Multipurpose metabolic assist system

• US 4,013,564 A
• Filed: 03/17/1975
• Issued: 03/22/1977
• Est. Priority Date: 03/17/1975
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited)
• Original Assignee: Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited)
• Inventors: Nose, Yukihiko
• Primary Examiner(s): Spear, Jr., Frank A.
• Application Number:
  US05/559,395
• Time in Patent Office: 736 Days
• Field of Search: 210/22, 210/321, 210/434, 210/DIG. 23
• US Class Current: 210/434
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3472 with treatment of the filtrate
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3475 with filtrate treatment agent in the same enclosure as the membrane
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3486 Biological, chemical treatment, e.g. chemical precipitation; treatment by absorbents

Abstract

A multipurpose metabolic assist system has an inlet passageway, an outlet passageway, a treated blood component passageway spaced from the inlet passageway and extending to the outlet passageway. The system has at least one space between at least a portion of the inlet passageway and a portion of the treated blood component passageway, and a particulate treatment agent for treating a component of the blood is packed in said space. At least a portion of the inlet passageway and the treated blood collection passageway which face the space are constituted by a porous membrane having pores of a size smaller than the size of the particles of the treatment agent and of a size for passing a component of the blood to be treated, and blocking passage of the remainder of the blood. A flow obstructor for producing an increased pressure is provided in the inlet passageway. When blood is supplied to the inlet passageway, the component of the blood to be treated is passed through the membranes and the treatment agent and the component is treated and the treated component is collected in the treated blood component passageway and supplied to the outlet passageway.

Claims

1. An apparatus for treating blood, comprising an inlet passageway means, an outlet passageway means, a treated blood component passageway means spaced from said inlet passageway means and being connected directly to said outlet passageway means, said apparatus having at least one space between at least a portion of said inlet passageway means and a portion of said treated blood component passageway, a particulate treatment agent for treating a component of the blood for removing undesirable materials from the blood, said agent being taken from the group consisting of an adsorption agent, a decomposition agent, an agent reacting chemically for removal of the undesirable materials and an agent reacting biologically for removal of the undesirable materials, said treatment agent being packed in said space, at least a portion of the inlet passageway means and the treated blood component passageway means which face said space being constituted by a porous membrane having pores of a size smaller than the size of the particles of the treatment agent and of the size for passing a component of the blood to be treated, and blocking passage of the remainder of the blood, and flow obstruction means for producing an increased pressure in said inlet passageway means, whereby when blood is supplied to the inlet passageway means, only the component of the blood to be treated is passed through the membrane of the inlet passageway means and said treatment agent, and the component is treated and the treated component from which the undesirable material has been removed is passed through the membrane of the blood component passageway and is collected in the treated blood component passageway means and supplied to said outlet passageway means and rejoins the remainder of the blood therein.

2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which said membranes have pores of a size ranging from 0.05 to 20μ

whereby the plasma component of blood can be passed and the cellular components will not be passed by the membranes.

3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2 in which the treatment agent is a biological treatment agent and the pores have a size ranging from 0.1 to 0.2μ

.

4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2 in which the treatment agent is a material taken from the group consisting of activated carbon, alumina and ion exchange resin, and the pores have a size of about 1μ

.

5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a housing, a membrane within said housing and enclosing a space therewithin, said membrane being spaced from the inside of said housing to define a treated blood component space, the space within said membrane having said treatment material therein, and porous membrane conduit means extending into said space and constituting said inlet passageway means.

6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a housing, said housing having the treatment material therein, and membrane means positioned within said housing for defining the inlet passageway means, outlet passageway means and treated blood component passageway means therein.

7. An apparatus for treating blood, comprising a housing, said housing having an inlet at one end thereof and an outlet at the other end thereof, an annular membrane within said housing defining a space therewithin and spaced from the inside wall of said housing to define a treated blood component passageway therebetween, a plurality of tubular membranes extending through said annular membrane parallel with the axis thereof and spaced from each other and from said annular membrane, the space within said annular membrane around said tubular membranes having a particulate treatment agent for treating a component of the blood packed therein for removing undesirable materials from the blood, said agent being taken from the group consisting of an adsorption agent, a decomposition agent, an agent reacting chemically for removal of the undesirable materials and an agent reacting biologically for removal of the undesirable materials, said membranes being porous membranes having pores of a size smaller than the size of the particles of the treatment agent and of a size for passing the component of the blood to be treated and blocking passage of the remainder of the blood, a treated blood component return conduit connected between said treated blood component passageway and said outlet, and flow obstruction means in the outlet between said housing and the point at which said conduit is connected thereto, whereby when blood is supplied to the housing inlet, only the component of the blood to be treated is passed through the tubular membranes and said treatment agent, and the component is treated and the treated component from which the undesirable material has been removed is passed through the annular membrane and is collected in the treated blood component passageway and supplied to said housing outlet and rejoins the remainder of the blood therein.

8. An apparatus for treating blood, comprising a housing, said housing having an inlet at one end thereof and an outlet at the other end thereof, an annular membrane within said housing defining a space therewithin and spaced from the inside wall of said housing to define a treated blood component passageway therebetween, a plurality of tubular membranes extending through said annular membrane parallel with the axis thereof and spaced from each other and from said annular membrane, the space within said annular membrane around said tubular membranes having a particulate treatment agent for treating a component of the blood packed therein for removing undesirable materials from the blood, said agent being taken from the group consisting of an adsorption agent, a decomposition agent, an agent reacting chemically for removal of the undesirable materials and an agent reacting biologically for removal of the undesirable materials, said membranes being porous membranes having pores of a size smaller than the size of the particles of the treatment agent and of a size for passing the component of the blood to be treated and blocking passage of the remainder of the blood, a treated blood component return conduit connected between said treated blood component passageway and said inlet, and pump means in said return conduit, whereby when blood is supplied to the housing inlet, only the component of the blood to be treated is passed through the tubular membranes and said treatment agent, and the component is treated and the treated component from which the undesirable material has been removed is passed through the annular membrane and is collected in the treated blood component passageway and recycled to the inlet by said pump means.

