Method of predicting and detecting ovulation

• US 4,010,738 A
• Filed: 04/02/1975
• Issued: 03/08/1977
• Est. Priority Date: 10/30/1974
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania (University of Pennsylvania)
• Original Assignee: Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania (University of Pennsylvania)
• Inventors: Preti, George, Huggins, George Richardson
• Primary Examiner(s): Howell, Kyle L.
• Application Number:
  US05/564,348
• Time in Patent Office: 706 Days
• Field of Search: 128/2 W, 128/2 R, 23/253 TP, 23/230 B
• US Class Current: 600/551
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 10/0012 Ovulation-period determination for animals A61D17/002
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2010/0006 involving a colour change
• CPC Class Codes: A61D 17/002 for detecting period of heat of animals, i.e. for detecting oestrus for humans A61B10/0012
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 436/906 Fertility tests
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/171538 Urea or blood urea nitrogen

Abstract

A method of monitoring the concentration of a given volatile organic compound, or of urea, or both, which compound(s) is commonly found in vaginal secretions is described as providing a reliable diagnostic indication of ovulation, and more particularly is described as providing a simple home-test method of predicting the onset of the fertile period, thereby increasing the reliability of the "rhythm method" of birth control.

Claims

1. A method of diagnosing the onset of the fertile period or ovulation in female mammals comprising the steps of:

a. monitoring the variation in concentration of the vaginal secretions of one of said mammals for urea, said variation corresponding to the onset of the fertile period or ovulation of said mammal; and

b. providing an indicator means for qualitatively and quantitatively responding to the concentration of said urea in said vaginal secretions;

whereby the response of said means is diagnostic of the onset of the fertile period or ovulation in said female mammal.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said indicator means comprises at least one chemically inert binder impregnated with chemical means for detecting the concentration of said urea.

3. The invention of claim 2, wherein the concentration of the urea is monitored by bringing each of a plurality of said binders into contact with the vaginal secretions of said female mammal at spaced apart intervals to determine variations in concentration of said organic compound in said secretions.

4. A method of diagnosing the onset of the fertile period or ovulation in a given female mammal comprising the steps of:

a. monitoring the variation in concentration of the vaginal secretions of said mammal for at least urea, said variation corresponding to the onset of the fertile period or ovulation of said mammal, by

providing indicator means for qualitatively and quantitatively responding to the concentration of said urea in said vaginal secretions; and

c. evaluatisng the correspondence of the variation in concentration of said urea to the time of ovulation as indicated by other ovulation indicators;

whereby said evaluation is diagnostic of ovulation in said given mammal.

5. The invention of claim 4, wherein said indicator means comprises at least one chemically inert binder impregnated with chemical means for detecting the concentration of said urea.

6. The invention of claim 5, wherein the concentration of the urea is monitored by bringing each of a plurality of said binders into contact with the vaginal secretions of said female mammal at spaced apart intervals to determine variations in concentration of said urea in said secretions.

7. A method of predicting the fertile period of female mammals comprising the steps of:

a. monitoring the variation in concentration of the vaginal secretions of one of said mammals for at least urea by beginning said monitoring at the cessation of the menses, said variation corresponding to the onset of the fertile period or ovulation of said mammal; and

b. providing an indicator means for qualitatively and quantitatively responding to the concentration of said compound in said vaginal secretions;

whereby the response of said means predicts the onset of the fertile period or ovulation of said mammal.

8. The invention of claim 7, wherein a first response of said indicator means indicating an increase in said urea concentration predicts the onset of the fertile period of said female mammal by at least 2 days.

9. The invention of claim 8, wherein a second response of said indicator means indicating an increase in said urea concentration and occurring at least four days after said first response predicts ovulation by at least 2 days.

10. The invention of claim 9, wherein said indicator means comprises at least one chemically inert binder impregnated with chemical means for detecting the concentration of said urea.

11. The invention of claim 10, wherein the concentration of urea is monitored by bringing each of a plurality of said binders into contact with the vaginal secretions of said human female at spaced apart intervals to determine the occurrence of said first and second responses.

12. The invention of claim 11, wherein said indicator means also qualitatively and quantitatively responds to the concentration of a volatile organic acid selected from the group consisting of acetic acid and lactic acid in said vaginal secretions, and wherein a first response indicating an increase in said organic acid and occurring at least 6 days after said first urea response is indicative of ovulation.

13. A method of predicting the fertile period of a given female mammal comprising the steps of:

a. monitoring the variation in concentration of the vaginal secretions of said female mammal for at least the urea found in said vaginal secretions, beginning after the cessation of menses, said variation corresponding to onset of the fertile period of said mammal, by

b. providing indicator means for qualitatively and quantitatively responding to said concentration of urea; and

c. evaluating the correspondence of said variation in concentration to the fertile period as indicated by other ovulation indicators;

whereby said evaluation is diagnostic of ovulation for said given mammal.

14. The invention of claim 13, wherein said indicator means is a gas-chromatograph.

15. The invention of claim 14, wherein said indicator means is brought into contact with the vaginal secretions of said female mammal at spaced apart intervals to determine variations in concentration of said urea.

16. The invention of claim 15, wherein said spaced apart intervals occur at least every thirty-six hours.

17. A method of predicting the fertile period of a human female comprising the steps of:

a. impregnating a plurality of binders with chemical means for detecting the concentration of urea thereby forming a plurality of impregnated binders;

b. bringing each of said impregnated binders into contact with the vaginal secretions of said female at spaced apart intervals to determine the variations in concentration of urea present in said secretions; and

c. observing the variations in concentration of urea in said secretions as indicated by said impregnated binder, a normal concentration of said urea appearing after the cessation of menses;

a first increase in said urea concentration over said normal concentration predicting the onset of said fertile period by at least 2 days, and a second increase over said normal concentrations occurring at least 4 days after said first increase predicting ovulation by at least 2 days.

18. The invention of claim 17, wherein said binders are feminine tampons.

19. The invention of claim 17, wherein said chemical means for detecting the concentration of urea respond with a color change reaction which gives a direct linear indication on said means of the concentration of said urea.

20. A birth control method comprising the steps of:

a. predicting the fertile period of a female mammal by monitoring the variation in concentration of the vaginal secretions of said mammal for urea by beginning said monitoring at the cessation of menses;

b. providing an indicator means for qualitatively and quantitatively responding to the concentration of said urea in said vaginal secretions whereby a first response of said indicator means indicating an increase in said urea concentration predicts the onset of the fertile period of said female mammal by at least two days, and wherein a second response of said indicator means indicating an increase in said urea concentration and occurring at least four days after said first response predicts ovulation by at least two days, and

c. causing said mammal to avoid exposure to fertilization beginning no more than two days after said first increase and ending at least seventy-two hours after said second increase.