Surgical instrument for operation of anterior fenestrated spondylodessis in vertebral osteochondrosis

• US 4,059,115 A
• Filed: 06/14/1976
• Issued: 11/22/1977
• Est. Priority Date: 06/14/1976
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Georgy Stepanovich Jumashev, Motel Khaimovich Furman
• Original Assignee: Georgy Stepanovich Jumashev, Motel Khaimovich Furman
• Inventors: Furman, Motel Khaimovich, Jumashev, Georgy Stepanovich
• Primary Examiner(s): Pace, Channing L.
• Application Number:
  US05/695,407
• Time in Patent Office: 526 Days
• Field of Search: 128/305, 128/305.1, 128/310, 128/317, 128/69, 408/36, 408/54, 408/67, 408/204, 408/206, 408/224, 408/703
• US Class Current: 606/82
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1637 Hollow drills or saws producing a curved cut, e.g. cylindrical A61B10/025, A61B17/1695 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1671 for the spine
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/2839 Bone plugs or bone graft dowels
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4649 Bone graft or bone dowel harvest sites
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 408/703 Trepanning
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 408/375 Coaxial tools

Abstract

A surgical instrument for the surgical operation of anterior fenestrated spondylodesis comprising an elongated hollow body with a handle at one end, and a detachable hollow cylindrical cutter with a cutting edge, at the other. Incorporated within the body is a shaft with a knife on the end situated within the cavity of the cutter. The instrument has a device for securing the shaft in the body in a position whereat the blades and cutting edge of the knife and the cutter lie in the same plane. The cutter is intended for excising two transplants in the shape of cylindrical segments from two adjacent vertebrae, and the knife, for undercutting them, once they are formed by the cutter. Also situated in the cutter'"'"'s cavity is a limit flange secured on the shaft, which comes in contact with the surface of the vertebral bodies and restricts the depth to which the knife descends into the intervertebral slit and, together with a stop on the proximal end of the body interacting with the end of the shaft, ensures the right depth of the cutter'"'"'s penetration into the adjacent vertebral bodies.

The instrument is reliable, does not endanger, during surgery, nearby large vessels and nerve formations, and precludes the penetration of the knife into the vertebral canal. The instrument permits the operation to be performed on any region of the spinal column.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument for the operation of anterior fenestral spondylodesis in vertebral osteochondrosis, comprising:

a hollow elongated cylindrical body;

a hollow cylindrical cutter, having a cavity and a cutting edge in a given plane, secured on a distal end of said body coaxially therewith and intended for the simultaneous exicision of two transplants in the shape of cylindrical segments from two adjacent vertebrae separated by an intervertebral slit;

a shaft situated in said body coaxially therewith and freely rotatable therein and movable longitudinally with respect thereto;

a knife situated in the cavity of said cutter and secured on said shaft for movement jointly therewith, said knife having blades situated in a plane parallel to said given plane, and said blades having a size small enough for introduction of the knife into the intervertebral slit following the removal of an intervertebral disk, said knife being adapted completely to undercut said transplants, after their excision by said cutter, upon subsequent rotation of the knife;

a device for securing said shaft relative to the aforementioned body in a position where the cutting edge of the cutter and the blades of the knife lie in approximately the same plane, while preventing the shaft'"'"'s rotation relative to the body;

a limit flange, secured on said shaft and situated within the cavity of said cutter at a distance from the blades of said knife, equal to a predetermined height of the transplants being excised and intended for coming in contact with the surface of said adjacent vertebrae and thereby restricting the depth of the knife'"'"'s descent into the intervertebral slit;

a stop situated at the proximal end of said body, interacting with a proximal end of said shaft during its longitudinal movement towards the proximal end of the body and ensuring thereby, together with said limit flange, a present depth of penetration of the cutter into adjacent vertebrae.

2. A surgical instrument as claimed in claim 1, in which said limit flange is secured on said shaft so as to enable the adjustment of its distance from the blades of the knife in order to control the height of the transplants being excised.

3. A surgical instrument as claimed in claim 2, comprising:

a sleeve carrying said limit flange and set on said shaft, longitudinally movable and rotatable thereon;

a lug on said sleeve;

said shaft being formed with several mutually spaced annular grooves each adapted for engagement with the aforementioned lug for determining the position of said sleeve.

4. A surgical instrument as claimed in claim 1, in which an elongated handle is secured on a proximal end of said hollow elongated cylindrical body extending transversely thereto, said securing device, securing the shaft relative to the body, being so situated as to secure, when in the secured position, the position of said knife, fastened on the shaft, and said handle, fastened on the body, in the same longitudinal plane.

5. A surgical instrument as claimed in claim 2, in which an elongated handle is secured on a proximal end of said hollow elongated cylindrical body transversely thereto, said device for securing the shaft relative to the body being so situated as to secure, when in the secured position, the position of said knife, fastened on the shaft, and said handle, fastened on the body, in the same longitudinal plane.

6. A surgical instrument as claimed in claim 1, in which said hollow cylindrical cutter is detachably secured to said hollow elongated cylindrical body.

7. A surgical instrument as claimed in claim 1, in which said knife is detachably secured to said shaft.