Control system employing a programmable multiple channel controller for transmitting control signals over electrical power lines

• US 4,060,735 A
• Filed: 07/12/1976
• Issued: 11/29/1977
• Est. Priority Date: 07/12/1976
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Johnson Service Company
• Original Assignee: Johnson Controls, Inc. (Johnson Controls International plc)
• Inventors: Pascucci, Gregory A., Krishnaiyer, Ramesh, Pridemore, Donald Floyd
• Primary Examiner(s): Schaefer, Robert K.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ginsburg, Morris
• Application Number:
  US05/704,536
• Time in Patent Office: 505 Days
• Field of Search: 307/3, 307/140, 307/85, 307/86, 307/87, 307/4, 307/5, 340/310 R, 340/310 A, 340/310 CP
• US Class Current: 307/3
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00007 using the power network as support for the transmission
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/121 using the power network as support for the transmission

Abstract

A control system including a programmable multiple channel digital controller which is operable to generate control signals which are transmitted over electrical power lines of a building complex for enabling receivers associated with functional devices for controlling the operation of functional devices, the transmitter being operable to transmit control signals during selected ones of a plurality of data channels which define a data frame, and in one embodiment, different ones of the receivers are programmed to respond to control signals transmitted in different data channels for controlling the associated functional device. In another embodiment, the transmitted control signals are coded to represent an address of one or more of the receivers and a control command, each receiver comparing its address with the transmitted address, and the addressed receiver effecting the control function represented by the control command.

Claims

1. In a control system wherein functional devices are controlled in response to control signals transmitted over an electrical power distribution network of a building complex including power lines which conduct cyclical AC power signals, a control arrangement comprising transmitter means including timing means coupled to one of said power lines and responsive to a plurality of cycles of said power signals to define a like plurality of data channels which comprise a data frame, and signal means responsive to said timing means for providing control signals at a predetermined frequency which are coupled to said power line during selected ones of a plurality of said data channels for transmission over said power distribution network, and a plurality of receiver means each individually associated with a different one of said functional devices, each of said receiver means including input means coupled to one of said power lines for detecting said control signals, and enabling means for enabling the associated receiver means to respond to control signals in at least one of said data channels for controlling the associated functional device.

2. A control system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said signal means includes select means for determining the data channels in which control signals are coupled to said power line.

3. A control system as set forth in claim 2 wherein said select means includes programmable switch means manually operable to select the data channels.

4. A control system as set forth in claim 2 wherein said timing means includes first means responsive to said plurality of cycles of said power signals to provide a plurality of output pulses of a predetermined time duration which determine the time for which control signals are coupled to said power line in the selected data channels.

5. A control system as set forth in claim 4 wherein said timing means is responsive to further cycles of said AC power signals to provide further output pulses of said predetermined duration, said signal means including second means responsive to further output pulses to cause control signals to be coupled to said power line for a predetermined time duration for providing a start signal which indicates the start of said data frame.

6. A control system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said signal means includes signal generating means which provides control signals at a frequency which is a harmonic of the frequency of the AC power signals.

7. A control system as set forth in claim 5 wherein said enabling means for each receiver means includes further select means for selecting one of data channels for said receiver means to enable said receiver means to respond to control signals transmitted in said selected data channel.

8. A control system as set forth in claim 7 wherein said further select means includes programmable switch means manually operable to select the data channel for said receiver means.

9. A control system as set forth in claim 7 wherein said further select means is responsive to said AC power signals and to said start signal to provide an enabling signal at a predetermined time following said start signal, and wherein said enabling means further includes comparator means responsive to said input means and said enabling signal for effecting the enabling of said functional device whenever control signals are transmitted in a preselected one of said data channels.

10. A control system as set forth in claim 9 wherein said comparator means includes means for delaying the enabling of said functional device until after control signals have been transmitted in the preselected data channel in a plurality of consecutive data frames, and for thereafter maintaining said functional device enabled until control signals fail to be transmitted in said preselected data channel in said plurality of consecutive data frames.

11. A control system as set forth in claim 10 wherein said further select means includes missing signal detecting means enabled whenever the start signal fails to be transmitted in a data frame to inhibit said further select means.

12. A control system as set forth in claim 9 wherein said enabling means includes further comparator means responsive to said input means and to a further enabling signal provided by said further select means for effecting the enabling of a further functional device.

13. A control system as set forth in claim 4 wherein the control signals transmitted in first ones of said data channels represent an address for a selected receiver means, and the control signals transmitted in at least a second one of said data channels represents a control command indicating a control function to be provided, the enabling means of each receiver means including addressable means operable to provide a control output whenever the control signals in said first data channels represent an address assigned to the receiver means, and control means responsive to said control output to effect the control functions indicated by the control signals in said second data channel.

14. A control system as set forth in claim 13 wherein said addressable means includes programmable switch means selectively operable to select an address for the associated receiver means.

15. A control system as set forth in claim 13 wherein said control means includes bistable means which is set to a first state to effect the energization of the associated functional device in response to a first control command, and is set to a second state to effect the deenergization of the associated functional device in response to a second control command.

