Method and apparatus for authenticating a record medium consisting of applying two different strength magnetizing fields and monitoring the remanent fields

• US 4,038,596 A
• Filed: 07/02/1975
• Issued: 07/26/1977
• Est. Priority Date: 07/04/1974
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Thorn EMI Patents Limited
• Original Assignee: E & M Limited, LLC
• Inventors: Lee, Cyril Arthur
• Primary Examiner(s): Corcoran, Robert J.
• Application Number:
  US05/592,669
• Time in Patent Office: 755 Days
• Field of Search: 324/34 R, 324/34 H, 340/149 A, 235/61.11 D, 235/61.12 M, 235/61.7 B
• US Class Current: 324/210
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/08 by means detecting the change of an electrostatic or magnetic field, e.g. by detecting change of capacitance between electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: G07D 7/04 Testing magnetic properties of the materials thereof, e.g. by detection of magnetic imprint G07D7/01 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G07D 7/20 Testing patterns thereon G07D7/004, G07D7/005 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 7/086 by passive credit-cards adapted therefor, e.g. constructive particularities to avoid counterfeiting, e.g. by inclusion of a physical or chemical security-layer for security documents G07D7/00; for the reading of record-carriers in general G06K7/00; for the design of coded credit-cards G06K19/10

Abstract

Apparatus to examine a magnetic storage layer expected to contain a magnetic watermark includes means to magnetize the layer with a unidirectional field of a selected strength without saturating it and means to detect any distinct region of magnetic remanence. The apparatus may further include means to record the resultant remanence levels (or their ratio) for such a region and another part of the layer, means to magnetize the layer with a unidirectional field of a different selected strength, means to detect any then-existing such distinct region or regions, means to measure the remanence levels (or their ratio) for the then-existing such region and another part of the layer, and means to compare the measured and recorded levels (or their ratios) and indicate from the result of the comparison whether or not this represents a layer having a magnetic watermark of regions of distinctly aligned anisotropic magnetic particles. The use of different amounts of magnetization will produce different ratios of remanence in a layer having such a watermark but not in an homogenous layer.

Claims

1. A system for examining a record medium expected to include a magnetic material storage layer exhibiting an inherent pattern of magnetic remanence difference between a part of the layer and another part of the layer when both parts are subjected to a uniform magnetising field including

means for applying to the layer in turn at least two different strength magnetising fields along the same direction,

means for measuring the relative remanent magnetisation in said part and said another part for each said magnetising field, and

means responsive to the measurements to assess the authenticity status of the medium, the relative remanent magnetisations differing for said different strength magnetising fields for an authentic medium.

2. A system as claimed in claim 1 in which one of the selected strengths of magnetising field is that to magnetise the expected material to saturation in the field direction.

3. A system as claimed in claim 1 in which one of the selected strengths of magnetising field is between 350 and 600 oersteds and less than that to magnetise the expected material to saturation in the field direction.

4. A system as claimed in claim 1 in which the relative remanent magnetisation is measured as a ratio.

5. A system as claimed in claim 1 further including

(a) means to destroy magnetisation of said layer, prior to applying the magnetising fields,

(b) one of said magnetising fields applied to the layer with destroyed magnetisation being a magnetising field of strength selected to magnetise the layer without saturating it,

(c) said measuring means including means to measure and to record the remanence levels of resultant distinct regions of different remanence levels in response to said one field,

(d) another of said magnetising fields applied to the magnetised layer being a magnetising field of strength selected to magnetise the layer to a different magnetisation,

(e) said means to measure including means to measure the remanence levels of resultant distinct regions of different remanence levels in response to said another field,

(f) said responsive means including assessment means to compare the recorded and the measured levels, and additionally

(g) means to indicate the authenticity status of the medium as a result of the comparison of said recorded and said measured levels, the compared levels differing for authentic medium.

6. A system according to claim 1 in which said means to measure remanence levels includes a means which is arranged to detect the position of said distinct regions by remanence changes and to read information stored as the position of said regions in the layer, the system including means to provide an output signal of such information and the authenticity status thereof.

7. A system as claimed in claim 1 arranged to verify an object purporting to include a magnetic storage layer having a magnetic watermark and including means to accept, transport for examination and release said object or retain it as appropriate, the system also supplying an output signal indicative of the authenticity status of the object.

8. A system as claimed in claim 7 arranged for use with a security device incorporating a magnetic storage layer including commercial grade gamma Fe₂ O₃ permanently structured by having longitudinally and transversely aligned particles and in which the strengths of the magnetising fields are some 450 oersteds and some 1000 oersteds.

9. A method of examining a record medium expected to include a magnetic material storage layer exhibiting an inherent pattern of magnetic remanence difference between a part of the layer and another part of the layer when both parts are subjected to a uniform magnetising field, including

applying to the layer in turn at least two different strength magnetising fields,

measuring the relative remanent magnetisations in said part and said another part for each said field and

assessing the authenticity of the medium from the measurements, the relative magnetisation differing for different strength magnetising fields for an authentic medium.

10. A method according to claim 9 including applying one of said magnetising fields at a strength sufficient to magnetically saturate the expected material in the field direction.

11. A method according to claim 9 including applying one of said magnetising fields at a strength between 350 and 600 oersteds and less than the strength sufficient to magnetically saturate the expected material in the field direction.