Method and system for waste treatment

• US 4,053,399 A
• Filed: 04/30/1975
• Issued: 10/11/1977
• Est. Priority Date: 04/30/1975
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Grumman Aerospace Corporation (Northrop Grumman Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Grumman Aerospace Corporation (Northrop Grumman Corporation)
• Inventors: Donnelly, Lawrence A., Mikals, John J., Munier, Alfred E., Flocke, Leland C., Himel, Victor H., Slote, Lawrence
• Primary Examiner(s): Wyse, Thomas G.
• Application Number:
  US05/573,130
• Time in Patent Office: 895 Days
• Field of Search: 210/44, 210/63 R, 210/63 Z, 210/67, 210/71, 210/73 S, 210/152, 210/195 R, 210/195 S, 210/221 P, 210/150, 210/151
• US Class Current: 210/706
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/78 with ozone C02F1/4672 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2201/001 Build in apparatus for autonomous on board water supply and wastewater treatment (e.g. for aircrafts, cruiseships, oil drilling platforms, railway trains, space stations)
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2303/24 Separation of coarse particles, e.g. by using sieves or screens
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 9/00 Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage

Abstract

A method for waste treatment including the steps of and the associated apparatus for removing large solid waste from the influent raw sewage, transmitting the large solid waste to an incinerator, subjecting the resultant liquor to centrifuging to separate additional suspended solids therefrom, passing the additional suspended solids to the incinerator, subjecting the remaining clarified liquid to ozonation to entrap and bubble out remaining solids, to oxidize residual organic contaminants in the liquid, and to disinfect the liquid, and transmitting the solids to the incinerator. The effluent liquid resulting from ozonation can be recycled or discharged into a suitable receptacle, or it may be treated further by activated charcoal and/or reverse osmosis or similar tertiary treatment technique before recycling or discharging.

Claims

1. A method for treating raw sewage comprising the steps of:

a. screening influent sewage to divide the influent sewage into solid waste matter and screened waste fluid;

b. incinerating the solid waste matter;

c. centrifuging the screened waste fluid to divide the screened waste fluid into sludge and clarified liquid;

d. incinerating the sludge;

e. passing ozone bubbles through the clarified liquid to divide the clarified liquid into foam entrapped solids, solids adhering to ozone bubbles, and disinfected liquid;

f. incinerating the foam entrapped solids and solids adhering to ozone bubbles; and

g. removing the disinfected liquid.

2. A method for treating raw sewage according to claim 1 wherein centrifuging of step (c) comprises initial coarse centrifuging and subsequent fine centrifuging.

3. A method for treating raw sewage according to claim 1 which further comprises subjecting the disinfected liquid to tertiary purification.

4. A method according to claim 1 which further includes the step of screening the sludge resulting from said centrifuging step to remove excess fluid from the sludge prior to incinerating the sludge.

5. A method according to claim 4 which further includes the step of screening the foam entrapped solids to remove excess liquid therefrom prior to incinerating the foam entrapped solids.

6. A waste treatment system suitable for use aboard marine vessels and in mobile land vehicles comprising:

influent screen means adapted to receive influent sewage from a source of sewage, said influent screen means adapted to separate influent sewage into solid waste matter and screened waste liquid;

an evaporator/incinerator including burner means adapted for incinerating the solid waste matter;

means for transferring the solid waste matter from said influent screen means to said evaporator/incinerator;

receiving means for receiving screened waste liquid from said influent screen means;

means for transferring waste liquid from said screen means to said receiving means;

centrifuge means adapted to separate sludge from clarified liquid in the screened waste liquid;

means for transferring the screened waste liquid from said receiving means to said centrifuge means;

means for withdrawing the sludge from said centrifuge means and passing said sludge to the evaporator/incinerator;

ozonator means for receiving the clarified liquid, said ozonator source generally adapted to disinfect said clarified liquid and to remove a substantial portion of suspended solids from the clarified liquid, said ozonator means including;

a source of ozone,

at least one reactor column adapted to receive the clarified liquid for reaction with the ozone,

diffuser means in each reactor column for introducing and evenly dispersing ozone bubbles within the clarified liquid to provide gas-to-liquid contact, and

means for supplying ozone from said ozone source to said diffuser means;

means for transferring clarified liquid from said centrifuge means to each of said reactor columns;

means for removing the removed solids contained generally in a foam formed on the surface of clarified liquid in each reactor column and for passing the solids to said evaporator/incinerator; and

means for withdrawing the remaining disinfected liquid from said ozonator means.

