Motor vehicle injury and damage prevention system

• US 4,042,057 A
• Filed: 12/23/1975
• Issued: 08/16/1977
• Est. Priority Date: 05/08/1970
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Addison S. Beckley
• Original Assignee: Addison S. Beckley
• Inventors: Beckley, Addison S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Peters, Jr., Joseph F.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Siemens, Terrance L.
• Application Number:
  US05/643,816
• Time in Patent Office: 602 Days
• Field of Search: 280/751, 280/752, 280/737, 280/87 C, 180/90, 293/60, 296/63
• US Class Current: 180/90
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 19/22 containing mainly cellular material, e.g. solid foam
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 21/04 Padded linings for the vehicle interior ; Energy absorbing structures associated with padded or non-padded linings
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 21/045 associated with the instrument panel or dashboard
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 25/14 Dashboards as superstructure sub-units other dashboard aspects B60K

Abstract

A motor vehicle damage and injury preventing system is disclosed. The system is based upon shock-absorbing bumpers extending over substantially the entire flattened front and rear ends of a specially designed vehicle and made up of a relatively thin sheet of compressible, rigid but bendable, shock-absorbing, impact-resistant material on the outer face of which is a relatively thick mass of cellular shock-absorbing plastic material. Typically a second relatively thin sheet of the impact-resistant material is provided on the outer portion of the cellular shock-absorbing plastic material and a second relatively thick mass of the cellular shock-absorbing plastic material is provided on the outer portion of this second sheet. In this way the second sheet can move inwardly and distribute the force of impacts during collisions over the entire area of the cellular plastic behind it and also over the entire flattened end of the vehicle.

The body of the motor vehicle is preferably made from relatively thin sheet-like compressible, rigid but bendable, shock-absorbing, impact-resistant plastic material of the same general type as that used as the rigid elements in the bumpers. Other novel features of the disclosure include special interior crash pads of cellular shock-absorbing plastic material placed in front of and close to the occupants and reaching to roughly the levels of their lower faces in such a way as not to interfere unduly with their freedom of action or reduce their range of vision, means for preventing undesired sagging of the cellular plastic shock-absorbing elements of the bumpers, means for restraining rocking and bending of the bumpers during certain types of collisions, and means for offsetting the high inertia of engine blocks and other heavy components during collisions.

Claims

1. A motor vehicle capable of protecting passengers during frontal collisions comprising a vehicle body having a front windshield, an upwardly and rearwardly extending hood terminating inwardly of said windshield in a pad biasing top edge and an upper semi-rigid substantially vertical bracing wall, a lower semi-rigid substantially vertical bracing wall spaced forwardly of and lower than said upper bracing wall, a front passenger compartment with seat means for front seat occupants providing a normal leg position, chest position and knees position of the occupants, a first massive pad of shock-absorbing material disposed across the front of the passenger compartment rearwardly of the windshield and with its upper surface braced against said biasing top edge and said upper bracing wall and being at least as high as the occupant'"'"'s normal chest position and with its lower surface above the occupant'"'"'s normal knee positions, and a second massive pad of shock-absorbing material disposed across said passenger compartment below and forward of said first-named pad and having a substantially vertical knee bracing face opposite to the occupant'"'"'s leg position extending considerably above the knee position but below said first massive pad and braced adjacent said lower bracing wall, said pads being so shaped and placed that in combination they engage and brace both the upper body and legs simultaneously absorbing the kinetic energy of upper and lower portions, respectively, of bodies of front seat occupants as they are thrown forward and decelerated during a collision and reducing the likelihood of such occupants being thrown against or through a windshield.

2. A motor vehicle as set forth in claim 1, wherein said vehicle includes a front bumper having a mass of compressible material and said pads being positioned at distances from said front seat occupants less than the stopping distance of the vehicle during a collision in which the materials in the front bumper are fully compressed whereby said occupants are decelerated over distances greater than the compressions of said pads alone.

3. A motor vehicle as set forth in claim 1, including a collapsible steering wheel and column for said vehicle, said first pad being recessed to provide room for said steering wheel and for convenience in its operation, and a cylindrically-shaped pad of shock-absorbing material fixedly mounting on said steering wheel and extending rearwardly therefrom and rotatable therewith, said pad having a massive fore-and-after thickness so that it and the recessed pad are capable of giving the driver a combined deceleration distance approximating that given to a front seat passenger by the nonrecessed portions of said first-mentioned pad.