Method and apparatus for fluid flow control
First Claim
1. In a system for parenteral administration of liquids at desired drop flow rates through a feeding tube from a liquid source to a patient, the combination comprising:
- electromechanical output control means for manipulating the feeding tube to vary the flow of liquid in the feeding tube;
electrical pulsing means for providing output pulses to operate said output control means, said output control means being inactive during the periods between said output pulses in a pulse train, said output pulses being at a substantially higher frequency than the desired drop flow rate frequency; and
digital memory and timing means for automatically predetermining and varying the pulse width of said output pulses operating said control means, to achieve the desired drop flow rate.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A digital system wherein a wide variety of different electromechanical output control devices, e.g., stepping motor pump or solenoid actuated I.V. tube pincher, is driven by electrical output pulses of varible frequency and pulse width from a digital pulse generation and control system, the frequency and pulse width of the output pulses being selected and controlled by the system to establish drop flow rates with digital precision over an extremely wide dynamic range. Pulse width is determined by the relative states of a pair of digital counters in a digital memory, frequency being determined by a high, preferably non-integral, multiple of the desired drop flow rate. The equivalent of negative pulse width in the digital memory can be effectively utilized to expand the effective dynamic range of the memory for specified types of electromechanical output devices. A start up subsystem temporarily presets the initial pulse rate and speeds up early regulation. Duty cycle limitation and visual output pulse width monitoring is also provided. Appropriate alarms also respond to a variety of out-of-limit conditions.
95 Citations
102 Claims
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1. In a system for parenteral administration of liquids at desired drop flow rates through a feeding tube from a liquid source to a patient, the combination comprising:
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electromechanical output control means for manipulating the feeding tube to vary the flow of liquid in the feeding tube; electrical pulsing means for providing output pulses to operate said output control means, said output control means being inactive during the periods between said output pulses in a pulse train, said output pulses being at a substantially higher frequency than the desired drop flow rate frequency; and digital memory and timing means for automatically predetermining and varying the pulse width of said output pulses operating said control means, to achieve the desired drop flow rate. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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20. In a system for parenteral administration of liquids at a desired drop flow rate through a feeding tube from a liquid source to a patient, the combination comprising:
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output control means for determining the rate of drop flow of liquid in the feeding tube; electrical pulsing means for providing successive output pulses to said output control means, said output control means being inactive during the periods between said output pulses in a pulse train, said output pulses being at a substantially higher frequency than the desired drop flow rate frequency; and counting means for varying the pulse width of each of said output pulses, to achieve the desired drop flow rate. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39)
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40. In a system for parenteral administration of liquids at a desired drop flow rate via a feeding tube from a liquid source to a patient, the combination comprising:
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electromechanical output control means for varying fluid flow in the feeding tube; electrical pulsing means for providing output pulses to said output control means, said output control means being inactive during the periods between said output pulses in a pulse train, said output pulses being at a substantially higher frequency than the desired drop flow rate frequency; digital pulse generation and rate determination means for generating command pulses to selectively control the frequency of said output pulses and the time of initiation of each of said output pulses; and digital memory means for automatically determining the pulse width of each of said output pulses. - View Dependent Claims (41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56)
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57. In a parenteral infusion system, the combination comprising:
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output means for controlling fluid flow in a feeding tube; electrical pulsing means for providing output pulses to said output means, said output means being inactive during the periods between said output pulses in a pulse train; digital counting means for predetermining and varying the pulse width of said output pulses; and visual display means indicating the range of magnitudes of the pulse widths of said output pulses. - View Dependent Claims (58)
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59. In an I.V. system for producing output drive pulses to drive an electromechanical output control means for varying fluid flow in a feeding tube, the combination comprising:
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electrical pulsing means for providing output pulses; a pair of counters for determining the pulse width of each of said output pulses; and means to increment or decrement the relative count between said counters depending upon detection or nondetection of drops. - View Dependent Claims (60, 61, 62, 63)
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64. In a system for parenteral administration of liquid via a feeding tube from a liquid source to a patient, the combination comprising:
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output control means for regulating fluid flow in the feeding tube; electrical pulsing means for controlling the generation of output pulses to incrementally energize said output control means, said output control means being inactive during the periods between said output pulses in a pulse train; digital memory and timing means for predetermining and varying the pulse width of said output pulses energizing said output means; flow monitoring means for monitoring liquid flow in the administration system; and digital means responsive to said electrical pulsing means and said flow monitoring means for indicating a lack of flow within a time period determined by a specified number of said pulses.