7. A waste treatment system according to claim 6 wherein said receiving means comprises a surge tank generally adapted to retain screened waste fluid.

8. A waste treatment system according to claim 7 wherein said means for transferring the solid waste matter from said influent screen means to said evaporator/incinerator comprises conduit means therebetween adapted to allow transfer of the solid waste to said evaporator/incinerator generally by gravity flow thereof, and wherein said means for transferring waste liquid from said influent screen means to said surge tank comprises conduit means therebetween adapted to allow transfer of the screened waste liquid to said surge tank generally by gravity flow thereof.

9. A waste treatment system according to claim 7 wherein said means for withdrawing sludge from said centrifuge means further includes means for passing said sludge to said influent screen means to remove excess fluid from said sludge before passage of said sludge to said evaporator/incinerator.

10. A waste treatment system according to claim 7 wherein said means for withdrawing foam from said ozonator means further includes means for passing said foam to said influent screen means to remove excess liquid from said foam before passage of said solids to said evaporator/incinerator.

11. A waste treatment system according to claim 10 wherein said means for passing the foam to said influent screen is adapted to pass the foam substantially by gravity flow, such that the foam is introduced at a point on said influent screen generally below the top thereof.

12. A waste treatment system according to claim 7 which further comprises:

means for starting the centrifuge means and ozonator means, and automatically initiating surge tank pump-out and evaporator/incinerator burning cycles;

sensing and timing means for initiating sludge clean-out of the centrifuge means;

timing means for starting the evaporator/incinerator;

high temperature thermal switching means to cycle the burner means to prevent overheating in said evaporator/incinerator;

incinerator pan thermal switch means for shutting off said burner means when sludge has been reduced to ashes;

master alarm means for alerting an operator of failure in said system; and

control means for controlling all of said starting means, said sensing and timing means, said timing means, said switching means and said switch means from an essentially single location.

13. A waste treatment system according to claim 7 wherein said centrifuge means comprises a coarse centrifuge, means for withdrawing sludge separated out by said coarse centrifuge and passing said sludge to said evaporator/incinerator, a fine centrifuge in flow communication with said coarse centrifuge for receiving clarified liquid from said coarse centrifuge to separate out additional sludge and produce further clarified liquid.

14. A waste treatment system according to claim 7 wherein said reactor column is formed with a substantially cone-shaped bottom and said diffuser means comprises a stainless steel mushroom diffuser positioned within said cone substantially near its cusp and said means for withdrawing the disinfected liquid is at said cusp.

15. A waste treatment system according to claim 14 which further includes means for packing said reactor column to improve quality of effluent.

16. A waste treatment system according to claim 7 wherein said reactor column is formed with a substantially cone-shaped bottom and said diffuser means comprises a Teflon O-ring diffuser positioned within said cone substantially near its cusp and said means for withdrawing the disinfected liquid is at said cusp.

17. A waste treatment system according to claim 16 which further includes means for packing said reactor column to improve quality of effluent.

18. A waste treatment system according to claim 7 wherein said diffuser comprises a stainless steel disc diffuser positioned at an angle in said reactor column substantially near its bottom, and said means for withdrawing disinfected liquid from said reactor column comprises an outlet at the bottom of said reactor column slightly above said disc diffuser at its lowest point.

19. A waste treatment system according to claim 18 which further includes means for packing said reactor column to improve quality of effluent.

20. A waste treatment system according to claim 7 which further includes at least one tertiary treatment device for additionally treating said disinfected liquid.