Method for production of heat and hydrogen gas

• US 3,993,577 A
• Filed: 12/08/1975
• Issued: 11/23/1976
• Est. Priority Date: 09/19/1974
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: the united states of america as represented by the secretary of the navy
• Original Assignee: the united states of america as represented by the secretary of the navy
• Inventors: Jenkins, James F., Black, Stanley A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lechert, Jr., Stephen J.
• Application Number:
  US05/638,712
• Time in Patent Office: 351 Days
• Field of Search: 252/188.3 R, 252/188, 423/657, 423/658, 280/150 AB
• US Class Current: 252/188.25
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 7/02 by wet methods
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 3/061 by reaction of metal oxides with water
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 3/10 by reaction of water vapour with metals
• CPC Class Codes: C25B 1/04 by electrolysis of water
• CPC Class Codes: F24V 30/00 Apparatus or devices using heat produced by exothermal chemical reactions other than combustion
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/065 by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/36 Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells

Abstract

Micro electrochemical cells which utilize an intimate mixture of active andassive metals are reacted with seawater for producing heat and hydrogen gas for use as a heat source, energy source, or buoyancy generator for use in remote areas.

Claims

1. The method of rapidly producing heat and hydrogen gas, comprising:

a. producing a composite powdered material consisting of an intimate mixture of magnesium and iron particles by placing finely divided magnesium and iron particles which range in size up to 590 microns in diameter and up to equal part by weight of iron particles to magnesium particles in a ball mill with an inert solvent and grinding the particles together until a substantial portion of the iron particles become embedded on the magnesium particles to form miniature shunted electrochemical cells and to increase the area of iron particles in contact with the magnesium particles, and removal of the solvent following the grinding;

b. adding seawater electrolyte to said composite material at a controlled rate for closely controlling the resulting exothermic reaction and thus the generation of heat and hydrogen.

2. A method as in claim 1 wherein said composite powdered material is compressed and formed into a rigid article of desired shape and dimensions prior to adding electrolyte thereto.

3. A method as in claim 2 wherein NaC1 particles are mixed with said composite powdered material prior to compressing into a rigid article such that only the addition of water is needed to dissolve the NaC1 and start electrochemical reaction.

4. A method as in claim 1 wherein said powdered metal particles are compressed together under a pressure of 37,500 psi to produce pelletized ironized magnesium which reacts with the electrolyte at a more uniform rate.

5. A method as in claim 1 wherein the ratio of active to passive metal particles by weight is 1 to 1.

6. A method as in claim 1 wherein said magnesium metal particles range in size up to 590 microns in diameter and said iron particles range in size up to 74 microns in diameter.

7. A method as in claim 1 wherein a slurry of composite powdered material is metered into a reactive chamber to produce a variable controlled reaction rate.

8. A method as in claim 2 wherein binders are also intimately mixed with said composite powdered material prior to compressing into a rigid article.

9. A method as in claim 2 wherein a trace element of mercury is added to the mixture.

10. A method as in claim 3 wherein a trace element of mercury is added to the mixture.