Integral analytical element
First Claim
1. An element for detection of analyte dissolved in proteinaceous, aqueous liquids, the element comprising an isotropically porous spreading layer and a reagent layer, wherein the spreading layer comprises a non-fibrous, water-resistant material and an non-ionic surfactant, the surfactant being present in an amount within the range of from about 1 to about 15 percent and effective to normalize liquid transport in the spreading layer.
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Abstract
Analytical element for the detection of an agent under analysis, termed analyte, dissolved in an aqueous, proteinaceous liquid. The element has at least two superposed layers, the layers including a spreading layer and a reagent layer. The element can include a support material which is preferably radiation transmissive. To normalize transport of the analyte in and through the spreading layer, the spreading layer contains an effective amount of a surfactant, such as a non-ionic surfactant. Preferably, the amount of surfactant is between about 1% and about 15% by weight of solid contents in the spreading layer.
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Citations
23 Claims
- 1. An element for detection of analyte dissolved in proteinaceous, aqueous liquids, the element comprising an isotropically porous spreading layer and a reagent layer, wherein the spreading layer comprises a non-fibrous, water-resistant material and an non-ionic surfactant, the surfactant being present in an amount within the range of from about 1 to about 15 percent and effective to normalize liquid transport in the spreading layer.
- 4. An element for detection of analyte dissolved in proteinaceous, aqueous liquids, the element comprising an isotropically porous spreading layer and a reagent layer, wherein the spreading layer comprises a non-fibrous, water-resistant material and a non-ionic surfactant having the formula ##STR2## wherein R represents an alkyl group of from 1 to about 9 carbon atoms and n represents an integer having a value of from about 5 to about 40, the surfactant being present in an amount within the range of from about 1 to about 15 percent and effective to normalize liquid transport in the spreading layer.
- 10. An element for detection of analyte dissolved in proteinaceous, aqueous liquids, the element comprising an isotropically porous spreading layer and a reagent layer, wherein the spreading layer comprises a non-fibrous, water-resistant material and a non-ionic surfactant having the formula ##STR3## wherein R represents an octyl group or a nonyl group and n represents 9, 10 or 40, said surfactant being present in an amount within the range of from about 1 to about 15 percent and effective to normalize liquid transport in the spreading layer.
- 13. An element for detection of analyte dissolved in a proteinaceous, aqueous liquid, the element comprising a radiation transmissive support having thereon an isotropically porous spreading layer and a water-swellable reagent layer, wherein the reagent layer is interposed between the support and the spreading layer and wherein the spreading layer comprises a non-fibrous, water-resistant material and a non-ionic surfactant, the surfactant being present in an amount within the range of from about 1 percent to about 15 percent and effective to normalize liquid transport in the spreading layer.
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16. An element for detection of analyte dissolved in a proteinaceous, aqueous liquid, the element comprising a radiation-transmissive support having thereon, in fluid contact, an isotropically porous spreading layer and a water-swellable reagent layer of lower permeability than the spreading layer, wherein the reagent layer is interposed between the support and the spreading layer and wherein the spreading layer comprises a non-fibrous, water-resistant material and a non-ionic surfactant having the formula ##STR4## wherein R represents an alkyl group of from 1 to about 9 carbon atoms and n represents an integer having a value of from about 5 to about 40, the surfactant being present in an amount effective to normalize liquid transport in the spreading layer.
- 17. An element for detection of analyte dissolved in a proteinaceous, aqueous liquid, the element comprising a radiation-transmissive support having thereon (a) an isotropically porous, water-resistant spreading layer comprising (i) a member selected from the group consisting of a non-fibrous, isotropically porous material and particulate matter, and (ii) a non-ionic surfactant having the formula ##STR5## wherein R represents an alkyl group of from 1 to about 9 carbon atoms and n represents an integer having a value of from about 5 to about 40, the surfactant being present in an amount within the range of from about 1 to about 15 percent and effective to normalize liquid transport in the spreading layer, and (b) a water-swellable reagent layer comprising a hydrophilic colloid matrix having distributed therein a material interactive in the presence of analyte or a precursor or a reaction product thereof to produce a detectable change in the element, wherein the reagent layer is interposed between the support and the spreading layer.
- 19. An element for detection of analyte dissolved in a proteinaceous, aqueous liquid, the element comprising a radiation-transmissive support having thereon (a) an isotropically porous, water-resistant spreading layer comprising (i) a member selected from the group consisting of a blush polymer, a colloid derived from a polymer, and a pigment, and (ii) a surfactant having the formula ##STR6## wherein R represents an alkyl group of from 1 to about 9 carbon atoms and n represents an integer having a value of from about 5 to about 40, the surfactant being present in an amount within the range of from about 1 to about 15 percent and effective to normalize liquid transport in the spreading layer, and (b) a water-swellable reagent layer comprising a hydrophilic colloid matrix having distributed therein a material interactive in the presence of analyte or a precursor or a reaction product thereof to produce a detectable change in the element, wherein the reagent layer is interposed between the support and the spreading layer.
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23. A method for determining the concentration of analyte dissolved in a proteinaceous, aqueous liquid, the method comprising (a) applying a sample of proteinaceous, aqueous liquid to an element comprising an isotropically porous spreading layer and a reagent layer, wherein the spreading layer comprises a non-fibrous, water-resistant material and a non-ionic surfactant in an amount within the range of from about 1 to about 15 percent and effective to normalize liquid transport in the spreading layer, to effect a detectable change in the element in the presence of an analyte within the sample, and (b) detecting any such change produced in the element.
Specification