Switching and activity compression between telephone lines and digital communication channels

• US 4,009,343 A
• Filed: 12/30/1974
• Issued: 02/22/1977
• Est. Priority Date: 12/30/1974
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Markey, Harold G., West, Lynn P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Robinson, Thomas A.
• Application Number:
  US05/537,211
• Time in Patent Office: 785 Days
• Field of Search: 179/15.55 T, 179/15 BA, 179/15 A, 179/15 BV, 179/15 BW, 179/15 BS, 179/15 AT, 179/15 AQ, 325/4, 343/100 ST, 340/172.5
• US Class Current: 370/321
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/18528 Satellite systems for providing two-way communications service to a network of fixed stations, i.e. fixed satellite service or very small aperture terminal [VSAT] system
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 3/17 in which the transmission channel allotted to a first user may be taken away and re-allotted to a second user if the first user becomes inactive, e.g. TASI speech analysis or identification G10L
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 11/04 for time-division multiplexing H04Q11/0001 takes precedence

Abstract

Digital exchange stations linked by earth satellite operate in a coordinately controllable time division switching and communication network system relative to externally attached telephone and data trunks. Modular switching equipment operating in coordination with satellite frames establishes and releases connection paths to trunk stores which interface with time and space domain channels of the system. Circuits through the system utilizing these paths are termed virtual connections because in different frames a circuit may be completed through different channels or even blocked under certain conditions. Telephone speech is converted between analog and digital forms relative to modular groups of 96 ports. Digital switching (slot interchange) equipment serving up to four groups (and cycling in coordination with satellite time division frames) cyclically completes local (intra-station) connections between ports and segments of toll (inter-station) connections between ports and locations in the trunk stores. The trunk stores comprise separate sections for system traffic bound to and from ports of the respective station. A duplicate arrangement of subsections in each section is alternately filled and emptied in successive frames; enabling the station to maintain continuity of communication relative to the system in successive frames. The 192 bit spaces of each location are filled in one frame and emptied in the next frame. Groups of 96 outbound locations are "virtually" associated for transmission with groups of 48 time division transmission channels of said facilities. The association operates by a process of selection termed voice activity compression (abbreviated VAC) based upon activity information developed at the port interface and carried through the switching equipment in positional association with trunk locations. The VAC process assigns only locations (virtual channels) containing activity to up to 46 of the 48 time channels, eliminating any excess of active virtual channels (over 46) in a selective order of priority. VAC mask information transmitted in a separate one of the 48 time channels indicates the virtual-to-real (96-to-46) assignment for the respective group in the respective frame. A bit in the mask for each virtual channel of the group indicates the assignment or elimination of the respective virtual channel. Assigned channels are transmitted in the time order of respective mask bits. Establishment of virtual connections is restricted system-wide by tables stored in the stations. These tables are subject to external modification and may contain path exclusion information enabling the system to remain effectively operational with inoperative elements.

Claims

1. In a network of multiplex switching stations linked via cyclically recurrent channels of communication facilities, each said station having multiple ports attachable to separate telephone and data line circuits external to said network and providing varied time division connection links between said line circuits and said facilities, representing segments of virtual connections relative to ports of other stations, station apparatus comprising:

means for coupling communicatively with an ordered group of said recurrent channels;

random access storage means containing a group of storage locations accessible in ordered association with said group of channels;

means coupled to said storage means and channel coupling means for operating in each said recurrence cycle to assign selected said storage locations to successive said channels for ordered communicative coupling with said channels;

multiplex switch means operating cyclically in coordination with said recurrence cycles and in cooperation with apparatus at other said stations for providing variable call connection links between said ports and storage locations;

means for monitoring activity context of voice and data signals being handled between said line circuits and said switch means; and

means supplying indications of said monitored activity to said channel assignment means in ordered association with locations receiving respective traffic for controlling selection of said locations by said channel assignment means.

2. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein the number of said part-to-storage-location connection links maintainable concurrently by said switch means exceeds the number of channels in said group of channels;

and said channel assignment means includes means responsive to said activity indications to compressively assign said locations by eliminating all locations containing inactivity.

3. Apparatus in accordance with claim 2 including means for cyclically generating information indicating the compressive assignments of said locations to said channels;

and

means for transmitting said assignment indicating information to other stations via said facilities.

4. Apparatus in accordance with claim 3 wherein at least a portion of said assignment indicating information is communicated over said channels.

5. Apparatus in accordance with claim 3 including means for communicating variations in said part-to-storage-location connection links to other stations as said variations occur, enabling said other stations to associate said transmitted assignment indicating information correctly with origin and destination ports paired in said virtual connections.

6. Apparatus in accordance with claim 3 wherein each said channel contains multi bit sub-channels, whereby a substantial efficiency may be realized in respect to the proportion of traffic information to assignment indicating information carried over said channels.

7. Apparatus in accordance with claim 3 wherein activity contained in selected ones of said locations being processed for assignment to said channels may be blocked from assignment to said channels upon occurrence of a traffic over-run condition in which the number of locations coincidentally active during a given said cycle exceeds the number of said channels;

and wherein said assignment indicating information is arranged to indicate said blocking.

8. A method of using m recurrent channels of a multiplex communication facility to convey information from n (greater than m) input source telephone and data trunk line circuits associated transmissively with one access node of said facility to n respective destination lines associated receivably with other access nodes of said facility comprising:

recurrently transferring information from said input line circuits into n randomly accessible stores switchably paired with said source lines;

varying the pairings of said line circuits and stores relative to the accessibility of said stores and said facility;

recurrently detecting the presence of activity and inactivity in said line circuits;

storing indications of said activity and inactivity in ordered association with said respectively paired stores;

recurrently assigning up to m of said stores for transmissive coupling, via up to m of said channels, with respective said destination lines; and

conditioning the selection of said up to m stores for said channel assignments upon said respective stored activity indications.

9. A method of communication according to claim 8 including:

using said stored activity and inactivity indications to distinguish between data activity, transitional telephone voice activity and continuing telephone voice activity contained in said stores;

detecting an over-run condition of concurrent activity in k (greater than m) of said stores; and

further conditioning said selections for channel assignments to block assignments to k-m of said active stores, giving preference for assignment to stores containing data activity over stores containing telephone voice activity and to stores containing continuing telephone activity over stores containing transitional telephone activity.

10. A method of communication according to claim 8 including:

generating information indicating said channel assignments; and

transmitting said channel assignment information over a channel of said facility separate from said m channels in ordered association with said n stores and up to m channels.

11. A method of communication according to claim 10 wherein:

said channels are digital information channels, each conveying multiple bits of information in each cycle of recurrence; and

said assignment indicating information comprises one bit for each of said n stores indicating the assignment or blocking of the respective store in each said cycle of recurrence.

12. A method of communicating according to claim 10 including:

receiving information originated at m remote input line circuits via m other recurrent channels of said facility for selective distribution to up to m out of n output line circuits paired in duplex associations with said n input lines

receiving channel assignment information useful to relate the information in said m other channels to said m output line circuits; and

distributing said remotely originated information to said m output line circuits in accordance with said received assignment information.

13. A method of communication according to claim 9 including:

cumulatively developing statistical information relative to occurrences of said blocking of channel assignments to stores containing activity; and

using said statistical information to restrict the said pairings of line circuits and stores.