Internally coated reaction vessel for use in olefinic polymerization

• US 4,024,301 A
• Filed: 05/02/1975
• Issued: 05/17/1977
• Est. Priority Date: 05/02/1975
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: The Geon Co. (Avient Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Goodrich Corporation (Raytheon Technologies Corporation d/b/a RTX)
• Inventors: Witenhafer, Donald E., Cohen, Louis, Haehn, James B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Smith, Ronald H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Frenkel, Stuart D.
• Application Number:
  US05/574,037
• Time in Patent Office: 746 Days
• Field of Search: 427/230, 427/239, 428/35, 260/29.2 N, 260/47 R, 260/92 AW, 23/285, 23/252 A, 526/62
• US Class Current: 427/230
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 2/004 by a prior coating on the reactor walls
• CPC Class Codes: C08G 73/026 Wholly aromatic polyamines

Abstract

This invention relates to a polymerization reaction vessel having a coating on the inner surfaces thereof resulting from applying thereto a coating composition containing, as a primary ingredient, a straight chain or branched polyaromatic amine dissolved in an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution. When polymerizing olefinic monomers, such as vinyl halides, vinylidene halides, and vinylidene monomers having at least one terminal CH₂ =C< grouping, and mixtures thereof, in the presence of said coating, polymer build-up on the inner surfaces of the reaction vessel is substantially eliminated. Further, multiple charges or batches of polymer can be made in said internally coated reaction vessel without opening the same between charges thus preventing the escape of unreacted monomer to the atmosphere.

Claims

1. A process for substantially eliminating the build-up of polymers on the internal surfaces of a polymerization reaction vessel which comprises applying to said surfaces a coating solution comprised of a straight chain or branched polyaromatic amine having a molecular weight greater than about 250 and having at least 2 --OH groups per 1000 molecular weight dissolved in an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution, said polyaromatic amine having the structure selected from the group consisting of ##STR14## wherein (1) A, B, and C are selected from the group consisting of ##STR15## wherein R₃ is --H, halogen, or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different;

R₄ is --H, --OH, --NH₂ or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different; and

R₅ is ##STR16## or a straight chain or branched alkylene or alkylidene group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and

##STR17## wherein R₃ and R₄ are the same as for (a); and

wherein A, B, and C may be the same or different and each repeating unit may be the same or different;

(2) R₁ and R₂ are either --H, --OH, --NH₂, or ##STR18## and may be the same or different and wherein R₃ and R₄ are the same as for (a); and

(3) x is an integer from 1 to 20 and y is an integer from 0 to 20; and

##STR19## wherein (4) A, B, R₁, R₃, R₄ and R₅ are the same as in I and R₂ is --H, or ##STR20## as defined in (2); and

(5) x is an integer from 1 to 4 and y is an integer from 1 to 15.

2. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine has the structure (I).

3. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine has the structure (II).

4. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of a polyamino benzene having the formula ##STR21## wherein R₁ is --H, --NH₂, --OH or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms;

and R₂ is --H, halogen or an alkyl group as defined for R₁, and a polyhydric phenol having the formula ##STR22## wherein R₃ is --H, --NH₂, --OH or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and

R₄ is --H, halogen or an alkyl group as defined for R₃.

5. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of a polyamino benzene having the formula ##STR23## wherein R₁ is --H, --NH₂, --OH or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms;

and R₂ is --H, halogen, or an alkyl group as defined for R₁, and a compound selected from the group consisting of diphenylamines, alkyl-substituted diphenylamines and other compounds all having the formula ##STR24## wherein R is ##STR25## or a straight chain or branched alkylene or alkylidene group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and

R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ may each be --H, --NH₂, --OH, halogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and at least 1 of which is --OH.

6. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of a polyamino benzene having the formula ##STR26## wherein R₁ is --H, --NH₂, --OH or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms;

and R₂ is --H, halogen or an alkyl group as defined for R₁, and an aminophenol or an alkyl-substituted aminophenol having the formula ##STR27## wherein R₅ is --H, --NH₂, --OH or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and

R₆ is --H, --NH₂, halogen or an alkyl group as defined for R₅.

7. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of an aminophenol or an alkyl-substituted aminophenol having the formula ##STR28## wherein R₅ is --H, --NH₂, --OH or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms;

and R₆ is --H, --NH₂, halogen or an alkyl group as defined for R₅, and a compound selected from the group consisting of diphenylamines, alkyl-substituted diphenylamines and other compounds all having the formula ##STR29## wherein R is ##STR30## or a straight chain or branched alkylene or alkylidene group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and

R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ may each be --H, --NH₂, --OH, halogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and at least one of which is --OH or --NH₂.

8. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of a polyhydric phenol having the formula ##STR31## wherein R₃ is --H, --NH₂, --OH or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms;

and R₄ is --H, halogen or an alkyl group as defined for R₃, and a compound selected from the group consisting of diphenylamines and alkyl-substituted diphenylamines and other compounds all having the formula ##STR32## wherein R is ##STR33## or a straight chain or branched alkylene or alkylidene group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and

R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ may each be --H, --NH₂, --OH, halogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and at least 1 of which is --NH₂.

9. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the coating solution contains from about 0.10% to about 20.0% by weight of the polyaromatic amine.

10. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the alkali metal hydroxide is sodium hydroxide.

11. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the alkali metal hydroxide is potassium hydroxide.

12. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the alkali metal hydroxide is lithium hydroxide.

13. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine has a molecular weight in the range of about 250 to about 1000.

14. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of m-phenylenediamine and resorcinol.

15. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of m-phenylenediamine and bisphenol A.

16. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of o-phenylenediamine and resorcinol.

17. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is a self-condensed aminophenol.

18. A process as defined in claim 14 wherein the alkali metal hydroxide is sodium hydroxide.

19. A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the aqueous solution is from about 0.1% to about 25.0% by weight.

20. A process as defined in claim 19 wherein the coating solution contains from about 0.10% to about 20.0% by weight of the polyaromatic amine.

21. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine has a softening point in the range of about 65°

C. to about 150°

C.

22. A process as defined in claim 20 wherein the polyaromatic amine has a softening point in the range of about 65°

C. to about 150°

C.

23. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of m-phenylenediamine, resorcinol and p-aminophenol.

24. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of m-phenylenediamine, resorcinol, phloroglucinol and m-aminophenol.

25. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is a self-condensed reaction product containing at least one --OH group and at least one --NH₂ group.