Automatic envelope measuring system

• US 4,063,283 A
• Filed: 04/03/1975
• Issued: 12/13/1977
• Est. Priority Date: 04/03/1975
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Progress Rail Welding Corp. (Caterpillar Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Chemetron (IL) Corporation (Newell Brands Inc.)
• Inventors: Neal, Donald R., Rider, Aern E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Buczinski, S. C.
• Application Number:
  US05/564,788
• Time in Patent Office: 985 Days
• Field of Search: 33/1 Q, 33/338, 356/1, 356/4, 356/141, 356/152, 356/157, 340/61, 354/63, 358/96, 358/107
• US Class Current: 348/135
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 7/06 of cavities, e.g. tunnels

Abstract

A system for automatically measuring a clearance envelope about a path of travel in a specific embodiment includes a laser and a rotating reflector mounted on a moving vehicle for radially scanning the region around the path of travel in a direction generally perpendicular to the path of travel. A television camera is mounted on the vehicle and is responsive to light from the laser that has been reflected by objects located within the viewing field of the camera. The television camera is radially scanned and provides analog video signals representative of the radial distances between the reflector and the scanned objects. An analog video tape recorder is utilized to record on video tape the distance representative video signals together with binary codes or identification numbers identifying the camera radial scanning information. The video tape may be played at a central or home office where the distance representative analog video signals may be converted to digital computer compatible binary form for suitable processing and storing by the computer.

Claims

1. Apparatus for determining a clearance envelope along an elongated roadbed, comprising;

means for emitting illumination in a radial direction about an axis parallel to said roadbed;

means including a television camera aimed in a direction parallel to said axis responsive to illumination from said emitting means reflected by an object disposed along the length of and spaced from said roadbed;

means for scanning said television camera with a plurality of radial scans for providing an electrical analog indication of the radial distance between said roadbed and said objects; and

means for recording on a record medium said electrical analog indication.

2. Apparatus as recited in claim 1 further including means for generating a plurality of binary signals, each of said binary signals identifying one of said radial scans.

3. Apparatus as recited in claim 2 wherein said electrical analog indication comprises a video signal representative of said radial distance.

4. Apparatus as recited in claim 3 wherein said recording means includes a video tape recorder responsive to said video signal and said radial scan identifying binary signals for recording said signals on said record medium.

5. Apparatus as recited in claim 4 further including keyboard entry means for recording manually entered data on said record medium.

6. Apparatus as recited in claim 3 further including means for playing back said record medium and for providing a digital representation of said video signal.

7. Apparatus as recited in claim 6 further including means responsive to a plurality of said video signal digital representations for generating a visual display of the clearance envelope about a predetermined point on the path of travel.

8. Apparatus as recited in claim 7 wherein said visual display generating means includes means for generating the clearance envelope along a predetermined portion of said axis.

9. Apparatus as recited in claim 8 further including means for entering data representative of a cargo envelope into said visual display generating means for rendering said visual display generating means operative to provide a composite display of said cargo envelope and said clearance envelope.

10. Apparatus as recited in claim 7 wherein said record medium playing means and said visual display generating means are remotely located from said video signal recording means.

11. Apparatus as recited in claim 6 further including means for recording on a second record medium said digital representations of said video signal.

12. Apparatus as recited in claim 5 further including means for retrieving said manually entered data.

13. A system for determining the clearance envelope associated with a path of travel and objects disposed along the length of and spaced from said path of travel comprising

means for directing a beam of coherent light for rotation about an axis of rotation parallel to the direction of and radially about said path of travel,

a television camera directed in a direction parallel to said axis of rotation, said television camera being responsive to light reflected by objects disposed along said path of travel for providing an analog video signal indicative of the distance between the camera and said objects,

means for scanning the field of said television camera, said scanning means including means for generating a digital representation for identifying each scanning line, and

means for recording said video signal for subsequent processing by a remotely located processing system.

14. A system as recited in claim 13 wherein said scanning means includes means for radially scanning the field of said television camera.

15. A system as recited in claim 14 wherein said recording means includes a video tape recorder coupled to said television camera for recording said video signal.

16. A system as recited in claim 15 wherein said digital representation generating means is coupled to said recording means for recording said digital representations thereby to identify the video signal corresponding to each radial scanning line.

17. A system as recited in claim 16 wherein said radial scanning means includes means responsive to said digital representations for generating signals representative of the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the radial scanning line identified by each of said digital representations.

18. A system as recited in claim 17 wherein said horizontal and vertical coordinates representative signal generating means includes means for generating digital representations of the sine and cosine of the angle of the radial scanning line identified by each of said digital representations.

19. A system as recited in claim 18 wherein said sine and cosine generating means includes a read-only memory.

20. A system as recited in claim 18 further including means responsive to said sine and cosine digital representations for generating analog signals having amplitudes proportional to the values of each of said sine and cosine representative digital representations.

21. A system as recited in claim 20 further including means connected to said analog signal generating means for integrating said analog sine and cosine representative digital representations thereby to provide horizontal and vertical scanning signals for radially scanning the field of said television caamera.

22. A system as recited in claim 13 wherein said beam directing means includes a rotating reflector rotating about said axis of rotation and a laser directed toward said reflector.

23. A method for determining the cross sectional envelope defined by one or more obstacles radially disposed about a longitudinal axis parallel to an elongated path of travel comprising;

scanning said obstacles with a rotary beam of light emitted radially about and relatively movable along said longitudinal axis to illuminate portions of said obstacles and to cause the area so illuminated to progress helically along said obstacles;

detecting the illuminated portions of said obstacles, including the steps of aiming a television camera in a direction substantially parallel to said longitudinal axis and forming an image thereof on said television camera, said image having a shape similar to the cross section of the area between said longitudinal axis and the illuminated portions of said obstacles;

providing an electrical analog signal corresponding to said image, said electrical analog signal being a video signal provided by said camera, and representative of the radial distance between said illuminated portions of said obstacles and said longitudinal axis;

recording substantially all of said electrical analog signal on a record medium; and

wherein the step of detecting the illuminated portions of said obstacles further includes the steps of scanning said television camera with a plurality of radial scanning lines and detecting changes in the amplitude of said video signal representative of the locations of the illuminated portions of said obstacles.

24. The method recited in claim 23 further including the steps of providing a digital identifying signal associated with each radial scanning line.