16. A control system as set forth in claim 13 wherein said transmitter means includes start pulse generating means responsive to said timing to effect the generation of a start pulse at the start of each data frame for transmission over said power distribution network, each of said receiver means including start pulse detecting means responsive to said start pulse to enable said addressable means to respond to said control signals.

17. In a control system wherein functional devices are controlled in response to control signals transmitted over an electrical power distribution network of a building complex including power lines which conduct cyclical AC power signals, a control arrangement comprising transmitter means including first timing means coupled to one of said power lines and responsive to said power signals to continuously define a plurality of data channels which comprise data frames, data means responsive to said first timing means for generating a start signal at the start of each data frame followed by data signals in at least one of said data channels of said data frame and signal means for applying said start signal and said data signals to said power line for transmission over said power distribution network, and at least one receiver means associated with one of said functional devices and including input means coupled to one of said power lines for detecting said start signal and said data signals in each data frame, second timing means responsive to said AC power signals for generating a sequence of output signals, referenced in time to said AC power signals, enabling means controlled by said input means to respond to said output signals to provide an enabling output at a predetermined time following the detection of said start signal, and output means enabled by said enabling output to be responsive to said input means for controlling the associated functional device whenever a data signal is detected at said predetermined time in a plurality of successive data frames.

18. A control system as set forth in claim 17 wherein said timing means includes means responsive to said AC power signals to provide a plurality of output pulses of a predetermined duration and at a predetermined rate for each of said data frames, said data means including start signal generating means responsive to at least one of said output pulses to effect the generation of said start signal, and select means responsive to further ones of said output pulses which define said data channels to effect the generation of data signals of said predetermined duration in at least said one data channel.

19. A control system as set forth in claim 18 wherein said input means includes reference means responsive to said output signals and said data signals to provide an output of said predetermined duration which is referenced in time to said AC power signals.

20. A control system as set forth in claim 17 wherein said input means includes detect means responsive to said start signal to provide a first output and responsive to each data signal to provide a second output, said enabling means including pulse counting means responsive to the output signals provided by said second timing means to provide output pulses, and wherein said input means includes means responsive to said first output to reset said pulse counting means whereby said pulse counting means provides pulse outputs which correspond in time to the data channels, said enabling means including select means responsive to a preselected one of said pulse outputs to provide said enabling output.

21. A control system as set forth in claim 20 wherein said output means includes pulse storage means responsive to said enabling output to be controlled by a second output of said detect means to provide a control output for controlling the functional device.

22. A control system as set forth in claim 21 wherein said pulse storage means includes first data latch means which is set in response to the coincidence of said enabling output and one of second outputs of said detect means in a first data frame, and second data latch means which is set in response to the coincidence of said enabling output and one of said second outputs of said detect means in the next consecutive data frame.

23. A control system as set forth in claim 22 wherein said output means further includes output control means operable when enabled to effect energization of said functional device and means responsive to the setting of said first and second data latch means to enable said output control means.

24. A control system as set forth in claim 23 wherein said first and second data latch means are reset in response to the lack of coincidence of said enabling output and one of said second outputs of said detect means in two consecutive data frames to effect the disabling of said output control means for causing said functional device to be deenergized.

25. A control system as set forth in claim 23 wherein said enabling means includes missing signal detecting means enabled whenever a start fails to be transmitted in a data frame to effect reset of said first and second data latch means.

26. In a control system wherein functional devices are controlled in response to control signals transmitted over an electrical power distribution network of a building complex including power lines which conduct cyclical AC power signals, a control arrangement comprising transmitter means including first timing means coupled to one of said power lines and responsive to a plurality of cycles of said power signals to define a like plurality of data channels which comprise a data frame, signal generating means for providing control signals at a predetermined frequency at an output thereof, switching means responsive to said first timing means for coupling said output of said signal generating means to said power line to permit the transmission of said control signals over said power distribution network in selected data channels, and select means interposed between said first timing means and said switching means for selecting the data channels, and at least one receiver means associated with one of said functional devices and including second timing means responsive to said AC power signals for providing a first control output at a time following the start of said data frame which corresponds to a data channel assigned to said receiver means, input means coupled to one of said power lines for detecting control signals transmitted over said power distribution network during said data frame and providing a second control output whenever control signals are detected, and comparator means responsive to the coincidence of said first control output and one of said second control outputs for controlling the associated functional device.

27. A control system as set forth in claim 26 wherein said first timing means includes means responsive to said AC power signals to provide a plurality of output pulses of a predetermined duration each of which defines a different one of said channels, said switching means being controlled by said select means to couple the output of said signal generating means to said power line for said predetermined duration to permit transmission of said control signals for such duration.

28. A control system as set forth in claim 27 wherein said input means includes pulse shaping means and detecting means including frequency detecting means and level detecting means interposed between said power line and said pulse shaping means for enabling said pulse shaping means to provide an output pulse of a duration which corresponds to the time that control signals are transmitted over said power line by said transmitter means in a given data frame.

