Building blocks

• US 4,041,670 A
• Filed: 07/30/1976
• Issued: 08/16/1977
• Est. Priority Date: 04/17/1974
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Richard D. Kaplan
• Original Assignee: Richard D. Kaplan
• Inventors: Kaplan, Richard D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ridgill, Jr., James L.
• Application Number:
  US05/710,204
• Time in Patent Office: 382 Days
• Field of Search: 52/286, 52/272, 52/591, 52/593, 52/594, 52/415, 52/503-505, 46/25, 264/71, 106/97
• US Class Current: 52/592.2
• CPC Class Codes: E04B 2/18 by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
• CPC Class Codes: E04B 2002/0206 of rectangular shape
• CPC Class Codes: E04B 2002/0226 with tongues and grooves next to each other on the end surface
• CPC Class Codes: E04B 2002/0228 with tongues next to each other on one end surface and grooves next to each other on opposite end surface
• CPC Class Codes: E04B 2002/0232 Undercut connections, e.g. using undercut tongues and grooves
• CPC Class Codes: E04B 2002/0265 Building elements for making arcuate walls

Abstract

A building method and blocks in which the blocks have integrally formed joining elements along two axes, including a yin yang element to allow selective reversibility of the blocks to form a self-joint with another yin yang element on another block. The yin yang element is universal, and the shapes, volumes, and areas of a male yang and a female yin member are substantially equal on each side of a bilateral plane through the yin yang self-jointing element. Molded masonry blocks formed from cement, water, aggregate, and chemical admixture are assembled without mortar to provide a building system characterized by numerous advantages. Integral complementary elements on said blocks provide a continuous weatherstop in the assemblage along an axis different from the axis of a side having a yin yang element.

Claims

1. A building block, including

i. a unit having a plurality of sides including a top, a bottom and an opposite pair of sides, and

ii. at least one integral complementary element symmetrically located with respect to a bilateral plane and adapted for effecting continuous weatherstops along said top and bottom sides when assembled with similar blocks, and

iii. an integrally formed unitary continuous self-jointing element on at least one side of the unit, said self-jointing element being complementary with similar elements on other blocks, comprising

a. an element inboard from a side wall, extending beyond said block and forming a doubled back male locking projection, which thus creates therewith,

b. a contiguous element inboard from the opposite side wall, recessed into said block, complementary with said element (a) and forming a doubled back female locking recess complementary with said formed male locking projection, the shape, area and volume of said formed male locking projection and said formed female locking recess being substantially equal, said continuous self-jointing element being capable of joining with a complementary substantially similar self-jointing element on a side of another building block, the formed male locking projection of each building block being capable of snug universal positive two-way interlocking relationship with the complementary formed female locking recess of each adjacent similar block, thus enabling said block to be selectively reversible around a vertical axis, and thus enabling each continuous self-jointing element to universally join with a complementary self-jointing element on another block in a positive two-way interlocking relationship without disturbing the continuity of weatherstops along said top and bottom sides when assembled with other similar blocks.

2. A building block, including

i. a unit having a plurality of sides including a top, a bottom and an opposite pair of sides, and

ii. at least one integral complementary element symmetrically located with respect to a bilateral plane and adapted for effecting continuous weatherstops along said top and bottom sides when assembled with similar blocks, and

iii. an integrally formed unitary continuous self-jointing element on at least one side of the unit, said self-jointing element being complementary with similar elements on other blocks, comprising

a. an element inboard from a side wall, extending beyond said block and forming a male locking projection, which thus creates therewith,

b. a contiguous element inboard from the opposite side wall, recessed into said block, complementary with said element (a) and forming a female locking recess complementary with said formed male locking projection, the shape, area and volume of said formed male locking projection and said formed female locking recess being substantially equal, said continuous self-jointing element being capable of joining with a complementary substantially similar self-jointing element on a side of another building block, the formed male locking projection of each building block being capable of snug universal interfitted relationship with the complementary formed female locking recess of each adjacent similar block, thus enabling said block to be selectively reversible around a vertical axis, and thus enabling each continuous self-jointing element to universally join with a complementary self-jointing element on another block without disturbing the continuity of the weatherstops along said top and bottom sides when assembled with other similar blocks.

3. A building block as defined in claim 2 wherein:

a top side includes at least one continuous raised strip;

a bottom side includes at least one continuous recessed slot, said bottom side being capable of interfitting with a corresponding top side of another such block; and

at least one self-jointing element comprises a projected strip and a recessed slot, said self-jointing elenent being continuous between the top side and the bottom side of said block.

4. A building block as defined in claim 3 wherein, in each self-jointing element, each projected strip and each recessed slot is substantially rectangular in cross-section.

5. A building block as defined in claim 3 wherein, in each self-jointing element, each projected strip is laterally offset with respect to each recessed slot so that each said self-jointing element comprises an interfitting L-shaped hook and an L-shaped catch.

6. A building block which includes the features of claim 5 above, wherein the unit is a stretcher block having self-jointing elements on two opposite sides.

7. A buildng block as defined in claim 3 wherein:

a top side includes at least one continuous raised strip;

a bottom side includes at least one continuous recessed slot, said bottom side being capable of interfitting with a corresponding top side of another such block and thus effecting a continuous weatherstop therewith; and

at least one self-jointing element being like all other self-jointing elements on said block or other such blocks, and wherein said self-jointing element comprises a projected strip and a recessed slot, said self-jointing element being continuous between the top side and the bottom side of said block, each projected strip having substantially the same shape, area and volume as each said recessed slot, enabling snug interfitting therewith;

each projected strip and each recessed slot of each said self-jointing element being substantially rectangular in cross section and each projected strip of each said self-jointing element being laterally offset with respect to each recessed slot so that each self-jointing element comprises a complementary L-shaped hook and an L-shaped catch.

8. A building block which includes the features of claim 7 above, wherein a third self-jointing element is normal to the two opposite sides containing self-jointing elements.

9. A building block which includes the features of claim 7 above, wherein the unit is a corner block having self-jointing elements on two adjoining sides.

10. A building block which includes the features of claim 7 above, wherein the unit is a jamb or end block having a self-jointing element on one side.

11. A building block which includes the features of claim 7 above, wherein the unit is a center block having self-jointing elements or four adjoining sides.

12. A building block which includes the features of claim 7 above, wherein the top side includes spaced continuous raised strips and spaced transverse raised strips, and the bottom side includes complementary, continuous recessed slots and spaced transverse recessed slots.