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65. In a system for parenteral administration of liquid via a feeding tube from a liquid source to a patient, the combination comprising:
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output control means for regulating fluid flow in the feeding tube; electrical pulsing means for generating output pulses to incrementally energize said output control means, said output control means being inactive during the periods between said output pulses in a pulse train; digital memory and timing means for predetermining and varying the pulse width of said output pulses energizing said output means; flow monitoring means for monitoring liquid flow in the administration system; and digital means responsive to said pulsing means and said flow monitoring means for indicating a lack of either flow or output pulses within a prescribed time period.
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66. In a system for parenteral administration of liquid via a feeding tube from a liquid source to a patient, the combination comprising:
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output control means for regulating fluid flow in the feeding tube; electrical pulsing means for generating output pulses to incrementally energize said control means; means for varying the pulse width of said output pulses energizing said output means; flow monitoring means for monitoring liquid flow in the administration system; pulse width monitoring means; and means responsive to said pulse width monitoring means for indicating the occurrence of a prescribed nontolerated sequence of pulse widths.
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67. In a system for parenteral administration of liquid via a feeding tube from a liquid source to a patient, the combination comprising:
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electromechanical output means; driving means for driving said output means; an open loop digital control means for digitally establishing the frequency of output pulses electrically energizing said driving means, said driving means being inactive during the periods between said output pulses in a pulse train; and a closed loop digital memory control means for digitally predetermining and varying the pulse width of said output pulses to said driver means. - View Dependent Claims (68, 69, 70, 71)
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72. In a system for parenteral administration of liquid via a feeding tube from a liquid source to a patient, apparatus comprising:
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positive pressure infusion pump means; digital rate setting means for generating an electrical pulse train at a frequency proportional to desired liquid flow rate; stepping motor means for driving said pump means, said motor means being inactive during the periods between pulses in said pulse train; digital flow monitoring means for monitoring liquid flow induced by said pump means; and digital memory means responsive to both said digital rate setting means and said digital flow monitoring means for digitally regulating the pulse width of the output pulses to said electrical motor means. - View Dependent Claims (73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79)
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80. In the parenteral administration of medical fluids by an intravenous set including drop forming means in a flexible tube coupled to said drop forming means for carrying drop flow, a method of controlling the rate of drop flow through the flexible tube, comprising the steps of:
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clamping said tube to a substantially shut-off state; producing digital control pulses in a pulse train at a selected frequency proportional to the desired rate of drop flow; monitoring the actual drop flow occurring through said tube; selectively varying the pulse width of each of said control pulses in a digital memory in accordance with the desired drop flow rate and the actual drop flow rate detected; and repetitively opening and closing said tube to fluid flow in response to said digital control pulses to regulate the actual drop flow rate so that it conforms to said desired drop flow rate, said tube being closed during the periods between said control pulses in said pulse train. - View Dependent Claims (81, 82)
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83. In a system for parenteral administration of medical liquids by drop flow through a feeding tube, apparatus comprising:
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clamping means for clamping said feeding tube in a normally shut-off state; electrical pulsing means for generating control pulses in a pulse train at a rate greater than the desired drop flow rate to periodically energize said clamping means and thereby open said tube to liquid flow, said clamping means being inactive during the periods between control pulses in said pulse train; digital rate setting means for digitally establishing the frequency of said electrical pulsing means; flow monitoring means for monitoring actual drop flow through said feeding tube and generating a digital electrical pulse each time a drop is detected; and digital memory and timing means responsive to both said digital rate setting means and said flow monitoring means for digitally predetermining and varying the pulse width of the pulses from said pulsing means. - View Dependent Claims (84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93)
