Apparatus for indicating synchronization and out-of-synchronization conditions

• US 4,022,973 A
• Filed: 05/12/1975
• Issued: 05/10/1977
• Est. Priority Date: 05/12/1975
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Ericsson GE Mobile Communications Inc (Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson)
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Taylor, Theodore E., Stackhouse, Bill L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Safourek, Benedict V.
• Application Number:
  US05/576,279
• Time in Patent Office: 729 Days
• Field of Search: 178/53, 178/69.5 R, 179/15 BS, 328/55, 328/63
• US Class Current: 375/365
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/4904 using self-synchronising codes, e.g. split-phase codes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/041 using special codes as synchronising signal
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/042 Detectors therefor, e.g. correlators, state machines digital correlators in general G06F17/15
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/046 using a dotting sequence

Abstract

In a radio communication system having a transmitter at a first location for sending binary messages to a receiver at a second location, it is necessary that the receiver be synchronized with the binary message so that the start or beginning of the message can be accurately determined. This synchronization is provided by synchronizing words spaced in each binary message, each synchronizing word having a predetermined sequence of binary values. If a receiver receives two synchronizing words having the predetermined binary values, it produces an in-synchronization signal so that messages will be properly received. If, after the in-synchronization signal is provided, a predetermined consecutive number of synchronizing words failing to have the predetermined sequences are received, then the receiver produces an out-of-synchronization signal. The in-synchronization and out-of-synchronization signals provide reliable operation of receivers which receive binary messages.

Claims

1. For use in a radio communication system having at least a transmitter at a first location and at least a receiver at a second location for communicating therebetween synchronizing apparatus comprising:

a. means adapted to be connected to said receiver for deriving binary signals therefrom;

b. means connected to said deriving means for producing a message in-synchronization signal in response to derived binary signals having first response to derived binary signals having first and second sequential sysnchronizing words, each of which has a determined sequence of binary values;

c. and means connected to said deriving means for causing said producing means to produce a message out-of-synchronization signal in response to derived binary signals having a plurality of consecutive synchronizing words, each of which has a sequence of binary values that differ from said predetermined sequences of binary values.

2. The synchronizing apparatus of claim 1 wherein said plurality of different sequential synchronizing words comprises five synchronizing words without any intermediate synchronizing words which have said predetermined values.

3. For use in a radio communication system having at least a transmitter at a first location and a receiver at a second location for receiving messages therefrom, synchronizing apparatus comprising:

a. means adapted to be connected to said receiver for deriving binary messages therefrom, each derived binary message having first, second, and third synchronizing words spaced therein;

b. means connected to said deriving means for producing a message in-synchronization signal in response to said first and second synchronizing word each having a predetermined sequence of binary values;

c. means connected to said deriving means for counting the consecutive number of said synchronizing words which have an error in their respective predetermined sequence of binary values;

d. means connected between said counting means and said producing means for removing said message in-synchronization signal in response to said consecutive number of erroneous synchronization words totaling a predetermined plurality;

e. and means connected between said producing means and said counting means for resetting said counting means to zero in response to each in-synchronization signal produced.

4. The synchronizing apparatus of claim 3 wherein said predetemined plurality of erroneous synchronizing words is five.

5. Apparatus for synchronizing a receiver with a transmitted message formed by a sequence of binary bits, said message having a plurality of synchronizing words spaced therein, each of said synchronizing words formed by a predetermined number and sequence of binary bits, said apparatus comprising;

a. means connected to said receive for registering at least said predetermined number of each synchronizing word as received;

b. means connected to said registering means for detecting a first predetermined synchronizing word, for detecting a second predetermined synchronizing word following detection of said first predetermined synchronizing word, and for producing an in-synchronization signal following detection of said second predetermined synchronizing word;

c. means connected to said registering means for detecting and counting erroneous synchronizing words and for producing an error signal in response to a predetermined plurality of sequential erroneous synchronizing words being detected;

d. means connecting said predetermined word detecting means to said erroneous detecting means for reducing the counted erroneous words to zero in response to each detected correction synchronizing word following detection of said second predetermined synchronizing word;

e. and means connected said erroneous detecting means to said predetermined word detecting means for causing removal of said in-synchronization signal in response to said error signal.

6. The synchronizing apparatus of claim 5 wherein said first predetermined synchronizing word comprises the binary sequence 011100100, and said second predetermined synchronizing word comprises the binary sequence 100011011.

7. The synchronizing apparatus of claim 5 wherein said first predetermined synchronizing word comprises the binary sequence 001001110, and said second predetermined synchronzing word comprises the binary sequence 110110001.