System for continuous withdrawal of blood

• US 4,006,743 A
• Filed: 06/17/1975
• Issued: 02/08/1977
• Est. Priority Date: 01/15/1973
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Johns Hopkins University
• Original Assignee: Johns Hopkins University
• Inventors: Kowarski, Avinoam
• Primary Examiner(s): Medbery, Aldrich F.
• Application Number:
  US05/587,724
• Time in Patent Office: 602 Days
• Field of Search: 128/214 R, 128/214 B, 128/DIG. 1, 128/218 A, 128/214.4, 128/2 F
• US Class Current: 600/309
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/15003 for venous or arterial blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150229 Pumps for assisting the blood sampling
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150267 Modular design or construction, i.e. subunits are assembled separately before being joined together or the device comprises interchangeable or detachable modules
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150366 Blood collection bags, e.g. connected to the patient by a catheter comprising means for removing a small sample of collected blood from the bag collection bags as such A61J1/05, A61M1/0209
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150389 Hollow piercing elements, e.g. canulas, needles, for piercing the skin
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150519 Details of construction of hub, i.e. element used to attach the single-ended needle to a piercing device or sampling device
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150755 Blood sample preparation for further analysis, e.g. by separating blood components or by mixing
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150946 Means for varying, regulating, indicating or limiting the speed or time of blood collection
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/155 Devices specially adapted for continuous or multiple sampling, e.g. at predetermined intervals devices loaded with multiple lancets simultaneously A61B5/15146
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/157 Devices characterised by integrated means for measuring characteristics of blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 29/085 Macromolecular materials
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 33/0011 Anticoagulant, e.g. heparin, platelet aggregation inhibitor, fibrinolytic agent, other than enzymes, attached to the substrate
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 25/0111 Aseptic insertion devices
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 5/10 Heparin; Derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/01 Motorized syringe

Abstract

A small, portable, constant withdrawal device is connected to tubing, including a catheter, whose internal walls are coated with heparin. The catheter is inserted intravenously through a disposable needle into a subject such as a human being. The subject may then move about for a selected period when blood is being slowly withdrawn at a prescribed rate and collected in a container within a housing supporting the device. The collected blood may then be analyzed to permit the measurement of the integrated concentration of growth hormone or any substance whose concentration in blood fluctuates widely.

In addition, a portable microdiffusion chamber is incorporated between the indwelling catheter and the extra corporal tubing and is electrically connected through a sensing probe to an associated portable sensory responsive device. This permits analyzation of the extracted blood to determine the in vivo concentration of circulating concentrations of the diffusable fraction of biological materials in the blood.

Claims

1. A method for continuously withdrawing blood from a subject, comprising the steps of:

inserting a catheter having a nonthrohmbogenic passageway therethrough into a vein of a subject;

causing blood to move continuously from the vein into and through the passageway;

continuously collecting said blood withdrawn through the catheter; and

controlling the continuous withdrawal of said blood slowly from said vein at a pre-determined constant rate and for a pre-determined extended time during which the catheter is in the vein of the subject.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of causing blood to move continuously from the vein into and through the passageway includes the step of continually biasing inwardly at least a portion of that portion of the catheter which is disposed externally of the subject to continuously control the rate of passage of blood through the catheter.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the continuous withdrawal of blood through the catheter is controlled for a pre-determined extended time up to at least 24 hours.

4. The method of claim 5 wherein the anti-coagulant is heparin.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein said nonthrombogenic passageway of said catheter is so rendered by treatment thereof with an anticoagulant prior to insertion of said catheter into said vein.