Wide angle single channel projection apparatus

• US 3,998,532 A
• Filed: 04/08/1974
• Issued: 12/21/1976
• Est. Priority Date: 04/08/1974
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: the united states of america as represented by the secretary of the navy
• Original Assignee: the united states of america as represented by the secretary of the navy
• Inventors: Dykes, Wiley V.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hayes, Monroe H.
• Application Number:
  US05/459,143
• Time in Patent Office: 988 Days
• Field of Search: 352/69, 352/132, 352/198, 35/12 N, 35/12 W, 353/122, 350/21
• US Class Current: 352/69
• CPC Class Codes: G03B 37/00 Panoramic or wide-screen photography; Photographing extended surfaces, e.g. for surveying; Photographing internal surfaces, e.g. of pipe

Abstract

The invention utilizes a vertically positioned arc lamp and associated lampollector-reflector in conjunction with depending associated secondary and projection mirrors, the projection mirror being convex and centrally apertured to form an exit pupil closely adjacent and above the head of an observer and in the center of a curved projection screen to minimize perspective distortion of image as seen by the viewer. The invention further provides an elimination of shadow effect by the depending relationship of the apparatus and by the recessing of arc lamp electrode through an aperture in the lamp reflector. An adaption of image spacing by recessed fitting of image on film to adapt the film to intended projector image width is also an aspect of the invention.

Claims

1. In apparatus for producing panoramic scenes up to 360°

wide, comprising in combination;

a concave-mirror collector-reflector having an opening through the wall thereof at the apex thereof;

an elongated arc lamp extending through the opening in the wall at the apex of said concave mirror reflector-collector in such manner as to position the light emitting source portion thereof at the focal point of said concave mirror reflector-collector;

a condensing lens spatially disposed from said elongated arc lamp and said convex mirror collector-reflector in such manner that light rays from said arc lamp are reflected and directed by said mirror collector-reflector therethrough to a predetermined point of conversion;

a convex projector mirror spatially disposed from the side of the aforesaid condensing lens that is opposite said convex mirror collector-reflector and centrally apertured in such manner that the aperture thereof forms an exit pupil therethrough that coincides with the aforesaid point of conversion;

a concave mirror contoured to receive said light rays through the exit pupil of said convex projector mirror and spatially disposed therefrom in such manner as to reflect said light rays back to the convex mirror portion thereof, so as to be projected thereby;

means for positioning a film to be projected in the light ray path between said condensing lens and the exit pupil of said convex projector mirror;

a substantially spherical screen spatially disposed around said convex projector mirror in such manner that the center thereof concides with the aforesaid exit pupil and that the inside surface thereof receives rays projected by the convex mirror surface of said convex projector mirror;

support means effectively connected to said concave miror collector-reflector, said elongated arc lamp, said condensing lens, said convex projector mirror, said concave mirror, and said film positioning means for effecting the mounting thereof within said substantially spherical screen in such manner as to position the aforesaid exit pupil of said convex projector mirror at a position that is substantially coincident with the center of said substantially spherical screen; and

means disposed within said substantially spherical screen for seating a human viewer therein in such manner that the eyes thereof are in a close proximity with the aforesaid exit pupil as desired and for placing the head thereof in the shadow zone of the aforesaid concave mirror.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, further characterized by a curved light-transparent envelope included in said support means for protecting the mirror surfaces of said convex projector mirror and the aforesaid concave mirror from dust and other particles adverse thereto and the light projected and reflected thereby, respectively.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, further characterized by a film mounted for predetermined movement on said film positioning means.