Chirp communication system

• US 4,037,159 A
• Filed: 11/01/1974
• Issued: 07/19/1977
• Est. Priority Date: 11/01/1974
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Harris Corporation (L3Harris Technologies, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Harris Corporation (L3Harris Technologies, Inc.)
• Inventors: Martin, Albert R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Birmiel, Howard A.
• Application Number:
  US05/520,060
• Time in Patent Office: 991 Days
• Field of Search: 343/17.2 PC, 325/42, 325/43, 325/65, 325/30, 325/126, 325/32, 333/30 R, 333/72
• US Class Current: 375/343
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/36 Means for anti-jamming , e.g. ECCM, i.e. electronic counter-counter measures
• CPC Class Codes: H04K 3/25 based on characteristics of target signal or of transmission as countermeasure against surveillance H04K3/827, e.g. using direct sequence spread spectrum or fast frequency hopping spread spectrum techniques H04B1/69

Abstract

A communication system that is difficult to jam has a transmitter transmitting successive chirp signals, which start at different initial frequencies and all have the same frequency - time slope. At the transmitter successive selections are made from among the different available chirp signal frequencies in accordance with a predetermined pseudorandom program that is known at the receiving station. The receiver has a chirp matched filter capable of receiving all of the different chirps but, being a distributed filter, it delays the different received chirps by differing amounts depending upon the initial frequency of each chirp. The output of the chirp filter is envelope-detected, and the resulting pulse signal is passed through a time gate that is gated on at a time that is selected in accordance with the predetermined program. The system has advantages for anti-jam communications, multiple-access communications, frequency diversity radio, and coding using multiple frequencies, as examples. The chirp matched filter is conveniently a surface wave device.

Claims

1. Apparatus for communicating between stations comprising means including a surface wave device for producing an information bearing chirp signal starting at any one of a plurality of initial frequencies in a range, and means for transmitting said chirp signal, means for receiving said chirp signal including a unitary matched surface wave device serving as an unitary distributed filter means having time invariant parameters for compressing chirp signals starting at any of said initial frequencies in said range, and means responsive to said compressed chirp signals for recovering the information content therefrom.

2. Apparatus for communicating between stations as defined in claim 1 and wherein said means for producing said chrip signal comprises means for selecting a chirp signal having one of said plurality of initial frequencies in accordance with predetermined criteria for generating a sequence of chirp signals.

6. Apparatus for communicating between stations as defined in claim 1 and wherein said means for transmitting a chirp signal comprises means for transmitting a chirp signal whose rate of change of frequency with respect to time is the same irrespective of said initial frequency.

7. Apparatus for communicating between stations as defined in claim 1 and wherein said unitary distributed filter means adapted for chirp signals includes a surface wave device for compressing the energy distributed in said chirp signal into a pulse having a shorter duration than said chirp signal.

8. Apparatus for communicating between stations as defined in claim 1 and wherein said unitary distributed filter means comprises matched filter means having an impulse response of the same rate of change of frequency, twice the frequency sweep, and twice the time duration of one of said chirp signals.

10. Apparatus for communicating between stations as defined in claim 1 and further comprising an envelope detector following said unitary distributed filter means for detecting an output signal from said filter means.

3. Apparatus for communicating between stations comprising means including a surface wave device for producing a chirp signal starting at any of a plurality of initial frequencies in a range and further including means for selecting a chirp signal having one of said plurality of initial frequencies in accordance with predetermined criteria for generating a sequence of chirp signals, means for transmitting said chirp signal, means for receiving said chirp signal including a unitary matched surface wave device serving as an unitary distributed filter means having time invariant parameters for compressing chirp signals starting at any of said initial frequencies in said range, and wherein said distributed filter means comprises means for producing an output signal after a time delay that varies in dependence upon said initial frequency, and wherein said means for receiving said chirp signal further comprises gating means following said filter for producing a time window for passing the output signal of said filter including means for changing the time of occurrence of said time window to pass signals from chirps having any one of said initial frequencies.

4. Apparatus for communicating between stations as defined in claim 3 and wherein said means for changing the time of occurrence of said time window includes means for selectively setting said time of occurrence in accordance with said predetermined criteria for generating a sequence.

5. Apparatus for communicating between stations as defined in claim 4 and further comprising a code tracking circuit comprising means for correcting the time of occurrence of subsequent time window intervals of said gating means.

9. Apparatus for communicating between stations comprising means including a surface wave device for producing a chirp signal starting at any one of a plurality of initial frequencies in a range, means for transmitting said chip signal, means for receiving said chirp signal including a unitary matched surface wave device serving as an unitary distributed filter means having time invariant parameters for compressing chirp signals starting at any of said initial frequencies in said range, and wherein said means for receiving said chirp signal further comprises local timing means producing control signals, and means preceding said unitary distributed filter means for gating on the received chirp signal for the duration of the chirp in response to said control signals of said local timing means.

11. Apparatus for communicating between stations comprising means including a surface wave device for producing a chirp signal starting at any one of a plurality of initial frequencies in a range, means for transmitting said chirp signal, means for receiving said chirp signal including a unitary matched surface wave device serving as an unitary distributed filter means having time invariant parameters for compressing chirp signals starting at any of said initial frequencies in said range, and wherein said chirp signal represents one data state, and comprising means including a second surface wave device for transmitting a distinguishably different second chirp signal representing a second data state, and further comprising modulation means for selecting said first and second chirp signals in accordance with information to be communicated.

12. Apparatus for communicating between spaced apart stations comprising means including an unitary surface wave device for producing an succession of chirp signals each starting at one of a plurality of initial frequencies within a range and having a fixed slope of frequency variation with respect to time, means for selecting one of said plurality of initial frequencies for each of said chirp signals in accordance with predetermined criteria for generating a sequence, means for transmitting said chirp signals, means spaced apart from said transmitting means for receiving said chirp signals including an unitary matched surface wave device serving as an unitary distributed filter means having time invariant parameters for receiving chirp signals starting at any of said initial frequencies within said range and for producing an output signal due to each chirp signal after a time delay dependent upon said initial frequency, gating means for producing a time window for passing said output signals from said filter means and time adjustable to pass output signals due to chirps having any of said initial frequencies, and means for selectively adjusting the time of occurrence of said time window in accordance with said predetermined criteria.

13. Apparatus for communicating between spaced apart stations as defined in claim 12 and wherein said chirp signals represent one data state, and comprising means including a second unitary surface wave device for transmitting and receiving distinguishably different second chirp signals representing a second data state, and further comprising modulation means for selecting said first and second chirp signals in accordance with information to be communicated.