Digital voice switch

• US 4,052,568 A
• Filed: 04/23/1976
• Issued: 10/04/1977
• Est. Priority Date: 04/23/1976
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: COMSAT Corporation (Reorganized ISA SA)
• Original Assignee: Communications Satellite Corporation (Reorganized ISA SA)
• Inventors: Jankowski, Joseph Albin
• Primary Examiner(s): Cooper, William C.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Chayt, Kenneth A.
• Application Number:
  US05/679,588
• Time in Patent Office: 529 Days
• Field of Search: 179/1 VC, 179/15 AS
• US Class Current: 704/233
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 25/78 Detection of presence or absence of voice signals switching of direction of transmission by voice frequency in two-way loud-speaking telephone systems H04M9/10

Abstract

A digital voice switch for detecting speech signals in the presence of noise on a communication channel. The voice switch employs a threshold adjustment circuitry and three threshold detectors which include a speech detector, a noise detector and a disabling detector. The speech detector having a variable speech threshold level detects the presence of speech signals in the communication channel. The noise detector having a variable noise threshold level detects the presence of noise. The threshold adjustment circuitry, which is capable of providing rapid threshold adjustment, operates in conjunction with the noise detector to detect the noise level and to adjust the speech and noise threshold levels according to the level of the noise present in the communication channel. The disabling detector having a fixed maximum threshold level operates to disable the function of the threshold adjustment circuit while speech is present.

Claims

1. A digital voice switch for detecting speech signals in the presence of noise signals on a communication channel, where the signal in said channel is periodically sampled and encoded, comprising:

a. threshold adjustment means having sources of speech threshold signals and noise threshold signals and means for adjusting said speech and noise threshold signals;

b. speech detector means connected to receive said encoded signal samples and said speech threshold signal from said threshold adjustment means for comparing the magnitude of said samples with said speech threshold signal and for providing an output signal when said speech signals are determined to be present in said communication channel;

c. noise detector means connected to receive said encoded signal samples and said noise threaded signal from said threshold adjustment means for comparing the magnitude of said samples with said noise threshold signal and for providing an output signal developed from comparison of the magnitude of said encoded signal with said noise threshold signal indicating the level of said noise signals in said communications channel;

d. logic means connected to receive said output signal from said noise detector means and having a first state and a second state for applying command output signals to said threshold adjustment means when said logic means is in the first state and for not applying said command signals when said logic means is in the second state, said logic means being in the first state when the level of said noise signals exceeds a predetermined noise level or is less than a second predetermined noise level, and said command output signals causing said threshold adjustment means to adjust the values of said speech and noise threshold signals according to the level of said noise signals;

e. a source of a disabling threshold signal;

f. disabling detector means connected to receive said encoded signal samples and said disabling threshold signal from said source for providing an output signal when said encoded signal sample exceeds said disabling threshold signal; and

g. disabling circuit means connected to receive said output from said disabling detector means and said output signal from said speech detector means for triggering said logic means to the second state when said sample exceeds said disabling threshold signal and when said output signal from said speech detector means indicates the presence of speech signals in said communication channel.

2. A digital voice switch as claimed in claim 1, wherein said logic means applies a first command output signal when the level of said noise signals exceeds said first predetermined noise level and a second command output signal when the level of noise signals is less than said second predetermined noise level.

3. A digital voice switch for detecting the presence of speech signals on a communication channel, where the signal in said channel is periodically sampled and encoded, comprising:

a. threshold adjustment means having sources of speech threshold signals and noise threshold signals and means for adjusting said speech and noise threshold signals;

b. speech threshold detector means having two inputs, one input connected to receive said encoded signal samples and the other input connected to receive said speech threshold signal from said threshold adjustment means, said speech threshold detector means providing a speech output signal indicating the presence of speech signals when said encoded signal samples exceed said speech threshold signal for a predetermined number of consecutive times over a predetermined period of time;

c. noise threshold detector means having two inputs, one input connected to receive said encoded signal samples and the other input connected to receive said noise threshold signal from said threshold adjustment means, said noise detector means providing a noise output signal indicating the presence of noise each time an encoded signal sample exceeds said noise threshold signal;

d. noise level measuring means connected to receive said noise output signal and having accumulator means for accumulating the number of times that encoded signal samples exceed said noise threshold signal over a predetermined period of time;

e. comparison means connected to receive said accumulated number from said noise level measuring means and having a source of first and second predetermined numbers for comparing the accumulated number with said first and second numbers, said comparison means providing a first output signal when said accumulated number exceeds said first number and a second output signal when said accumulated number is less than said second number;

f. a source of a signal representing a disabling threshold level;

g. disabling threshold detector means, connected to receive said encoded signal samples, said signal representing said disabling threshold level from said source, and said speech output signal from said speech threshold detector means, for providing a disabling signal when an encoded signal sample exceeds said signal representing said disabling threshold level and said speech output signal indicates the presence of speech signals in said communication channel and an enabling signal when said encoded signal sample is equal to or is less than said signal representing said disabling threshold level; and

h. logic means, connected to receive said first and second output signals from said comparison means and said disabling and enabling signals from said disabling threshold detector means, for applying a first command output signal to said threshold adjustment means in response to the simultaneous presence of said first output signal and said enabling signal and a second command output signal to said threshold adjustment means in response to the simultaneous presence of said second output signal and said enabling signal, and for not applying either said first or second command output signals when said disabling signal is generated, said first command output signal causing said threshold adjustment means to increase the values of said speech and noise threshold signals by a predetermined increment value and said second command output signal causing said threshold adjustment means to decrease said threshold values by said predetermined increment value.

4. A digital voice switch as claimed in claim 3, wherein said speech threshold detector means further comprises a signal source having a fixed hangover time for producing said speech output signal, said speech output signal being connected to said disabling threshold detector means.

5. A digital voice switch as claimed in claim 4 further comprising a delay device connected to receive said encoded signal samples in said communication channel and a plurality of output gates connected to said delay means and connected to receive said speech output signal from said speech detector means, said output gates providing the passage of said encoded signal samples when said speech output signal is generated.