at quiescent ground potential; and
means connected to the cathodes of said first, second and third diodes for selectively and simultaneously forward or reverse biasing said first, second and third diodes thereby to selectively introduce said predetermined phase shift in said signal. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10)
- a first diode connected from said input terminal to an intermediate junction;
Specification