Contaminating spill detection arrangement

• US 4,058,802 A
• Filed: 02/09/1976
• Issued: 11/15/1977
• Est. Priority Date: 02/09/1976
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Frank Meyers
• Original Assignee: Frank Meyers
• Inventors: Meyers, Frank
• Primary Examiner(s): Queisser, Richard C.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Roskos, Joseph W.
• Application Number:
  US05/656,434
• Time in Patent Office: 645 Days
• Field of Search: 73/53, 73/61.1 R, 340/224, 340/236, 340/242, 200/61.04, 200/61.08
• US Class Current: 340/517
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/1833 Oil in water

Abstract

An arrangement for detecting the presence of contaminants, such as an oil spill, in a body of water. At a predetermined location in the body of water there is provided at least one detector station means having thereon at least one contaminant detector element. The contaminant detector element has a characteristic that changes for the condition of the presence of a contaminant impinging thereon. For example, the characteristic may be a dimension thereof. Sensing means are provided to detect changes in the characteristic and to generate an information signal responsive to such changes in the characteristic. A transmitter means is provided for transmitting a transmission signal responsive to the information signal when there has been a change in the characteristic. The transmission signal is transmitted to regions remote the detector station means. At such regions remote from the detector station means there is provided a receiving station means which receives the transmission signal and provides an output signal such as a control signal or a visual or audible signal in response thereto.

Claims

1. A contamination spill detection arrangement of the type adapted to detect the presense of predetermined contaminants in a body of water and transmit signals to a remotely located receiving station in response to the detected presence of the contaminants, and comprising, in combination:

at least one detector station means positioned at a predetermined location in the body of water, and said at least one detector station comprising;

detector element means comprising at least one contaminant detector element, said at least one contaminant detector element at least partially submerged in the water, and said at least one contaminant detector element having a predetermined characteristic responsive to presence of the predetermined contaminant thereon and varying said predetermined characteristic for the condition of the contaminant impinging on said at least one contaminant detector element;

sensing means coupled to said at least one contaminant detector element for sensing said variation in said predetermined characteristic, and said sensing means further comprising information signal generating means for generating a first information signal in response to said variations;

transmitter means for receiving said first information signal and generating a transmission signal responsive thereto, and transmitting said transmission signal to locations remote said detector station means;

means operatively connected to said transmitter means for repetitively providing a predetermined on-time period and a predetermined off-time of said transmitter, and said transmission signal generated during said on-time period;

receiving station means spaced from said predetermined location for receiving said transmission signal and generating at least one output signal in response thereto.

2. The arrangement defined in claim 1 wherein:

said detector element is fully submerged in the body of water.

3. The arrangement defined in claim 2 wherein:

said peredetermined characteristic of said detector element is a dimension thereof, and said predetermined variation is an increase in said dimension.

4. The arrangement defined in claim 3 wherein:

said predetermined contaminant is hydrocarbon.

5. The arrangement defined in claim 4 wherein:

said at least one output signal of said receiving station means comprising a visually detectable signal.

6. The arrangement defined in claim 4 wherein:

said at least one output signal from said receiving station means comprises an audibly detectable signal.

7. The arrangement defined in claim 4 wherein:

said sensing means further comprises;

a normally open switch means;

actuator means coupled to said at least one contaminant detector element adjacent said normally open switch means for closing said switch means for the condition of said dimension exceeding a predetermined value;

audio frequency signal generating means connected to said normally open switch means for generating an audio frequency signal having a predetermined audio frequency for the condition said normally open switch means is closed, and said audio frequency signal comprises said first information signal;

said transmitter means further comprises;

radio frequency signal generating means for generating an RF signal having a predetermined radio frequency;

frequency modulation means for receiving said audio frequency signal from said audio frequency signal generator means and frequency modulating said RF signal at said preselected audio frequency to provide an audio frequency modulated RF signal, and said audio frequency modulated RF signal comprises said transmission signal; and

antenna means for transmitting said audio frequency modulated RF signal to said receiving station means.