9. An apparatus for treating blood, comprising a housing, an annular membrane within said housing defining a space therewithin and spaced from the inside wall of said housing to define a treated blood component passageway therebetween, a flattened tubular membrane coiled within said annular membrane around an axis parallel with the axis of said annular membrane and with the spires of the coil spaced from each other and from said annular membrane, the space within said annular membrane around said spires having a particulate treatment agent for treating a component of the blood packed therein for removing undesirable materials from the blood, said agent being taken from the group consisting of an adsorption agent, a decomposition agent, an agent reacting chemically for removal of the undesirable materials and an agent reacting biologically for removal of the undesirable materials, said membranes being porous membranes having pores of a size smaller than the size of the particles of the treatment agent and of a size for passing the component of the blood to be treated and blocking passage of the remainder of the blood, a blood inlet tube connected to one end of said coiled tubular membrane, a blood outlet tube connected to the other end of said coiled tubular membrane, and a treated blood component return conduit connected between said treated blood component passageway and said outlet tube, whereby when blood is supplied to the interior of the tubular membrane, only the component of the blood to be treated is passed through the tubular membrane and said treatment agent, and the component is treated and the treated component from which the undesirable material has been removed is passed through the annular membrane and is collected in the treated blood component passageway and supplied to said blood outlet tube and rejoins the remainder of the blood therein.

10. An apparatus for treating blood, comprising a housing, a membrane within said housing defining a space therewithin and spaced from the inside wall of said housing to define a treated blood component passageway therebetween, a blood inlet tube extending into said housing and said space, a tubular membrane connected to the end of said blood inlet tube and extending in a sinuous path through said space, and blood outlet tube connected to the other end of said tubular membrane and extending out of said space and said housing, the space within said membrane and around said tubular membrane having a particulate treatment agent for treating a component of the blood packed therein for removing undesirable materials from the blood, said agent being taken from the group consisting of an adsorption agent, a decomposition agent, an agent reacting chemically for removal of the undesirable materials and an agent reacting biologically for removal of the undesirable materials, said membranes being porous membranes having pores of a size smaller than the size of the particles of the treatment agent and of a size for passing the component of the blood to be treated and blocking passage of the remainder of the blood, and a treated blood component return conduit connected between said treated blood component passageway and said outlet tube, whereby when blood is supplied to the blood inlet tube, only the component of the blood to be treated is passed through the tubular membrane and said treatment agent, and the component is treated and the treated component from which the undesirable material has been removed is passed through the annular membrane and is collected in the treated blood component passageway and supplied to said blood outlet tube and rejoins the remainder of the blood therein.

11. An apparatus for treating blood, comprising a housing, a plurality of spaced parallel plate-shape membranes mounted in said housing, a portion of the periphery of each membrane being spaced from the interior wall of the housing and the remainder of the periphery being in fluid tight engagement with the interior wall of the housing, the membrane adjacent one wall of the housing being spaced from said one wall to define therewith a blood inlet passageway and the membrane adjacent a wall of the housing opposite the said one wall being spaced from said lastmentioned wall to define therewith a blood outlet passageway, the remaining membranes being in pairs and defining between them passageways, all of said passageways having a cross-sectional area in a direction parallel to the membranes equal to the cross-sectional area of said housing in said direction, the pairs of membranes being spaced from each other and the spaces between the pairs of membranes and said membrane adjacent said one wall of the housing and said membrane adjacent the opposite wall of the housing having a particulate treatment for treating a component of the blood packed therein for removing undesirable materials from the blood, said agent being taken from the group consisting of an adsorption agent, a decomposition agent, an agent reacting chemically for removal of the undesirable materials and an agent reacting biologically for removal of the undesirable materials, said membranes being porous membranes having pores of a size smaller than the size of the particles of the treatment agent and of a size for passing the component of blood to be treated and blocking passage of the remainder of the blood, and passageway wall means extending between the portions of the peripheries of the pairs of membranes which are spaced from the wall of the housing and extending along the walls of the housing and defining therewith transverse passageway portions, said transverse passageway portions being at one end of the membrane adjacent the one wall of the housing and the next adjacent pair of membranes, at the other end of said next adjacent pair of membranes and the still next adjacent pair of membranes, and at alternate ends of the succeeding pairs of membranes for defining a sinuous passageway through the housing, the dimension of the transverse passageway portions in the direction between the passageway wall means and the wall of the housing being less than the dimension between parallel membranes of the pairs of membranes for creating a constriction in the sinuous passageway, whereby when blood is supplied to the blood inlet passageway, only the component of the blood to be treated is passed through the upstream plate-shaped membranes of the pairs of membranes and said treatment agent, and the component is treated and the treated component from which the undesirable material has been removed is passed through the downstream membranes of the pairs of membranes and rejoins the blood in the sinuous passageway.

12. An apparatus as claimed in claim 11 in which said membranes are horizontally positioned in the housing.

13. An apparatus as claimed in claim 11 in which the membranes are vertically positioned in said housing.

14. An apparatus as claimed in claim 11 in which at least one of the spaces between a pair of parallel membranes has a screen therein having a size the same as the size of the membrane and being of a material inert to the blood for evening the flow through the passageway.