Microstrip-dipole antenna elements and arrays thereof
First Claim
Patent Images
1. An antenna element comprising:
- a microstrip board having a conductive feed line on a first side thereof and a conductive surface on its second side; and
at least one conductive dipole separated from said conductive surface by less than one-sixth of a wavelength of the antenna element'"'"'s operational frequency as measured in the medium between said dipole and said conductive surface, and with said at least one dipole being spaced apart from and asymmetrically disposed relative to said feed line such that one end portion of said dipole overlaps said feed line and the remaining portion of said dipole does not overlap said feed line and with said asymmetrical orientation of said dipole being sufficient to cause substantially different amounts of reactive coupling between the feed line and the respective end portions of the dipole;
wherebysignals can be applied or received across said feed line and said conductive surface.
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Abstract
Herein disclosed are antenna elements comprised of a dipole reactively coupled to a feed line on a microstrip board; and linearly and circularly polarized arrays of such elements.
93 Citations
34 Claims
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1. An antenna element comprising:
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a microstrip board having a conductive feed line on a first side thereof and a conductive surface on its second side; and at least one conductive dipole separated from said conductive surface by less than one-sixth of a wavelength of the antenna element'"'"'s operational frequency as measured in the medium between said dipole and said conductive surface, and with said at least one dipole being spaced apart from and asymmetrically disposed relative to said feed line such that one end portion of said dipole overlaps said feed line and the remaining portion of said dipole does not overlap said feed line and with said asymmetrical orientation of said dipole being sufficient to cause substantially different amounts of reactive coupling between the feed line and the respective end portions of the dipole;
wherebysignals can be applied or received across said feed line and said conductive surface. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. An antenna element comprising:
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a microstrip board having a conductive feed line on a first side thereof and a conductive surface on its second side; and at least two conductive dipoles reactively coupled to one another and space apart from and asymmetrically disposed relative to said feed line such that one end portion of each dipole overlaps said feed line and the remaining portion of each dipole does not overlap said feed line and with said asymmetrical orientation of each dipole being sufficient to cause substantially different amounts of reactive coupling between the feed line and the respective end portions of each dipole, and said dipoles being separated from said conductive surface by less than one-sixth of a wavelength of the element'"'"'s operational frequency, as measured in the medium between said dipoles and said conductive surface. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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23. A linear antenna array comprising:
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a microstrip board having a conductive feed line on a first side thereof and a conductive surface on its second side; and a plurality of conductive dipole elements each of which is spaced apart from and asymmetrically disposed relative to said feed line such that one end portion of each dipole overlaps said feed line and the remaining portion of each dipole does not overlap said feed line and with said asymmetrical orientation of each dipole being sufficient to cause substantially different amounts of reactive coupling between the feed line and the respective end portions of each dipole and said dipoles being separated from said conductive surface by less than one-sixth of a wavelength of the array'"'"'s operational frequency, as measured in the medium between said dipoles and said conductive surface; whereby the illumination taper of the array is determined by the relative coupling pattern between said dipoles and said feed line; and
signals can be applied or received across said feed line and said conductive surface. - View Dependent Claims (24, 25)
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26. A planar array antenna comprising:
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a microstrip board having on a first side thereof a corporate feed arrangement comprising interconnected conductive feed lines arranged so that ends of the feed lines form a preselected pattern, and having a conductive surface on its second side; a dielectric board having an array of conductive dipole elements arranged in the same pattern as said ends of the feed lines; and
whereinsaid dielectric board is disposed on top of said microstrip board such that each of said dipoles are separated from an associated feed line by the thickness of said dielectric board, such that each of said dipoles is spaced apart from and asymmetrically disposed relative to its associated feed line such that one end portion of each dipole overlaps said feed line and the remaining portion of each dipole does not overlap said feed line and with said asymmetrical orientation of each dipole being sufficient to cause substantially different amounts of reactive coupling between the feed line and the respective end portions of each dipole and wherein the thickness of said microstrip and dielectric boards are such that said dipoles elements are separated from said conductive surface by less than one-sixth of a wavelength of the array'"'"'s operational frequency, as measured in the medium between said dipole and said conductive surface;
wherebysignals can be applied or received across said corporate feed arrangement and said conductive surface. - View Dependent Claims (27, 28)
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29. An antenna element adapted for transmitting circularly polarized signals comprising:
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a microstrip board having on a first side thereof a conductive feed line, one end of which terminates into mutually orthogonal arms and with one arm being approximately a quarter of a wavelength of the antenna element'"'"'s operational frequency longer than the other arm; and
having a conductive surface on its second side and wherein a portion of said feed line contiguous to said arms is slotted and a resistive material bridges said slot;
whereby during the operation of said antenna, energy reflected from the ends of said arms is dissipated by said resistive material;a dielectric board having a pair of mutually orthogonal conductive dipoles; and
whereinsaid dielectric board is disposed relative to said microstrip board such that said dipoles are separated from said feed line by the thickness of said dielectric board and so that each of said dipoles is reactively coupled to an associated one of the arms of said feed line;
wherebycircularly polarized signals can be applied or received across said feed line and said conductive surface.
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30. A circularly polarized antenna comprising:
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a microstrip board having on a first side thereof a corporate feed arrangement comprising interconnected conductive feed lines, with one end of each feed line terminating in two mutually orthogonal arms and with one arm of each line being approximately 90°
longer than the other arm at the antenna'"'"'s operational frequency; and
having a conductive surface on its second side;a dielectric board having a plurality of pairs of mutually orthogonal conductive dipoles arranged in the same pattern as the ends of the feed lines on said microstrip board; and
wherein;said dielectric board is disposed relative to said microstrip board such that said dipoles are separated from said corporate feed arrangement by the thickness of said dielectric board and so that each of said dipoles is reactively coupled to an associated one of the arms of an associated feed line;
wherebycircularly polarized signals can be transmitted or received by applying or receiving signals across said corporate feed arrangement and said conductive surface. - View Dependent Claims (31, 32, 33)
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34. A circularly polarized antenna comprising:
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a microstrip board having on a first side thereof a corporate feed arrangement comprising interconnected conductive feed lines, with one end of each feed line terminating in two mutually orthogonal arms and with one arm of each line being approximately 90°
longer than the other arm at the antenna'"'"'s operating frequency; and
having a conductive surface on its second side and wherein a portion of each of said feed lines contiguous to said arms is slotted and a resistive material bridges said slot;
whereby during the operation of said antenna, energy reflected from the ends of said arms is dissipated by said resistive material;a dielectric board having a plurality of disk shaped conductors arranged thereon in the same pattern as the ends of the feed lines on said microstrip board; and
whereinsaid dielectric board is disposed relative to said microstrip board such that said disk shaped conductors are separated from said corporate feed arrangement by the thickness of said dielectric board and so that each of said disk shaped conductors is reactively coupled to the arms of an associated feed line;
wherebycircularly polarized signals can be applied or received by applying or receiving signals across said corporate feed arrangement and said conductive surface.
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Specification