8. The arrangement defined in claim 7 wherein:

said transmitter means further comprises;

status signal generating means for generating a status signal different from said transmission signal and transmitting said status signal to regions remote said detector station means;

first cyclically operable means for cyclically operating said status signal generating means in a first predetermined cycle comprising a transmission period of approximately one minute each twenty four hours;

second cyclically operable means for cyclically operating said transmitter means to energize said transmitter means to transmit said audio frequency modulated RF signal during second predetermined time periods in a second predetermined cycle;

switch means interconnecting said audio frequency generating means and said transmitter means for receiving said audio frequency signal and energizing said transmitter means in response thereto;

said receiving station means further comprises;

means for receiving said status output signal and providing a status output response signal in response thereto, said status output response signal different from said at least one output signal.

9. The arrangement defined in claim 8 wherein:

said second predetermined time period is approximately twenty seconds and said second predetermined cycle is approximately one minute.

10. The arrangement defined in claim 1 wherein:

said transmitter means further comprises;

status signal generating means for generating a status signal different from said transmission signal and transmitting said status signal to regions remote said detector station means;

first cyclically operable means for cyclically operating said status signal generating means in a first predetermined cycle; and

said receiving station means further comprises;

means for receiving said status signal and providing a status output response signal in response thereto, said status output response signal different from said at least one output signal.

11. The arrangement defined in claim 10 wherein:

said first cyclically operable means provides generation of said status output signal for a first predetermined time period of approximately 1 minute cyclically repeated approximately each 24 hours.

12. A contamination spill detection arrangement of the type adapted to detect the presence of predetermined contaminants in a body of water and transmit signals to a remotely located receiving station in response to the detected presence of the contaminants, and comprising, in combination:

a plurality of detector station means positioned in the body of water in a predetermined spaced array, and each of said detector station means comprising;

a plurality of contamination detector elements, each of said plurality of contamination detector elements at least partially submerged in the water, and each of said plurality of contamination detector elements having a predetermined characteristic responsive to the presence of the predetermined contaminant thereon for varying said predetermined characteristic for the condition of the contaminant impinging on said contaminant detector element;

sensing means coupled to said plurality of contaminant detector elements for sensing said variation in said predetermined characteristic in each of said contamination detector elements, and said sensing means further comprising first information signal generating means for generating a plurality of first information signals different from each other and each of said plurality of first information signals corresponding to one of said plurality of contamination detector elements;

transmission means for receiving said plurality of first information signals and generating a plurality of transmission signals in response thereto, each of said transmission signals different from each other and each of said transmission signals corresponding to one of said plurality of first information signals, and transmitting said plurality of transmission signals to locations remote said detector station means.

13. The arrangement defined in claim 12 and further comprising:

receiving station means for receiving said plurality transmission signals from said transmission means and generating a plurality of output signals corresponding to one of said plurality of first information signals.

14. The arrangement defined in claim 13 wherein:

each of said plurality of detector elements is fully submerged in the body of water.

15. The arrangement defined in claim 14 wherein:

said predetermined characteristic of said detector element is a dimension thereof, and said predetermined variation is an increase in said dimension.

16. The arrangement defined in claim 15 wherein:

said predetermined contaminant is hydrocarbon.

17. The arrangement defined in claim 16 wherein:

said transmitter means further comprises;

status output signal generating means for generating a status output signal different from said transmission signal and transmitting said status output signal to regions remote said plurality of detector station means;

first cyclically operable means for cyclically operating said status output signal generating means in a first predetermined cycle; and

said receiving station means further comprises;

means for receiving said status output signal and providing a status output response signal in response thereto, said status output response signal different from said plurality of output signals.

18. The arrangement defined in claim 17 wherein:

each of said plurality of output signals and said status output signal comprise separate visually detectable means.

19. The arrangement defined in claim 18 wherein:

said first cyclically operable means provides generation of said status output signal for a first predetermined time period of approximately one minute cyclically repeated approximately each 24 hours.

