Apparatus and method for indication and measurement of simulated emotional levels

• US 4,041,617 A
• Filed: 07/26/1976
• Issued: 08/16/1977
• Est. Priority Date: 07/26/1976
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: James Fisher Hollander
• Original Assignee: James Fisher Hollander
• Inventors: Hollander, James Fisher
• Primary Examiner(s): Grieb, William H.
• Application Number:
  US05/708,560
• Time in Patent Office: 386 Days
• Field of Search: 35/22 R, 35/24 C, 235/184, 235/185
• US Class Current: 434/237
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/16 Devices for psychotechnics using teaching or educational appliances G09B1/00 - G09B7/00; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/167 Personality evaluation
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 23/00 Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes in the nature of toys A63H

Abstract

Adjustment dials are attached to adjustable sources of physical force interpretable by the dials as positive and negative decisional influences. One or more of the physical forces are measured by one or more emotional level indicators which also display type or polarity of emotion based on a comparison between the forces provided by comparing apparatus. The comparing apparatus also drives a decision indicator.

The apparatus disclosed in detail is alternatively of electronic, fluidic, and mechanical nature. Emotions measured are Emotional Tension, Bad-Good Feelings, Guilt-Pride, and Like-Dislike. Subjective and objective disagreement indications are also derived. The apparatus may be used for simulating interpersonal relationships. A Contrary-Agreeable Attitude selector switch is incorporated in a perceptual processing circuit for use in such apparatus.

Claims

1. Simulation apparatus comprising

a plurality of sources of respective physical forces, at least one of said force sources being substantially continuously adjustable in level, said forces being relatable to levels of positive and negative decisional influences;

means for comparing said physical forces so as to determine whether a combined total of levels of at least two of said decisional influences is positive or negative in character; and

means for indicating one or more simulated emotions, each simulated emotion having a range of simulated emotional levels, by measuring as an emotion at least one of said physical forces including a force from at least one said adjustable force source in a manner dependent on the positive or negative character determined by said comparing means.

2. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said emotional level indicating means indicates emotional levels by measuring single respective ones of said physical forces each relating to a respective simulated emotion.

3. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said apparatus further comprises means for indicating one at a time of a plurality of decisions, said decision indicator indicating one decision when said combined total of levels is positive in character and indicating another decision when said combined total of levels is negative in character.

4. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 3 wherein each said adjustable physical force source is adjustable by adjustment means including adjustment dial means for indicating levels of a respective one of said decisional influences.

5. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein each said adjustable physical force source is adjustable by adjustment means including adjustment dial means for indicating levels of a respective one of said decisional influences.

6. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 5 wherein

one said adjustment dial means indicates levels of a decisional influence relating to personal desire, and

said emotional level indicating means includes means for indicating levels of feelings about oneself substantially proportional to said decisional influence relating to personal desire, said feelings levels being positive when said combined total of the decisional influences is of the same positive or negative character as said personal desire decisional influence.

7. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 6 wherein said feelings levels are negative when said combined total of the decisional influences is of the opposite positive or negative character from said personal desire decisional influence.

8. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 6 wherein

said sources of physical force comprise electrical sources having said adjustment means associated therewith, said electrical sources providing electrical influences respectively having levels having polarities corresponding to said positive and negative decisional influences,

said personal desire adjustment dial means adjusting a corresponding electrical influence,

said emotional level indicator means including electrical meter means being polarity reversible and coupled to said personal desire electrical influence for measuring same,

said comparing means including means for reversing the polarity of said meter means when said combined total of levels changes in character.

9. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 5 wherein

one said adjustment dial means indicates levels of a decisional influence relating to social pressure, and

said emotional level indicating means includes means for indicating levels of an emotion related to social estimation perceived by oneself, said emotional levels being substantially proportional to said decisional influence relating to social pressure, said social estimation emotional levels being positive when said combined total of the decisional influences is of the same positive or negative character as said social pressure decisional influence.

10. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 9 wherein

said sources of physical force comprise electrical sources having said adjustment means associated therewith, said electrical sources providing electrical influences respectively having levels having polarities corresponding to said positive and negative decisional influences,

said social pressure adjustment dial means adjusting a corresponding electrical influence,

said emotional level indicator means including electrical meter means being polarity reversible and coupled to said social pressure electrical influence for measuring same,

said comparing means including means for reversing the polarity of said meter means when said combined total of levels changes in character.

11. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 5 wherein

one said adjustment dial means indicates levels of a decisional influence relating to social pressure, and

said emotional level indicating means includes means for indicating levels of an emotion related to social estimation perceived by oneself, said emotional levels being substantially proportional to said decisional influence relating to social pressure, said social estimation emotional levels being negative when said combined total of the decisional influences is of the opposite positive or negative character from said social pressure decisional influence.

12. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 11 wherein said apparatus further comprises means for substantially disabling said social estimation emotional level indicating means, said disabling means having switchable indications relating to internalization or not of social expectations.

13. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 5 wherein

one said adjustment dial means indicates levels of a decisional influence relating to personal desire of an individual, and

said emotional level indicating means includes means for indicating levels of an emotion relating to liking by said individual of at least one other entity, said liking levels being substantially proportional to said decisional influence relating to personal desire, said liking levels being positive when said personal desire is of the same positive or negative character as said combined total of the decisional influences where the comparing means compares forces relatable to levels of positive and negative decisional influences on each said other entity.

14. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 13 wherein

said sources of physical force comprise electrical sources having said adjustment means associated therewith, said electrical sources providing electrical influences respectively having levels having polarities corresponding to said positive and negative decisional influences,

said personal desire adjustment dial means adjusting a corresponding electrical influence,

said emotional level indicator means including electrical meter means being polarity reversible and coupled to said personal desire electrical influence for measuring same,

said comparing means including means for reversing the polarity of said meter means when said combined total of levels changes in character.

15. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 14 wherein said comparing means further comprises means for substantially disabling said liking emotional level indicating means in the absence of a comparing means determination, said absence being analogous to absence of each said entity.

16. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 13 wherein said apparatus further comprises means for enabling the indication of said levels of liking to also be substantially proportional to at least one force relatable to the magnitude of a decisional influence due to each said other entity.

17. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 5 wherein

one said adjustment dial means indicates levels of a decisional influence relating to personal desire of an individual, and

said emotional level indicating means includes means for indicating levels of an emotion relating to dislike or fear by said individual of at leat one other entity, said dislike or fear levels being substantially proportional to said decisional influence relating to personal desire, said dislike or fear levels being positive in magnitude when said personal desire is of the opposite positive or negative character from said combined total of the decisional influences where the comparing means compares forces relatable to levels of positive and negative decisional influences on each said other entity.

18. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said emotional level indicating means includes means for indicating a quantity relating to emotional conflict or nervous tension, said quantity being substantially proportional in magnitude to a combined subtotal of the levels of said decisional influences which are negative when said comparing means determines a positive character and being substantially proportional in magnitude to a combined subtotal of the levels of said decisional influences which are positive when said comparing means determines a negative character, said determining of said comparing means being substantially equivalent to determining which of said subtotals is lesser in magnitude.

19. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 18 wherein said sources of physical force comprise electrical sources having adjustment means associated therewith.

20. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 19 wherein

said electrical sources provide electrical influences respectively having levels having polarities corresponding to said positive and negative decisional influences,

said comparing means includes threshold level detector means connected at an input to said electrical sources and connected at an output to selecting means, and

said emotional level indicating means includes electrical meter means connected in a way selected by said selecting means to one at a time of a plurality of combining means for providing respective subtotals of said electrical influences,

whereby said meter means indicates said quantity relating to emotional conflict or nervous tension.

21. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 20 wherein said selecting means is relay means having contact assembly means for selecting connections to said single-polarity subtotals combining means.

22. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 20 wherein

said plurality of subtotals combining means comprises diodes connecting each of said sources of electrical influence to a positive polarity resistive path and reverse-connected diodes connecting each of said sources of electrical influence to a negative polarity resistive path, and

said meter means is connected to one at a time of said resistive paths by said selecting means.

23. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 20 wherein

said adjustment means includes dial means for indicating magnitudes of respective decisional influences and switches for choosing and indicating decisional influence types of choosing electrical influence polarities of said electrical sources;

said plurality of subtotals combining means comprises a switching network including switches ganged to said adjustment means switches, said network selectably connecting each of said electrical sources to a positive polarity resistive path and to a negative polarity resistive path depending on the respective electrical influence polarity chosen for each of said sources; and

said meter means is connected to one at a time of said resistive paths by said selecting means.

24. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 19 wherein

said electrical sources provide electrical influences respectively having levels having polarities corresponding to positive and negative decisional influences,

said force sources further comprise

a plurality of combining means for providing respective subtotals of said electrical influences of each polarity, and

means for providing electrical outputs of identical polarity to each other, each output being proportional in magnitude to said subtotals, and

said comparing means includes means for selecting the electrical output of lesser magnitude for measuring by said emotional level indicating means,

whereby said emotional level indicating means indicates said quantity relating to emotional conflict or nervous tension.

25. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 24 wherein said plurality of subtotals combining means comprises diodes connecting each of said sources of electrical influence to a positive polarity resistive path and reverse-connected diodes connecting each of said sources of electrical influence to a negative polarity resistive path, and

each said resistive path is connected to said means for providing electrical outputs.

26. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 24 wherein

said adjustment means includes dial means for indicating magnitudes of respective decisional influences and switches for choosing and indicating decisional influence types by choosing electrical influence polarities of said electrical sources;

said plurality of subtotals combining means comprises a switching network including switches ganged to said adjustment means switches, said network selectably connecting each of said electrical sources to a positive polarity resistive path and to a negative polarity resistive path depending on the respective electrical influence polarity chosen for each of said sources; and

each said resistive path is connected to said means for providing electrical outputs.

27. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 24 wherein said means of providing electrical outputs of identical polarity comprises

chopper means provided with said respective subtotals,

Ac amplifier means fed by said chopper means, and

peak detector means fed by said AC amplifier means, said peak detector means providing each said identical polarity output.

28. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 27 wherein

said plurality of subtotals combining means comprises diodes connecting each of said sources of electrical influence to a positive polarity resistive path and reverse-connected diodes connecting each of said sources of electrical influence to a negative polarity resistive path, and

each said resistive path is connected to said means for providing electrical outputs.

29. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 24 wherein said selecting means comprises diodes connected to each said identical polarity output and to a common junction connected in turn to said emotional level indicating means.

30. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 24 wherein said apparatus further comprises threshold level detector means connected at an input to said electrical sources and connected at an output to decision indicator means displaying one at a time of a plurality of decisions.

31. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 18 wherein said sources of physical force comprise fluidic pump means connected to a plurality of lines having adjustable faucets and fluidic switch means for selecting alternative fluidic output lines corresponding to said positive and negative decisional influences, said faucets varying said decisional influences in level and said switch means adjusting said decisional influences in polarity.

32. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 31 wherein said comparing means comprises a pair of cylinders connected respectively to said positive switch output lines and said negative switch output lines, said cylinders each having a piston connected by a common rod each to each, said common rod being connected to LESSER fluidic switch selecting means having input lines respectively connected to said positive and negative switch output lines so as to connect the lesser pressure switch output line to said emotional level indicating means comprising a fluidic pressure meter marked to display magnitudes of said quantity relating to emotional conflict or nervous tension.

33. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 32 wherein said common rod is also connected to decisional indicator means displaying one of a plurality of decisional outcomes.

34. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein each said adjustable physical force source is adjustable by adjustment means including adjustment dial means for indicating levels of a respective one of said decisional influences, there being at least first and second continuously adjustable force sources having associated respectively therewith

for said first force source, adjustment dial means for indicating decisional influence levels relating to personal desire and adjustment dial means for indicating decisional influence levels relating to isolation from or compliance with said personal desire associated with attenuation means in said first force source;

and

for said second force source, adjustment dial means for indicating decisional influence levels relating to social pressure and adjustment dial means for indicating decisional influence levels relating to isolation from or compliance with said social pressure associated with attenuation means in said second force source.

35. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein each said adjustable physical force source is adjustable by adjustment means including adjustment dial means for indicating levels of a respective one of said decisional influences, said apparatus further comprising means for providing a variety of situational interpretations to said adjustment dial means.

36. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 35 wherein said interpretational means comprises a plurality of interchangeable overlay sheets providable to a panel having said adjustment dial means.

37. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said apparatus further comprises

a sense port for receiving a sensed physical force;

means for variably attenuating said sensed physical force; and

adjustment dial means for adjusting said variable attenuating means and indicating levels relating to emotional independence from another entity,

said physical force so attentuated being fed to said comparing means.

38. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said apparatus further comprises

a sense port for receiving a sensed physical force relatable to a perception of another entity by an individual;

adjustment means for indicating one or more attitudes of the individual, and

perceptual processing means utilizing said sensed physical force in a manner adjustable by said attitude adjustment means so as to influence the indication of said emotional level indicating means.

39. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said apparatus further comprises

a sense port for receiving a sensed physical force having a polarity;

means for determining said polarity; and

means for indicating one or more simulated emotions, each said simulated emotion having a range of simulated emotional levels, by measuring at least one of said physical forces including a force from at least one said adjustable force source in a manner dependent on the positive or negative character determined by said sensed force polarity determining means.

40. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 39 wherein said apparatus further comprises

adjustment means for indicating one or more attitudes of an individual,

and means adjustable by said attitude adjustment means for reversing polarity determination of the sensed force polarity determining means.

41. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 40 wherein said apparatus utilizes electrical force sources, is adapted to receive a sensed electrical force at said sense port, said attitude adjustment means indicates attitude alternatives relating to Contrary and Agreeable, and said means for indicating one or more simulated emotions includes like-dislike emotional level electrical meter means measuring a physical force relatable to personal desire decisional influence, said like-dislike meter means being reversible in polarity in a manner dependent on the positive or negative character determined by said sensed force polarity determining means.

42. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 39 wherein said apparatus further comprises subjective substantial agreement or disagreement indicator means for registering subjective agreement or disagreement when the positive or negative character determined by said comparing means is respectively the same as or opposite from said positive or negative character determined by said sensed force polarity determining means.

43. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said simulation apparatus communicates with a distinct simulator capable of transmitting a physical force to said simulation apparatus for comparison by said comparing means.

44. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 43 wherein said distinct simulator includes means for interrupting said physical force so as to simulate presence or absence of an individual simulated by said distinct simulator.

45. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 43 wherein said distinct simulator is a decision making simulator producing a physical force having polarity corresponding to decision alternatives and said simulation apparatus further comprises objective agreement-disagreement indicator means for registering same when the positive or negative character determined by said comparing means relates to a decisional outcome which is respectively the same as or opposite from the one of said decisional alternatives corresponding to the polarity of said physical force.

46. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said simulation apparatus further comprises

means for producing a decisional output force having a positive or negative character dependent on said determination of said comparing means, said output force being available at a decision port.

47. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 46 wherein said simulation apparatus further comprises

means for interrupting said decisional output force associated with means for switchably essentially indicating the presence or absence of a simulated individual.

48. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 46 wherein

said decisional output force has alternative polarities, and

said simulation apparatus comprises means for reversing the polarity dependence of said decisional output for one said determination of said comparing means associated with means for essentially switchably indicating contrary or agreeable influence.

49. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 46 wherein

the decisional output force available at said decision port is communicated to second emotion or decisionmaking simulation apparatus so as to act as a decisional influence thereon.

50. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said simulation apparatus further comprises

means for producing a first decisional output force having a positive or negative character dependent on said determination of said comparing means;

a second plurality of sources of respective physical forces, at least one of said second force sources being substantially continuously adjustable in level, said forces being relatable to levels of positive and negative decisional influences;

second means for comparing said second physical forces so as to determine whether a combined total of levels of at least two decisional influence forces is positive or negative in character; and

second means for indicating one or more simulated emotions, each simulated emotion having a range of simulated emotional levels, by measuring at least one said physical force including a force from at least one said second adjustable force source in a manner dependent on the positive or negative character determined by said second comparing means;

said first decisional output force being relatable to a first decisional influence due to a decision of a first individual and being fed to said second comparing means,

whereby emotions in interpersonal relationships are able to be simulated.

51. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 50 wherein said apparatus further comprises

second means for producing a second decisional output force having a positive or negative character dependent on said determination of said second comparing means,

said second decisional output force being relatable to a second decisional influence due to a decision of a second individual and being fed to said first comparing means,

whereby emotions in reciprocal interpersonal relationships are able to be simulated.

52. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 51 wherein

said plurality of force sources comprise electrical first potentiometers connected across a dual polarity power supply, said potentiometers being attached to adjustment dials for indicating decisional influences relating to personal desire and social pressure for a first individual, said potentiometers having wipers connected to respective first variable isolation resistors attached to adjustment dials for essentially indicating independence from personal desire and social pressure of said first individual,

said variable resistors being connected to first emotion meter shunt resistors in turn connected to forward-connected first diodes connected to a first positive summation resistor, said shunt resistors also in turn being connected to reverse-connected first diodes connected to a first negative summation resistor, said first positive and negative summation resistors being connected to a first threshold level detector being in turn connected to a first selector relay acting as said first comparing means, and

said first emotion indicator means comprises

guilt-pride electrical meter means connected by a polarity-reversing contact assembly on said first selector relay to one of said meter shunt resistors ultimately connected to said social pressure potentiometer wiper,

bad-good feelings electrical meter means connected by a polarity-reversing contact assembly on said first selector relay to one of said meter shunt resistors ultimately connected to said personal desire potentiometer wiper, and

tension emotion electrical meter means connected by a contact assembly on said first selector relay to said positive and negative summation resistors so that the magnitude of the lesser current in said summation resistors is displayed on said meter at all times,

said second plurality of force sources, said second comparing means and said second emotion indicator means are of a type as recited for their first counterparts hereinabove,

and said first and second selector relays have first and second contact assemblies connected to said dual polarity power supply for generating first and second dual polarity decisional output voltages which in turn are applied to second and first variable resistors attached to second and first emotional independence adjustment dials, said second and first variable resistors in turn being ultimately connected to said second and first threshold level detectors respectively.

53. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said sources of force respectively provide mechanical forces respectively relatable to positive and negative decisional influences.

54. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 53 wherein

said sources of mechanical force include springs adjustable in extension by adjustment dial means;

said comparing means is a force plate connected to said springs so that the combined total of said forces is exerted on said force plate and said plate moves in position in a manner determinative of the corresponding positive or negative character of said combined total of said decisional influences, and

said emotional level indicating means displays a magnitude related to an extension of at least one of said springs and a sign dependent upon the position of said plate.

55. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 54 wherein

one said adjustment dial means indicates polarities and levels of personal desire and adjusts the extension of a personal desire spring and

said emotional level indicating means indicates an emotion relating to good-bad feelings related in magnitude to the extension of said personal desire spring and in sign according as the position of said plate corresponds to a positive or negative character of said combined total of said decisional influences identical with the polarity of said personal desire indicated by said adjustment dial.

56. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 54 wherein

one said adjustment dial means indicates polarities and levels of a form of social expectations and adjusts the extension of a social expectations spring and

said emotional level indicating means indicates an emotion relating to guilt-pride feelings related in magnitude to the extension of said social expectations spring and in sign according as the position of said plate corresponds to a positive or negative character of said combined total of said decisional influences identical with the polarity of said form of social expectations indicated on said adjustment dial.

57. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 54 wherein said plate by its motion actuates escapement means for advancing emotional sign display means included in said emotional level indicating means so as to permit said emotional sign to be displayed dependent on the position of said plate.

58. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 54 wherein said apparatus further comprises means for displaying one at a time of a plurality of decisional outcomes related to said decisional influence combined total, said displaying means being operated by the motion of said plate.

59. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 54 wherein said apparatus further comprises force port means for permitting communication of force to and from said plate whereby simulation of interpersonal relationships is facilitated.

60. Simulation apparatus comprising

a pump;

a plurality of fluid lines connected to said pump, said lines containing adjustable fluidic resistance means;

fluidic switch means connected to said fluidic resistance means so that the fluid flow takes one of at least two alternate paths corresponding to alternative decisional influence types;

decisional influence adjustment and indication means associated with said fluidic resistance and fluidic switch means;

means for indicating an emotional variable, said indicating means being connected to one or more of said alternate paths;

and means for comparing the fluid flow in said alternative paths and providing a decision indication therefrom.

61. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 60 wherein said emotional variable indicating means is a fluid pressure meter connected to fluidic selector switch means, said fluidic selector switch means being connected to lines to each of two of said alternate paths, said fluidic selector being actuated by said comparing means so as to connect said pressure meter to the alternate path having the lesser fluid pressure.

62. Simulation apparatus comprising

means for indicating and adjustably varying levels of a plurality of decisional influences;

means for indicating one of a plurality of alternative decisions;

and physical system means for (A) causing said decision indicator means to indicate a first decision when a combined total of at least come of said variable levels is above a threshold level and to indicate a different decision when said total is below said threshold level and (B) deriving and indicating at least one simulated emotional level dependent upon at least one of said decisional influence levels and upon whether said combined total is above or below said threshold level.

63. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 62 wherein

said physical system means comprises adjustable means for producing a plurality of electrical currents, said producing means being adjustable by said adjustable decisional influence indicating means;

and

said physical system means also comprises meter means for measuring at least a portion of one or more of said electrical currents and indicating in terms of at least one simulated emotional level, said meter means being automatically and selectively connectable in said physical system means.

64. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 63 wherein said emotion meter means is reversibly connectable in polarity in said physical system means.

65. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 63 wherein said physical system means further comprises

level detector means responsive to a combined total of said electrical currents, said

decision indicator means being responsive to said level detector;

and

means responsive to said level detector for selectively changing the connection of said emotion meter means in said physical system means when said decision indication changes.

66. Simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 65 wherein said selective connection means reverses the connection of said emotion meter means in said physical system means when said decision changes.

67. In a method for deriving emotional indications in a simulation apparatus, the steps comprising

generating a first physical analog of a decisional influence having a first magnitude and polarity;

generating a second physical analog of a decisional influence having a second magnitude and polarity;

comparing said physical analogs so as to determine whether a combined total of said decisional influences is positive or negative in character; and

producing an emotional analog and indicating it to have a magnitude and sign depending on said first or second magnitude and said positive or negative character determined for said combined total.

68. Simulation apparatus for deriving emotional indications by the method of claim 67.

69. In a method for deriving emotional indications in a simulation apparatus, the steps comprising

generating a first physical analog of a decisional influence having a first magnitude and polarity;

generating a second physical analog of a decisional influence having a second magnitude and polarity;

producing a combined total of all negative polarity magnitudes and a combined total of all positive polarity magnitudes;

selecting the lesser magnitude of said combined totals; and

indicating said lesser magnitude as an emotion.

70. Simulation apparatus for deriving emotional indications by the method of claim 69.