Variable gain electronic current transformer

• US 3,995,210 A
• Filed: 06/11/1975
• Issued: 11/30/1976
• Est. Priority Date: 11/06/1974
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Milkovic, Miran
• Primary Examiner(s): Pellinen, A. D.
• Application Number:
  US05/585,929
• Time in Patent Office: 538 Days
• Field of Search: 323/4, 323/16, 323/19, 323/94 H, 324/45, 324/103 R, 324/107, 324/117 H, 324/142
• US Class Current: 323/358
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 19/10 Measuring sum, difference or ratio
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 21/08 by using galvanomagnetic-effect devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices

Abstract

A variable gain electronic current transformer for detecting the current flow into a power consuming system. An operational amplifier amplifies the detected current and the output of the operational amplifier is converted into a magnetic flux field which is directed onto one surface of a Hall effect element. A variable current source supplies current to a second orthogonal surface of the Hall effect element to thereby generate an output voltage which is directly proportional to the product of the output of the operational amplifier and the variable current source. This output voltage from the Hall effect element is coupled back to the input of the operational amplifier. A second Hall effect element is positioned in the flux field generated at the output of the operational amplifier and in addition has a second variable current source coupled to one surface thereof so that the output of the second Hall effect element is a voltage which is proportional to the product of the output of the operational amplifier and the second variable current source. Accordingly, the output voltage of the second Hall effect element is directly proportional to the product of the detected current and the output of the second current source and is inversely proportional to the output of the first variable current source to thereby provide a current transformer having a large dynamic range depending upon the variance of the outputs of the first and second variable current sources.

Claims

1. A variable gain electronic current transformer comprising in combination:

means for sensing the current flow through a circuit,

operational amplifier means for amplifying said sensed current,

a first source of variable current,

means responsive to the output of said variable current source and said amplifier for generating a feed-back voltage having a magnitude which is proportional to the product of the output of said variable current source and the output of said amplifier, said feed-back voltage being coupled to the summing point input of said operational amplifier,

a second source of variable current,

means responsive to the output of said operational amplifier and said second current source for generating an output voltage, said output voltage being proportional to said sensed current and being directly variable in accordance with the output of said second current source and inversely variable in accordance with said first current source.

2. The variable gain electronic current transformer of claim 1 wherein said means responsive to the output of said first variable current source and said amplifier for generating a feedback voltage comprises a Hall effect device, and means for converting the output of said operational amplifier into a flux field having a magnitude proportional to the output of said operational amplifier, said flux field being directed through one plane of said Hall effect device and said output of said variable current source being directed through a second orthogonal plane of said Hall effect device, the output voltage of said Hall effect device being coupled back to the summing point input of said operational amplifier.

3. The variable gain electronic current transformer of claim 2 wherein said means responsive to the output of said operational amplifier and said second current source comprises a second Hall effect element, the magnetic field generated by the output of said operational amplifier being directed through one plane of said second Hall effect element and the output of said second variable current source being directed through a second orthogonal plane of said Hall effect element wherein the output of said second Hall effect element is directly proportional to said sensed current and is directly variable in accordance with the output of said second current source and inversely variable in accordance with said first current source.