20. The arrangement defined in claim 19 wherein:

said sensing means further comprises;

a plurality of normally open switch means;

actuator means ocupled to each of said contamination detection elements and adjacent one of said plurality of normally open switch means for closing said normally open switch means for the condition of said dimension of said contamination detection element exceeding a predetermined value;

audio frequency signal generating means connected to each of said plurality of switch means for generating a plurality of audio frequency signals, each of said audio frequency signals having a frequency different from the other audio frequency signals, and each of said audio frequency signals corresponding to the condition fo one of said normally open switch means closed, and said plurality of audio frequency signals comprise said plurality of first information signals, and said audio frequency generating means further comprises;

sequential sampling means for sequentially sensing the condition of each of said normally open switch means for a predetermined time period for providing generation of said audio frequency signal corresponding thereto only during said predetermined time period.

21. The arrangement defined in claim 20 wherein said transmitter means further comprises:

radio frequency signal generating means for generating an RF signal having a predetermined radio frequency;

frequency modulation means for receiving said plurality of audio frequency signals from said audio frequency signal generating means and frequency modulating said RF signal at said audio frequency of each of said plurality of audio frequency signals to provide an audio frequency modulated RF signal, and said audio frequency modulated RF signal comprises said transmission signal; and

antennae means for transmitting said audio frequency modulated RF signal to said receiving station means.

22. The arrangemetn defined in claim 20 wherein:

said detector element is fabricated from the group consisting of expanded polystyrene and non-woven polyethelene.

23. The arrangement defined in claim 12 wherein:

said transmitter means further comprises;

switch means interconnecting said audio frequency generating means and said transmitter means for receiving said audio frequency signal and energizing said transmitter means in response thereto; and

transmitter control means for cyclically operating said transmitter means to provide a transmission period of approximately twenty seconds of signal transmission and approximately sixty seconds off;

said sensing means further comprises;

sequential sampling means for sampling the condition of each of said normally opened switch means for a time period of 0.5 seconds.

24. The arrangement defined in claim 12 wherein:

said plurality of contamination detector elements further comprises;

a first group thereof responsive to the presence of first preselected hydrocarbons; and

a second group thereof responsive to second preselected hydrocarbons.

25. The arrangement defined in claim 24 wherein:

said first group of contamination detector elements are fabricated from expanded polystyrene and said first preselected hydrocarbons are aromatic hydrocarbons;

said second group of contamination detector elements are fabricated from non-woven polyethelene and said second preselected hydrocarbons are parafinic.

26. A contamination spill detection arrangement of the type adapted to detect the presence of predetermined contaminants and transmit signals to a receiving station in response to the detected presence of the contaminants, and comprising, in combination:

at least one detector station means positioned at a predetermined location and said at least one detector station comprising;

detector element means comprising at least one contaminant detector element, said at least one contaminant detector element having a predetermined characteristic responsive to presence of the predetermined contaminant thereon and varying said predetermined characteristic for the condition of the contaminant impinging on said at least one contaminant detector element;

sensing means coupled to said at least one contaminant detector element for sensing said variation in said predetermined characteristic, and said sensing means further comprising information signal generating means for generating a first information signal in response to said variations;

transmitter means for receiving said first information signal and transmitting said first information signal to regions remote said detector station means;

status signal generating means for generating a second information signal different from said first information signal coupled to said transmitter means;

cyclically operable means operatively connected to said status signal generating means for cyclically operating said status signal generating means whereby said second information signal is cyclically transmitted by said transmitter means;

receiving station means spaced from said predetermined location for receiving said first and said second information signals and generating a first output signal in response to said first information signal and a second output signal different from said first output signal in response to said second information signal.

27. The arrangement defined in claim 26 wherein said sensing means further comprises:

a normally open switch means;

actuator means coupled to said at least one contaminant detector element adjacent said normally open switch means for closing said switch means for the condition of said dimension exceeding a predetermined value;

audio frequency signal generating means connected to said normally open switch means for generating an audio frequency signal having a predetermined audio frequency for the condition said normally open switch means is closed, and said audio frequency signal comprises said first information signal.