Over temperature battery deactivation system

• US 4,075,400 A
• Filed: 02/04/1977
• Issued: 02/21/1978
• Est. Priority Date: 02/04/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Organization - World Intellectual Property
• Original Assignee: Organization - World Intellectual Property
• Inventors: Fritts, David H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Walton, Donald L.
• Application Number:
  US05/765,557
• Time in Patent Office: 382 Days
• Field of Search: 429/49, 429/120, 429/62, 429/61
• US Class Current: 429/62
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/4235 Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte H01M10/4242 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/647 Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/6569 Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation heat pipes H01M10/6552
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2200/00 Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2200/10 Temperature sensitive devices
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2200/20 Pressure-sensitive devices
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A battery poisoning agent contained in thermoplastic encapsulating material, positioned adjacent a battery electrode or within the battery separators, which will melt at a predetermined temperature and release the poisoning material, deactivates that portion of a battery that is exceeding the predetermined temperature.

Claims

1. The improvement in battery structure to deactivate the battery in locations within the battery where overheating and temperatures exceeding a predetermined safe value occur, the said battery having an electrode and a separator containing an electrolyte, the said improvement comprising:

a. a battery poisoning agent;

b. an encapsulant having a determined melting temperature approximately equal to the said safe value, encapsulating the said battery poisoning agent; and

c. means for positioning the said encapsulant encapsulating the said positioning agent between the said electrode and the said separator.

2. The improvement in battery structure for deactivating the battery in locations within the battery where overheating and temperature exceeding a predetermined safe value occur, the said battery having an electrode, and separator material containing an electrolyte, the said improvement comprising:

a. a battery poisoning agent;

b. an encapsulant having a determined melting temperature approximately equal to the said safe value, encapsulating the said battery poisoning agent; and

c. means, including a mat fabricated from the same material as the said separator material, for positioning the said encapsulant. substantially uniformly throughout the cross section area between the said electrode and the said separator material containing an electrolyte.

3. The improvement in battery structure for deactivating the battery in locations within the battery where overheating and temperature exceeding a predetermined safe value occur, the said battery having an anode, a cathode, and a separator containing an electrolyte, the said improvement comprising:

a. a battery poisoning agent;

b. an encapsulant having a determined melting temperature approximately equal to the said safe value, encapsulating the said poisoning agent; and

c. means for positioning and holding the said encapsulant substantially uniformly over the said anode.

4. The improvement as claimed in claim 3 wherein the said encapsulant comprises globules.

5. The improvement as claimed in claim 4 wherein the said means for holding the said globules includes an adhesive.

6. The improvement as claimed in claim 4 wherein the said means for holding the said globules is a woven mat.