29. A control system as set forth in claim 28 wherein said input means includes reference means responsive to each output pulse of said pulse shaping means and to further outputs of said second timing means to provide an output pulse of said predetermined duration which is referenced to said AC power signals.

30. In a control system wherein functional devices are controlled in response to control signals transmitted over an electrical power distribution network of a building complex including power lines which conduct cyclical AC power signals, a control arrangement comprising transmitter means including clock pulse generating means coupled to one of said power lines and responsive to said power signals to provide clock pulses at a predetermined rate, pulse counter means responsive to said clock pulses to provide a timed sequence of output pulses which define a data frame, signal generating means for providing a control signal at a predetermined frequency at an output thereof, switching means operable when enabled to couple the output of said signal generating means to said power line, and select means operable to extend selected ones of said output pulses to said switches means for enabling said switching means, and receiver means associated with one of said functional devices and including clock pulse generating means coupled to one of said power lines and responsive to said power signals to provide clock pulses, enabling means responsive to said clock pulses to provide a first control output at a time following the start of said data frame, input means coupled to said power line for detecting the control signals conducted over said power line for providing a second control output in response to each control signal detected, and comparator means responsive to the coincidence of said first control output and one of said second control outputs for controlling the associated functional device.

31. A control system as set forth in claim 30 wherein said select means includes programmable switch means including a plurality of switch devices interposed between a plurality of outputs of said counter means and a plurality of inputs of said switching means, said switch devices being individually operable to permit selected ones of said output pulses to be extended to said switching means.

32. A control system as set forth in claim 30 wherein said enabling means includes further pulse counting means responsive to said clock pulses to provide a sequence of output pulses representing the number of clock pulses counted, and further select means including output means enabled by output pulses provided when a preselected number of clock pulses have been counted to provide said control output.

33. A control system as set forth in claim 32 wherein said further select means includes a plurality of switch devices individually operable to select the number of clock pulses to be counted for enabling said output means.

34. In a control system wherein functional devices are controlled in response to control signals transmitted over an electrical power distribution network of a building complex including power lines which conduct cyclical AC power signals, a control arrangement comprising a plurality of addressable receiver means each individually associated with a different one of said functional devices, and transmitter means for selectively enabling said receiver means, said transmitter means including first timing means coupled to said power lines and responsive to said power signals to continuously define a plurality of data channels which comprise data frames, data means responsive to said first timing means for generating a start signal at the start of each data frame followed by data signals in a plurality of said data channels of said data frame, first ones of said data signals representing an address for a selected receiver means and second ones of said data signals representing a control command indicating a control function to be provided, and switching means for applying said start signal and said data signals to said power lines for transmission over said power distribution network, each of said receiver means including input means coupled to one of said power lines for detecting said start signal and said data signals in each data frame, second timing means responsive to said AC power signals for generating timing pulses referenced in time to said AC signals, addressable means controlled by said input means and said timing pulses to respond to said first data signals to provide a control output whenever the data signals correspond to an address assigned to said receiver means, and control means enabled by said control output to be responsive to said second data signals to effect the control function indicated by said second data signals.

35. A control system as set forth in claim 34 wherein said input means includes a signal detecting means responsive to said data signals to provide data pulses at first and second levels in a sequence coded to represent said address and said control command, said addressable means including pulse storage means for storing said data pulses, and comparator means connected to first outputs of said pulse storage means to be responsive to the stored data pulses which represent the address to provide said control output whenever the received address corresponds to the address assigned to said receiver means.

36. A control system as set forth in claim 35 wherein said comparator means includes gating means operable when enabled to provide said control output and switch means interposed between said first outputs of said pulse storage means and inputs of said gating means, said switch means being programmable to connect certain ones of said first outputs directly to inputs of said gating means and to connect certain other ones of said first outputs to further inputs of said gating means over inverter means to enable said gating means to be enabled whenever the stored data pulses represent the address for said receiver means.

37. A control system as set forth in claim 35 wherein said pulse storage means comprises a multistage shift register means, data pulses being gated into said shift register means under the control of said timing pulses, and wherein said input means includes start pulse detecting means responsive to said start singal for providing a reset pulse for resetting said shift register means at the start of each data frame.

38. A control system as set forth in claim 37 wherein said input means includes pulse stretching means interposed between said signal detecting means and said shift register means and responsive to each data pulse at said first level to provide a pulse of a predetermined duration to assure proper loading of said data pulses into said shift register means.

39. A control system as set forth in claim 38 wherein said pulse stretching means includes first detecting means responsive to the positive going edge of each data pulse at said first level to provide an output pulse of a predetermined duration and second detecting means responsive to the negative going edge of each data pulse at said first level to provide an output pulse of said predetermined duration, and means for combining the pulse outputs of said first and second detecting means to provide an output pulse train representing the data pulses provided by said signal detecting means.

40. A control system as set forth in claim 35 wherein said control means includes data latch means, and command detect means connected to second outputs of said pulse storage means to receive further data pulses representing said control command, said command detect means being responsive to said control output and to said further data pulses to enable said data latch means to be set to a first state whenever said data pulses represent a first control command and to enable said data latch means to be set to a second state whenever said further data pulses represent a second control command.