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94. In a system for parenteral administration of liquids at desired flow rates through a feeding tube from a liquid source to a patient, the combination comprising:
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electromechanical output control means for manipulating the feeding tube to vary the flow of liquid in the feeding tube; electrical pulsing means for providing output pulses to operate said output control means; digital memory means for automatically varying the pulse width of said output pulses operating said control means, to achieve the desired flow rate, said digital memory means including a digital counter which undergoes successive counting cycles, a single counting cycle for each of said output pulses produced by said pulsing means, the count state of said counter at the beginning of each counting cycle determining the pulse width of the corresponding output pulse produced during that counting cycle; means for decrementing said counter by a first prescribed number of counts during each of said counting cycles, and for incrementing said counter by a second prescribed number of counts only during a counting cycle after a drop of liquid flow has been detected; and means for increasing said first prescribed number of counts by which said counter is normally decremented during each counting cycle to a larger prescribed number for each counting cycle during an initial start-up period of operation of said system.
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95. In a system for parenteral administration of liquids at desired flow rates through a feeding tube from a liquid source to a patient, the combination comprising:
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electromechanical output control means for manipulating the feeding tube to vary the flow of liquid in the feeding tube; electrical pulsing means for providing output pulses to operate said output control means; digital memory means for automatically varying the pulse width of said output pulses operating said control means, to achieve the desired flow rate, said digital memory means including a digital counter which undergoes successive counting cycles, a single counting cycle for each of said output pulses produced by said pulsing means, the count state of said counter at the beginning of each counting cycle determining the pulse width of the corresponding output pulse produced during that counting cycle; means for monitoring the period between initiation of successive of said output pulses; means for generating a duty cycle limitation signal at a predetermined time in each of said monitored periods; and means for overriding said digital memory means when said duty cycle limitation signal is imposed. - View Dependent Claims (96, 97)
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98. In a system for parenteral administration of liquids at desired flow rates through a feeding tube from a liquid source to a patient, the combination comprising:
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electromechanical output control means for manipulating the feeding tube to vary the flow of liquid in the feeding tube; electrical pulsing means for providing output pulses to operate said output control means; digital memory means for automatically varying the pulse width of said output pulses operating said control means, to achieve the desired flow rate; clocking means capable of generating clocking pulses at two different rates, a high rate and a low rate; and means for automatically switching said clocking means from said low rate to said high rate at prescribed times in each period between initiation of successive of said output pulses.
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99. In a system for parenteral administration of liquids at a desired drop flow rate through a feeding tube from a liquid source to a patient, the combination comprising:
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output control means for determining the rate of drop flow of liquid in the feeding tube; electrical pulsing means for providing successive output pulses to said output control means; counting means for varying the pulse width of each of said output pulses, to achieve the desired drop flow rate; means for monitoring the period between initiation of said successive output pulses; means for generating a duty cycle limitation signal at a preselected time in each of said monitored periods; and means for overriding the pulse width determination by said counting means when said duty cycle limitation signal is imposed. - View Dependent Claims (100, 101)
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102. In a system for parenteral administration of liquids at a desired drop flow rate through a feeding tube from a liquid source to a patient, the combination comprising:
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output control means for determining the rate of drop flow of liquid in the feeding tube; electrical pulsing means for providing successive output pulses to said output control means; counting means for varying the pulse width of each of said output pulses, to achieve the desired drop flow rate; clocking means capable of generating clocking pulses at two different rates, a high rate and a low rate; and means for automatically switching said clocking means from said low rate to said high rate at prescribed times in each period between initiation of said successive output pulses.
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Specification